Broadening the Study of Infant Security of Attachment: Maternal Autonomy‐support in the Context of Infant Exploration

Although security of attachment is conceptualised as a balance between infants' attachment and exploratory behaviours, parental behaviours pertaining to infant exploration have received relatively little empirical attention. Drawing from self‐determination theory, this study seeks to improve the prediction of infant attachment by assessing maternal autonomy‐support during infant exploration, in addition to maternal sensitivity. Seventy‐one dyads participated in two home visits. Maternal sensitivity was assessed when the infants were 12 months old, whereas maternal autonomy‐support and infant attachment were assessed at 15 months. The results revealed that autonomy‐support explained an additional portion of the variance in attachment when maternal socioeconomic status and sensitivity were controlled. These results speak to the relevance of a theory‐driven approach to examining maternal behaviours in the context of child exploration.     

汉语作为第三语言的学习动机研究

开展燕尾式隧道支护体系现场监测试验，研究分析了围岩与初支接触压力、锚杆轴力、钢拱架应力和初喷砼层应力。试验结果表明：大跨断面围岩压力对施工的动态响应明显，连拱断面围岩压力伴随后行洞室开挖产生的空间效应变化显著；锚杆多承受拉力作用，大跨段锚杆支护效果较连拱段明显，锚杆支护参数存在进一步优化的空间；初喷砼层与钢拱架普遍承受压力作用，均发挥了相应的支护作用。研究成果可为类似工程的修建提供参考。     

Integrated Approaches for the Public Health Prioritization of Foodborne and Zoonotic Pathogens

To address the persistent problems of foodborne and zoonotic disease, public health officials worldwide face difficult choices about how to best allocate limited resources and target interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality. Data‐driven approaches to informing these decisions have been developed in a number of countries. Integrated comparative frameworks generally share three methodological components: estimating incidence of acute illnesses, chronic sequelae, and mortality; attributing pathogen‐specific illnesses to foods; and calculating integrated measures of disease burden such as cost of illness, willingness to pay, and health‐adjusted life years (HALYs). To discuss the similarities and differences in these approaches, to seek consensus on principles, and to improve international collaboration, the E.U. MED‐VET‐NET and the U.S.‐based Food Safety Research Consortium organized an international conference convened in Berlin, Germany, on July 19–21, 2006. This article draws in part on the deliberations of the conference and discusses general principles, data needs, methodological issues and challenges, and future research needs pertinent to objective data‐driven analyses and their potential use for priority setting of foodborne and zoonotic pathogens in public health policy.     

社区矫正青少年的社会支持及其与精神健康的关系——基于上海市J区的实证分析

本文采用问卷调查的方法考察了社区矫正青少年的社会支持状况及其与精神健康之间的关系,结果发现社区矫正青少年在客观社会支持、主观社会支持和社会支持利用度方面显著弱于同龄常态青少年群体;在社会支持的三个维度中,社会支持利用度是直接影响社区矫正青少年精神健康的重要因素,同时它还是客观社会支持和主观社会支持影响精神健康状况的中介变量.在此基础上,笔者提出若干完善社区矫正青少年的社会支持体系及提升其精神健康状况的政策和服务建议.     

‘His mam,my dad,my girlfriend,loads of people used to bring him up’: the value of social support for (ex) offender fathers

This research analyses key findings from qualitative research conducted with (ex) offender fathers and their probation officers. This paper focuses on the critical role of family and social support for (ex) offender fathers who seek to build and maintain relationships with their children. The research reported in this paper shows that the men receive social support, both formal and informal from a wide ranging and complex network of family, friends and practitioners, which facilitates and enables their commitment to fathering. Drawing on social support theory, I argue that identification of support networks recognizes the productive possibilities of vulnerable families which constitute a source of strength and connection to be nurtured in contexts of adversity. This strengths‐based paradigm advocates the need to identify and facilitate family, friendship and professional networks in the context of social work with offenders and their families.     

地方工科院校实验室建设

打破传统的实验室建设的思路 ,探索构建工科院校实验室设置的新框架。加快知识创新实践基地的建设 ,建立以培养创新意识和创新能力为目标的实验教学新体系 ,是提高学校整体办学实力的重要途径     

大学生创业融资研究综述

国外对创业融资的研究以资本结构理论为主线，为我国大学创业融资的研究提供了理论观点和研究方法。国内对大学生创业融资理论和实践的研究主要集中于创业融资需求与供给、创业融资渠道、创业融资风险、创业融资支持体系等几个方面。     

我国弱势群体权利保护法理探析

目前,我国弱势群体的构成范围不断扩大,保护需求日益强烈,已经成为困扰和阻碍我国社会健康发展的一个社会问题。保护弱势群体对维护社会公平正义、实现可持续发展和构建社会主义和谐社会具有重大理论意义和现实意义。从现代法治精神、法律自身的功能及弱势群体的特殊性上来看,法律当属保护弱势群体的治本之策。因此,从法律的角度保障弱势群体权利,有着非常重要的意义。     

代际交换与城市老年人的生活满意度

基于"2013年上海市老年人口状况与意愿跟踪调查"数据,通过交互表观察城市家庭中双向的代际交换以及老年人的生活满意度状况,并采用二元Logistic回归的方法讨论双向代际交换对老年人生活满意度的影响.分析结果显示:代际交换中已出现重心下移趋势,即亲代对子代的支持多于子代对亲代的支持.亲代对子代的支持与老年人生活满意度有显著的相关性,老年人与子女相处过程中表现出利他性,为子女照看孙辈对提高其生活满意度有正向作用.而子代对亲代的支持与老年人生活满意度无显著相关,老年人经济上的独立性反而会提高其生活满意度.     

主管支持感、组织氛围对服务补救绩效的影响

理论界认为服务补救是服务企业提高顾客满意度和忠诚度的重要手段,但对如何提升服务补救绩效却鲜有探讨.文章基于服务补救绩效的组织内部影响因素,分析了主管支持感、组织氛围与服务补救绩效的关系,运用问卷调查和结构方程模型进行了实证检验.研究发现:当员工需要用服务补救来缓解其服务失误时,员工的主管支持感不能直接提升服务补救绩效,组织氛围在主管支持感与服务补救绩效的关系中发挥完全中介作用,主动沟通和宽容、相互鼓励是组织氛围发挥效应的两个重要方面.服务企业的部门主管应支持员工主动沟通和交流,营造一个宽容且相互鼓励的氛围,提高服务补救绩效.