基于TNPM的烟叶打叶复烤设备维护体系

烟叶的打叶复烤环节属于典型的流程加工制造系统,其不间断作业的生产特点对加工过程设备的稳定性提出较高的要求。为了保证稳定的加工质量,打叶复烤企业需要先进有效的设备管理体系作为依靠。文章论述了结合企业实际生产情况建立基于TNPM理论的烟叶打叶复烤设备管理维护维修体系。其核心内容包括：有效的培训机制、设备日常维护机制、设备维修机制、设备维护维修知识库和设备维护执行机制5方面。该研究结合了某复烤厂实际情况,考虑烟草打叶复烤厂的生产特点,制定出来的设备管理体系、维护维修体系以及相关人员的管理流程和系统在实际生产中应用效果较好。     

物流外包——烟草商业物流的方向

对烟草企业来说,如何顺应良好市场环境,抓住机遇加快企业的发展是目前的首要任务。如何集中企业的有限资源,将发展的重点集中在增加核心竞争力上,是企业要面对的重要问题。而如何处理占据企业大量精力的物流管理问题,则是企业要面对的一个重要的决策。第三方物流企业可以协助其完成企业的物流管理,本文就烟草介入第三方物流的相关背景和条件作了一些探讨。     

烟草行业数字化图书馆建设

阐述了建立烟草行业数字图书馆的必要性和紧迫性。通过对数字图书馆与现有传统图书馆的对比分析,从数字资源、技术实现、实现功能等方面论述了建设烟草行业数字图书馆需要达到的技术水平和设计功能。     

How Traceability is Restructuring Malawi's Tobacco Industry

This article applies a global value‐chain framework to the tobacco industry in Malawi, showing how cigarette manufacturers govern the chain and control first‐tier suppliers, the leaf merchants. Contract farming offers smallholders the ability to meet manufacturers' compliance and traceability requirements and an opportunity for process and product upgrading, but threatens to exclude poorer growers. The article concludes by highlighting the role leaf merchants can play in diversifying Malawi's economic base and suggests research avenues to understand this rapid institutional evolution better.     

Parent‐Child Communication About Adolescent Tobacco and Alcohol Use: What Do Parents Say and Does It Affect Youth Behavior?

Parent‐child communication about tobacco and alcohol use is assumed to be critical to child use of these substances, but it rarely has been systematically described and related to adolescent use. This study included a national sample of 537 adolescent‐parent pairs interviewed by telephone at baseline and again 1 year later. Factor analysis of parent reports of communication identified 3 domains: rules and discipline, consequences and circumstances, and media influences. Communication in these domains varied by family characteristics, including parents' substance use and mother's education level. Contrary to assumptions, parent‐child communication was not related to initiation of smoking or drinking. Additional analyses suggested, however, that parent‐child communication about rules and discipline predicted escalation of use.     

烟草抗赤星病的诱导因子谱研究

6种诱导方法测定表明,3种化学物质、非病原细菌的3个菌株、赤星菌6个菌株均可程度不同地诱导烟草对赤星病的系统抗性,抗性诱导效应最高可达71%.化学、细菌因子以叶面喷洒和灌根诱导效果较好,赤星菌株以叶面悬滴和叶面喷洒效果较好.     

云南省烟草产业对经济增长的效应分析

烟草业作为云南的主要经济支柱和利税大户,为当地社会经济发展做出了巨大贡献。文章从经济学视角出发,探讨云南烟草业在直接拉动经济增长方面的收入、财政、创汇效应,间接带动相关产业发展、缓解社会就业压力的效应,认为云南烟草产业对经济增长的作用十分明显;并在此基础上分析了烟草产业对云南经济发展的影响、提出了相关发展对策。     

基于 KMRW 模型的烟叶种植收购过程政商农博弈分析

比较收益影响烟农种植意愿,烟草公司通过引入政府强制,实现种烟博弈均衡,但烟农利益、政府声誉受损,多次重复博弈的均衡结果发生改变;机会主义导致虚假烟叶合同、不按合同交售,烟草公司、政府通过惩戒等承诺行动影响烟农期望收益,在多次重复博弈中实现合作。但重复博弈的声誉机制不会自我实施,问题的解决需要其他方式的配合,提高种烟比较收益,提高烟农博弈地位,保障烟农切身利益。     

气流干燥在制丝生产中的应用研究进展

综述了近年来国内烟丝气流干燥技术在工艺优化、设备改造及研发上的进展和气流干燥对烟丝物理特性、感官 质量及化学成分的影响,并与传统的滚筒烘丝工艺进行了对比。开发适合中式卷烟的烟丝气流干燥系统是今后研究的 重要方向。     

Trends in point-of-sale tobacco marketing around college campuses: Opportunities for enhanced tobacco control efforts

Objective: Colleges have implemented policies to limit tobacco use on-campus; however, the off-campus environment is often overlooked in tobacco control efforts. We assessed availability, marketing, and promotion of cigarettes, snus, and traditional smokeless tobacco (SLT) in a sample of communities surrounding 11 college campuses in North Carolina and Virginia. Participants: Between January-March of 2011, 2012 and 2013, 481 tobacco-selling retailers, including convenience stores, pharmacies and supermarkets, located near campuses were assessed. Methods: Trained observers completed annual point-of-sale assessments. Results: The percentage of stores selling (81.4% to 58.6%; p < .0001) and advertising snus (80.1% to 53.11%; p < .0001) significantly decreased over time. Convenience stores increased promotions of cigarettes (65.4% to 72.8%; p = 0.04) and SLT (3.1% to 23.3%; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Off-campus environments have abundant tobacco availability and marketing. Colleges should collaborate with state and local tobacco control advocates to address tobacco promotion near campuses to potentially decrease product appeal and access among young adults.