“请”字用法汉英对比的语用分析

迁移是语际语用学和二语习得研究领域的重要范畴。现回顾迁移的相关理论,并考察请字在汉英两种语言里的用法及其异同点。并指出母语与知识对目的语表达的牵制作用、对母语句式或用法的泛化以及语言表达背后的社会价值观是造成语用负迁移的重要原因。     

Generations,Identities, and the Collective Memory of Che Guevara1

Has the image of Che Guevara lost its power to evoke radical politics in the face of pervasive commodification? The commercialization of this 1960s political icon has called into question the power of the market to shape collective memories. Meanwhile, antisystemic movements of the left continue to erect his image at protest events. In light of this contest over how Che Guevara is remembered, we investigate, using data from a survey of Spanish citizens, who is most likely to recall him. We find qualified support for the theory of generational imprinting—Che is more often recalled by those generations who saw him rise to prominence during their formative years, although prominent as a collective symbol rather than as a living person. Our results also corroborate the claim that historical figures or events are more salient for, and therefore more likely to be remembered by, some subgenerational units than others. Thus, although the younger generations are in general more likely than their elders to recall Che, he is most frequently remembered by the highly educated leftists who espouse postmaterialist and posttraditionalist values and identify more with their local regions than with the nation of Spain. These patterns suggest that, in contrast to the dire predictions of mass culture theorists, the memory of Che Guevara has become increasingly tied to markers of social, ethnic‐regional, and political identity.     

试论扩招后高校社会治安综合治理

通过对学校社会治安状况的调研,弄清校园及周边社会治安综合治理的重点、难点;分析其普遍性和特殊性;弄清校园及周边人、财、物的动态平衡关系,着力提高防范能力,以便对校园及周边实施科学管理,降低治理成本。运用辩证唯物主义的立场、观点和方法掌握其规律性,有针对性地解决高校扩招后学校社会治安综合治理工作的问题,有力保证学校教学、科研工作,从而促进高校改革的顺利进行,为当地政府和学校领导提供高校扩招后学校社会治安综合治理工作的决策依据。     

自我形象的映照——《镜花缘》中的"他者"形象透视

比较文学形象学意义上的形象指的是文学中所塑造的异国异族形象。这种异国异族形象是通过他本人所属社会或群体的想象描绘出来的。从比较文学形象学的视角对《镜花缘》中乌托邦类型的异国形象加以剖析,认为作者对海外诸国的认识只是当时社会集体想象的产物,在本质上是当时中国自我形象的映照。     

生态工业系统研究述评与展望

从生态工业系统模型、特征、分类、实施途径以及生态工业系统与清洁生产关系等方面述评了国内外生态工业系统的研究进展,指出目前国内外研究仅停留在传统产业园区的生态建设上,未来的发展趋势是在工业城镇或更广泛区域构建社会利益相关者(包括政府、企业、社区)共同参与的生态工业系统,并强调注重环境管理工具和高新技术产业在生态工业发展中的作用,以期为生态城市建设战略的研究奠定一定的基础。     

社会转型期青少年犯罪的文化思考

青少年犯罪已成为一个严重的社会问题。社会文化转型期异质文化、社会不良文化、青少年亚文化以及代际文化冲突对青少年犯罪具有不同程度的影响,从文化的角度提出相应的预防措施特别是对青少年亚文化进行调控将是一个新的视角。     

马克思理论视野中的社会契约论

马克思在建构自己理论的过程中 ,对西方近代自由主义的社会契约论思想进行了批判。他的批驳主要体现在 3个方面 :反对社会契约论所采用的个人主义的理论前提 ,认为人本质上是社会性存在 ;揭示社会契约论所预设的个人自由的实质 ,认为这只是形式的自由 ,人的本质同人的存在处于尖锐对立之中 ;在研究方法上 ,认为在对社会 (包括对社会的经济形态和政治制度 )进行的科学分析中 ,应坚持以经验为基础 ,而社会契约论者所采用的高度抽象的论证方式 ,因袭的是传统社会理论的抽象研究方法论范式。     

清末广东的盗匪问题与政府清乡——从社会治理看清朝统治的末势

盗匪问题是清末广东突出的社会问题,在当时的文献中,常能见到诸如"粤东之盗,甲于天下"的说法。盗匪威胁民众的生命财产安全,造成社会动荡,不少也卷入革命党人发动的反清起义,危及当权者的统治。为消弭匪乱,稳定社会,清政府当局推行严厉清乡政策,以军事手段打击盗匪,而效果却并不明显。清末广东匪患的严重化以及政府于治理上的疲软处境,为我们进一步理解清末社会及清政府垮台的社会基础提供了更广的视角。     

基于复杂适应系统的作战理论哲学反思

传统的作战理论与方法已经不能适应像现代信息化战争系统这类充满“活”的个体和变化因素的复杂系统，需要进行理论创新。而复杂适应系统理论是当代系统科学的一个新发展。有望成为创新作战理论的突破口。本文在分析比较作战系统的基础上，认为作战系统实质是复杂的适应系统，作战系统内的作战双方都力图以增强自身的适应性和复杂性，削弱对方的适应性和复杂性取得作战的胜利。     

'Polyphonic' welfare: Luhmann's systems theory applied to modern social work

This article applies a series of concepts from Niklas Luhmann's systems theory in an analysis of modern welfare organisations. The point of departure is that social help in late modern welfare states has become 'polycentric' in that 'help' is today being defined by various different agents: public, voluntary and private care providers. Empirically, this article investigates re-housing work with homeless people, a kind of social work which involves several different welfare organisations. The case study shows how these organisations define themselves by making internal constructions of their surroundings, and how their self-enclosed nature creates a certain 'insensitivity' towards one another. How to coordinate and translate within this 'polyphony' of incomparable observations and values represents a major managerial challenge for present-day social workers.