英语自我概念与合作学习的关系探究

合作学习能够激发积极的情感状态,提高学习效率。以71名大学非英语专业二年级学生为被试对象,通过实验组和控制组的对比研究,检测合作学习对英语自我概念的影响。实验组实施合作学习,控制组按常规教学。结果表明,实验组英语自我概念得到显著提高,英语整体、听力、口语及写作等自我概念发生显著变化;但阅读自我概念无明显改变。验证了合作学习对提高英语自我概念的积极影响,为强化英语自我概念提供了一条有效途径。     

Self-Concept,Attitudes Toward Career Counseling,and Work Readiness of Malaysian Vocational Students

The authors examined the relationship between self-concept, attitudes toward career counseling, and work readiness among 574 Malaysian vocational students. Attitudes toward career counseling have been studied in Western cultures; however, little is known about how career counseling is perceived in Eastern cultures. Attitudes toward career counseling were examined as a potential mediator of the relationship between self-concept and work readiness. The authors applied structural equation modeling to explain these relationships. Value of career counseling was found to significantly mediate the link between self-concept and work readiness. Results supported a direct relationship between positive self-concept and work readiness skills. This may be due, in part, to a heightened value of career counseling among vocational students that increases career awareness and thus enhances work readiness. Future research could include samples with more female participants and additional constructs, such as self-efficacy and career adaptability.     

What changes during specialized foster care? A study on adaptive functioning and emotional and social problems

Various models of specialized foster care have been developed, but research on them is limited. This longitudinal, exploratory study analysed data on adaptive functioning, emotional and social problems and self-concept in a specialized foster care service in Sweden. The focus of the study was on the development of the children and young people in placement. The Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System (ABAS-II) was used to measure adaptive functioning, and the Beck Youth Inventories of Emotional and Social Impairment (BYI) was used to measure self-rated emotional and social problems and self-concept. Self-ratings showed significant improvements in disruptive behaviour, anger, anxiety and depression. Adaptive functioning as rated by foster parents improved but not enough to catch up with the non-clinical norm group. The average adaptive functioning among the participants at baseline was considerably below the Swedish norm group. Similar to the results of a previous study of the same treatment model, children and young people rated improvement while their foster parents did not do so to the same extent. Possible explanations for this are discussed in the paper. The study is limited by the lack of a control group and by data attrition.     

Leadership, self, and identity: A review and research agenda

This article reviews empirical research on the role of follower self-conception in leadership effectiveness, and specifies an agenda for future research in this area. The review shows that several aspects of follower self-conception (i.e., self-construal, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-consistency) may be affected by leadership, and may mediate the effects of leadership on follower behavior. There also is consistent evidence that follower self-construal moderates the impact of leadership on follower attitudes and behavior. Two key themes for future research are defined. First, future research should focus on the development of theory about the role of relational self-construal in the leadership process. Second, it seems particularly valuable to develop theory about the interplay of different aspects of follower self-conception in leadership effectiveness, including the interactive effects of these aspects of self. Working backwards from these theoretical models of follower self-conception, specific leader behavior relevant to these aspects of self should then be identified.     

A Comparison of Leisure Patterns and Morale Between Retired Professional and Nonprofessional Women

Differences in levels of post-retirement leisure activity and morale between professional and nonprofessional women were examined. Results showed retired professional women to have significantly higher levels of participation in leisure activities and higher morale than retired nonprofessional women. Differences in leisure patterns in terms of specific activities were also reported. These findings were interpreted as reflecting leisure choice as a function of psychological needs.     

不同学业成就水平学生自我概念比较研究分析

近20年对学习困难学生与正常学生自我概念水平的各种比较研究。以探讨学习困难学生（learning disability）与正常学生（normally achieving）的自我概念水平是否存在显著性差异。分析结果表明：（1）在学业自我概念方面．约89％的研究发现学习困难学生的学业自我概念低于正常学生的学业自我概念;（2）在社会自我概念水平方面。3／4的研究表明学习困难学生和正常学生之间没有显著差异;（3）在一般自我概念水平方面．68％的研究表明学习困难学生和正常学生之间没有显著差异;（4）大多数的研究表明．学习困难学生的学业自我概念和一般自我概念不会随年龄的增长而下降,而社交自我概念则随着年龄的增长而有下降趋势。     

英语语音自我概念及其影响

英语语音自我概念是指英语学习者对自己英语语音水平和语音学习能力的自我感知和评价,形成于英语语音学习过程之中。它与英语学习之间存在显著正相关,但与英语课堂焦虑之间存在显著负相关。英语语音自我概念受重要他人评价的影响。     

护理专业专科生自我概念的调查研究

目的：调查、分析护理专业专科生的自我概念。方法：采用问卷调查法调查高考统招的本、专科护生的自我概念,以本科生作为对照组,对实验结果进行统计处理．结果：专科护生整体自我、认知自我、学术自我、自我认同与接纳,低于本科护生;专科护生在城乡方面没有差异;专科男护生在整体自我、生理自我、情绪自我和自我认同与接纳高于专科女护生。建议：通过提高学生的学业成绩和护理操作技能能力培养学生积极的上述自我概念。     

恋爱经历对大学新生自我概念及人生观的影响

采用大学生自我概念量表与人生认知量表研究恋爱经历对306名大学新生进行研究,探讨其恋爱经历对自我概念及人生观的影响。结果表明：大学新生在自我概念的自纳因子上存在显著性别差异;在自我概念的成熟、自纳及人生观的社会与集体、奋斗方式因子上存在显著民族差异;恋爱经历对大学新生的自我概念具有显著影响,恋爱过与正在恋爱的大学生在容貌、成熟等维度上的得分显著高于从未恋爱的大学新生;个体的恋爱经历与自我概念的容貌、自我概念总分存在显著相关;恋爱经历通过自我概念的间接作用对大学新生的人生观产生影响。     

投射自我研究述评

投射自我是人们想象他人对自己的评价而由此产生的自我认知,它在自我概念的形成中起着重要的作用,也与自尊有着复杂关系。符号相互作用理论认为在自我概念形成中,人们观察他人怎样看待自己,然后将这些观点内化。而更多的研究表明,人们对自己有着特定的看法,这些看法造成了对他人如何看待自己的认知偏差。此外,可以从跨文化角度对投射自我做进一步的探讨,对脑机制的研究也很有必要。