西北少数民族聚居区产业技术跨越条件论

本文立足于民族地区产业技术现状，逐层分析了民族地区实现产业技术跨越所要依托的技术、经济、制度和文化等诸多条件，并阐述了这些条件之间的内在逻辑关系以及对技术跨越行为的制约机理。     

Parent–Caregiver Experiences With the Autism Spectrum Disorder Service Delivery System

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses are increasing, leading to growing demands on the service delivery system to meet the needs of children and families. Further understanding individual enabling components such as perceptions of parents/caregivers and personnel, as well as community-level enabling components such as the availability of and quality of services, may help inform system improvements. In this qualitative study, 19 parents/caregivers of children with ASD in one state in the United States were interviewed regarding their experiences with the ASD service delivery system, as well as their individual responses in relation to these experiences. Emergent themes point to the importance of individual coping strategies such as social support, collaboration with service providers, advocacy and empowerment, determination, and luck. Characteristics of the service delivery system, positive and negative, also were described. Findings can inform the design of future programs, services, and policies to support parent/caregiver coping and improved service delivery.     

Social Support,Coming Out,and Adjustment of Lesbian Mothers in Canada and France

SUMMARY

This study examined the factors associated with individual and relationship well-being, social support, and coming-out of lesbian mothers. We stipulated the existence of three important sources of variations: legal recognition of lesbian families in two distinct countries (Canada and France); mothers' biological status; and donor identity. Sixty-one Canadian couples and 53 French couples completed questionnaires on coming-out, support by family and friends, relationship adjustment and individual well-being. Coming-out and mothers' relationship adjustment were positively associated with social support. Levels of coming-out were higher for mothers in Canada and mothers in unknown donor families. The implications of these results are discussed.     

大学生创业融资研究综述

国外对创业融资的研究以资本结构理论为主线，为我国大学创业融资的研究提供了理论观点和研究方法。国内对大学生创业融资理论和实践的研究主要集中于创业融资需求与供给、创业融资渠道、创业融资风险、创业融资支持体系等几个方面。     

我国弱势群体权利保护法理探析

目前,我国弱势群体的构成范围不断扩大,保护需求日益强烈,已经成为困扰和阻碍我国社会健康发展的一个社会问题。保护弱势群体对维护社会公平正义、实现可持续发展和构建社会主义和谐社会具有重大理论意义和现实意义。从现代法治精神、法律自身的功能及弱势群体的特殊性上来看,法律当属保护弱势群体的治本之策。因此,从法律的角度保障弱势群体权利,有着非常重要的意义。     

Support Networks of Gay Male and Lesbian Youth

The support networks of 90 self-identified urban gay male and lesbian youth (ages 14 to 21 years) are examined. The youth, who are predominantly black and Latino/a, indicated an average of eight persons in their support networks, most of whom were close friends. Other significant groups included were parents, siblings, other relatives, and lovers or partners. A large majority of the support network members knew that the youth were gay or lesbian. Youth were moderately to very satisfied with the support they received from the network members—being more satisfied with the support provided by those who knew of their homosexuality compared to those who suspected or were unaware. Nonetheless, most youth felt that they did not have enough friends, and that they often to seldom felt lonely. These two feelings correlated positively with suicide ideation and attempts; and feeling lonely also correlated positively with drug use.     

Computer Assisted Decision Making

Summary

It is frequently argued that computerized decision support lends itself more easily to structured than to semi- or unstructured decisions. This paper discusses decision tasks of human service practitioners and surveys emerging research in decision theory and associated decision applications. It provides examples of an Information System, a Decision Support, and an Expert System, and examines under what conditions they can facilitate decision making in human services. A number of future issues and concerns are addressed, including ethical and legal questions, and computer literacy in human services education and practice.     

Small groups,contexts, and civic engagement: A multilevel analysis of United States Congregational Life Survey data

Prior research suggests that church-goers are more civically engaged than their non-church-going counterparts. Little is known, however, about how the popular phenomenon of small groups factors into this equation. In the present study, we examine relationships between small group participation at individual and congregation levels and civic engagement. Using multilevel modeling and national data on congregations and individuals from the U.S. Congregational Life Study (n = 82,044), we find that: (1) individual-level small group involvement is associated with four measures of civic engagement; (2) congregation-level small group participation is associated with both lower and higher civic engagement in the case of two outcomes; and (3) in the case of three civic outcomes, congregation-level small group participation moderates individual-level small group involvement such that small group members’ civic activity more closely resembles the lower civic engagement of small group nonparticipants. In the case of one civic outcome, at high levels of overall small group participation, small group members’ civic engagement drops below that of small group nonparticipants. Explanations for these findings, including a “crowding out” effect, are examined including their complex implications for debates regarding small groups, religious involvement, and civic engagement.     

代际交换与城市老年人的生活满意度

基于"2013年上海市老年人口状况与意愿跟踪调查"数据,通过交互表观察城市家庭中双向的代际交换以及老年人的生活满意度状况,并采用二元Logistic回归的方法讨论双向代际交换对老年人生活满意度的影响.分析结果显示:代际交换中已出现重心下移趋势,即亲代对子代的支持多于子代对亲代的支持.亲代对子代的支持与老年人生活满意度有显著的相关性,老年人与子女相处过程中表现出利他性,为子女照看孙辈对提高其生活满意度有正向作用.而子代对亲代的支持与老年人生活满意度无显著相关,老年人经济上的独立性反而会提高其生活满意度.     

主管支持感、组织氛围对服务补救绩效的影响

理论界认为服务补救是服务企业提高顾客满意度和忠诚度的重要手段,但对如何提升服务补救绩效却鲜有探讨.文章基于服务补救绩效的组织内部影响因素,分析了主管支持感、组织氛围与服务补救绩效的关系,运用问卷调查和结构方程模型进行了实证检验.研究发现:当员工需要用服务补救来缓解其服务失误时,员工的主管支持感不能直接提升服务补救绩效,组织氛围在主管支持感与服务补救绩效的关系中发挥完全中介作用,主动沟通和宽容、相互鼓励是组织氛围发挥效应的两个重要方面.服务企业的部门主管应支持员工主动沟通和交流,营造一个宽容且相互鼓励的氛围,提高服务补救绩效.