马克思的劳动价值论和按生产要素分配

生产要素所有权决定劳动产品的分配。不同社会制度下劳动产品的分配不同根源于生产资料所有制的不同。市场经济条件下生产要素获取收益的方式主要有三种：把生产要素当作商品、把生产要素当作资本商品，把生产要素当作资本。无论何种方式参与分配的依据都是生产要素的所有权，而非劳动价值论：劳动价值论不是生产要素参与分配的依据，但在市场经济中两者有着内在的联系。     

论杨万里的知行观

杨万里是南宋著名理学家,他的知行观更有不可忽视的重要思想价值。他认为只要人有认识客观事物的主动性,世界是可以认识的。他还深刻地揭示了人的认识来源于客观世界,是客观世界的反映。特别强调后天学习的重要性,强调学以致用,只有学而有用的学问才是真学问。杨万里强调知行并重,倡导和弘扬力行精神,具有积极入世的品格和刚健求实的精神。     

“三个代表”是社会主义本质的集中体现

随着社会主义的不断发展,人们对它形成了一些不同的概念。社会主义特征、社会主义模式、社会主义本质等,都是人们对社会主义认识的表现。但究竟什么是社会主义,过去人们没有把它完全弄清。江泽民同志站在世纪交替的历史高度,认真总结我党以及国际共产主义运动的历史经验,做出了"三个代表"的重要论述。这不仅是我们党建的重要指导思想,而且也是社会主义本质的集中体现,是对科学社会主义理论的重要贡献。     

金文中的女性享祭者及其社会地位

以金文中女性享祭情况与男性享祭情况的对比为纬,考查女性享祭者礼遇高低的量化相对值;以不同时期女性享祭情况的发展变化为经,考查女性享祭者礼遇变化的量化绝对值,揭示出殷周社会对女性享祭者的尊崇逐渐减弱的事实,证明殷周女性社会地位极其低微并逐步下降的观点。     

论哲学社会科学在国家知识创新体系中的地位和作用

从邓小平同志“科学技术是第一生产力”出发 ,到江泽民同志进而提出了“创新动力论”,并筹划建立完善当代中国“国家知识创新体系”,说明我国的国家知识创新体系不仅面对着大量的自然科技新问题 ,而且面对着一系列哲学社会科学新问题 ,亟待创新解决。江泽民同志最近的三次讲话表明 ,当代中国哲学社会科学在解决这些新问题中的创新功能 ,是不可替代的 ,它构成了中国知识创新体系的难以或缺的主导子系统。     

认识你自己:人是什么?

人是什么 ,这是人类思想史上的一个古老话题 ,中外哲学家们都从各自偏好的方面发现了人的本质力量的重要方面。马克思总结中外哲学家的思想 ,提出人的本质并不是单个人所固有的抽象物 ,应该到人的现实存在方式——社会实践中去找寻 ,实践才是人的一切本质力量的源泉和基础 ,人则是实践的主体 ,因而人是通过实践改造世界、改造自己的社会关系及其规范 ,同时改造自身的有理性、有目的的具有主动性和创造性的社会主体     

Can we remember differently? A case study of the new culture of memory in voluntary organisations

This article analyses the positive contribution that Slovenian voluntary, non–governmental organisations, users' organisations and community–based services in the field of mental health have made to the 'new culture of memory' of helpers and users. The conceptual differences between Slovenian psychiatric (institutional) treatment and voluntary community care are presented through the case study of Clare, a young woman who was diagnosed as a chronic schizophrenic. This example shows the importance of community care in voluntary organisations for the reduction of disability associated with mental disorders. The development of the new culture of memory in voluntary organisations and community–based services is not only the 'narrative turn' within social welfare, but also symbolises the 'implicit turn' in the relationship between the helper and the user. The real challenge of the new culture of memory in the process of help to disabled people (in respect of individuals working through traumatic memories) is that the helper can bear and support the user on a daily basis. During the process of their relationship, the deep implicit relational memories of both become activated and influence the change within the user as well as the helper.     

Empathy and professional attitude in social workers and non-trained aides

The purpose of this study was to investigate empathic communication and professional attitude in vocational groups representing different levels of professional training. A further aim was to elucidate some aspects of the impact of the clients. Four groups of professionals participated, three with degrees as social workers and one with only short professional training. Three groups worked with committed drug addicts, one group with somatically ill patients. The 110 subjects were tested with a video-test of professional attitude and empathic communication. Different response patterns were found in the different groups. The group with short training had the highest proportion of unprofessional responses. The group of social workers working with somatically ill patients showed the highest amount of empathic communication. Furthermore, there was a distinction among the kind of unprofessional responses used by the different groups. Hypotheses on the causes of these differences and implications for future research are discussed.     

Medicine on the line? Computer‐mediated social support and advice for people with diabetes

The advent of thousands of Usenet groups on the Internet, covering a vast range of medical and welfare issues and ostensibly devoted to the mutual social support of participating members, has raised the potential for the development of new forms of 'virtual' health care. This article critically analyses the use by people with diabetes of one such Usenet group. It seeks to establish, first, the extent to which such a site provides some demonstrable measure of social support to its participants. This is approached by undertaking a structural analysis of the site to identify the extent of usage, and the nature of supporting interventions using a fivefold classification (instrumental, informational, esteem and social companionship and other). Second, the article attempts to identify any disparity between the lay health-knowledge in evidence and biomedical opinions proffered by the use of a panel of consultant diabetiologists. The results of the analysis suggest that the diabetes newsgroup provides an example of an active forum for largely well-informed participants who routinely use the media as an aid to the reflexive management of their medical condition. It also raises the prospect of a renegotiated relationship between medical knowledge and lay experience based upon shared learning     

文学理论：从主体性到主体间性

西方现代哲学、美学发生了由主体性到主体间性的转向 ,而中国古代哲学、美学本来就是主体间性的。在 80年代确立了主体性后 ,新世纪的中国文学理论应当开始主体间性的拓展。主体间性文学理论突破了认识论的局限 ,不是把文学活动看作主体对客体的认识和征服 ,而是看作主体间的共在 ,是自我主体与世界主体间的对话、交往 ,是对自我与他人的认同 ,因而是自由的生存方式和对生存意义的体验