Explaining the motivational forces of (<Emphasis Type="Italic">dis</Emphasis>)Respect: How self-focused and group-focused concerns can result in the display of group-serving efforts

The current article explains the motives underlying respect-and disrespect induced group-serving efforts. Research showed that intra-group respect increases individuals’ engagement with their group and subsequent intentions to show group-serving efforts. We refer to this process as ‘the group-focused motive’. Based on a recent program of research on actual effort and performance evaluations, we conclude that respect-induced group-serving efforts are not only due to enhanced engagement with the group. In addition, we posit that behavioral motivations can also stem from self-focused concerns — we refer to these as ‘self-focused motives’. We argue that the perception of being respected boosts the self-evaluation of individual group members. Maintenance of this positive self-evaluation, together with respect-induced enhanced self-confidence, can cause individuals to show more contextual performance. Finally, when individuals are disrespected, this impacts negatively on their self-perception. As a result, these individuals show group-serving efforts in an attempt to re-establish their self-worth, and this occurs relatively independently of improvement concerns for the group. Dick de Gilder (TC.de.Gilder@fsw.vu.nl) currently is associate professor of organizational behavior at the VU University in Amsterdam. He studied at the University of Amsterdam and received his Ph.D. from the University of Groningen, The Netherlands. His research interests include organizational commitment, error management, and research management.     

大学生完美主义、自尊、自我和谐和自杀意念研究

通过采用完美主义量表、自尊量表、自我和谐量表和自杀意念量表，对河南省7所高校800名大学生进行问卷调查，提出大学生的完美主义、自尊、自我和谐是自杀意念产生的主要因素，高校心理健康工作者应该采取措施以降低自杀意念的产生。     

论羞耻感教育

对青少年进行羞耻感教育是当前品德教育的一项十分迫切的任务,也是落实胡锦涛总书记“八荣八耻”社会主义荣辱观的具体步骤。羞耻感教育的价值在于:它是是非观形成的基础,是自尊心的表征,是抵御不良诱惑的精神力量,是道德教育的起点。羞耻感可以通过是非观、自尊心、荣誉感和责任心等方面加以培养。     

情感因素与外语教学

影响外语学习的因素很多,其中情感因素对外语学习成功与否起着非常重要的作用,在外语教学中也受到了很大的关注和重视.探讨了几个主要的情感因素对外语学习的影响及作用,提出了在外语教学中利用情感因素的一些想法.     

中国大学生职业成熟度量表的信度与效度

本研究调查了375名北京大学的本科生,尝试修订韩国版的学生职业成熟度量表(Career Maturity Inventory),探讨它针对中国大学生群体的适应性.结果表明:(1)修订后的中国版大学生职业成熟度量表具有一定的文化特点,它由34个项目构成,这些项目组成六个不同的因素--职业目标、职业自信、职业价值、职业自主、亲友依赖、职业参照;(2)该量表的一致性系数、分半信度、重测信度比较高,具有良好的信度;(3)该量表具有较好的效度,如职业成熟度得分与大学生的自尊、幸福感、内控分呈显著的正相关;职业成熟度与专业满意度、未来打算的确定性、职业选择的信心等呈显著的正相关;职业成熟度越高的大学生上网时间越少,而且即使上网也主要用于辅助学业或便利生活.     

自尊、情感与创造力的关系

选取自尊与情感两个个体内部心理特征,探讨二者与创造力之间的关系。自尊由外显自尊与内隐自尊两类独立的自尊结构组成,外显自尊用问卷来测量,内隐自尊用内隐联想测验来考察;情感包括积极情感与消极情感,用问卷法来考察;创造力也用问卷测量。结果发现外显自尊是情感的有效预测变量,它也是创造力水平的有效预测变量,而积极情感是创造力水平的有效预测变量。研究探讨了自尊与情感对创造力的影响机制,为创造力的培养与科学管理奠定了理论基础。     

团体辅导对贫困大学生自尊的干预效果

为探讨团体辅导对贫困生自尊的干预效果,运用自主设计的团体辅导方案,对18名贫困生进行为期八周、每周一次的团体心理辅导,并通过量化分析,评估干预效果。结果显示,团体辅导能显著提升贫困生自尊水平,并在提高社会支持领悟水平、改善应对方式、增加积极情绪体验等方面具有显著作用,对持续改善贫困生自尊具有潜在的长期效应。     

影响学生英语听力的情感因素分析

分析情感因素对学生英语听力理解的影响，提出培养学生积极情感因素、克服消极情感因素，从而有效提高听力理解能力的教学策略。     

Parent-Child Relationships,Parental Relationships and Children's Self-Esteem in Post-Divorce Families in Hong Kong

Abstract

In recent research on post-divorce families in Hong Kong, there has been a shift away from the assumption of pathology, and in favor of a trend of increasing attention to children's resilience and the benefits of a continuous parental relationship. There remains, however, a lack of empirical knowledge to guide social work practices in this area in contemporary Hong Kong. The present study is designed to examine how children's relationships with both parents and the different patterns of parental relationships impact children's self-esteem. Sixty-nine post-divorce families participated in the survey. The findings of a positive impact of quality relationship with both parents supported the promotion of active involvement of both parents. The likelihood of increased parental conflicts, however, makes the co-parental involvement a double-edged sword as far as the children are concerned, while an avoidance/low-conflict pattern of parental relationship is found to be the most beneficial pattern for the children. To enhance the well-being of children, a secure residential parent-child relationship with a noncompetitive nonresidential parent-child relationship is deemed beneficial.     

An Exploration of Nonresident Parents' Financial Provision and Children's Self-Esteem in a Chinese Context

ABSTRACT

This study examines the relationship between the making of financial provision by nonresident parents and children's self-esteem in a Chinese context. It is found that the relationship depends much on the dynamics of the nonresident parents' participation in other areas of family relationships, such as parental conflict. As this is an exploratory study with a small sample size, the results are suggestive rather than conclusive. The study contributes by indicating the possible cultural difference in the family dynamics of the post-divorce families in the Chinese context of Hong Kong and the West, and the need to take into account the perspectives of both the resident and nonresident parents in studying nonresident parents' post-divorce involvement.