人机工程学的发展及人机系统的可靠性

本文介绍了人机工程学(工效学)这一新兴边缘学科的研究内容、发展及现状,讨论了人-机系统的可靠性并着重讨论了人的操作可靠性,探讨了按人为差错进行可靠性分析与可靠性估计的人为差错和可靠性分析逻辑推演法(HERALD法)及系统能力方法(SC方法)。 本文的结论可供系统管理工作者及设计工作者,特别是可靠性管理及可靠性设计工作者参考。     

试论“三张皮”体制对科技成果产业化的制约

文章从分析高校科技成果产业化的制约因素入手,提出了"三张皮"体制的概念,探讨了其与市场经济之间的天然不谐调性,以及对科技成果产业化发展的影响,从而提出破解之策.     

A comparison of Japanese failure models: Hybrid neural networks,logit models,and discriminant analysis

This article looks at the ability of a relatively new technique, hybrid artificial neural networks (ANNs), to predict Japanese banking and firm failures. These models are compared with traditional statistical techniques and conventional ANN models. The results suggest that hybrid neural networks outperform all other models in predicting failure for one year prior to the event. This suggests that for researchers, policymakers, and others interested in early warning systems, the hybrid network may be a useful tool for predicting banking and firm failures.     

二元经济结构理论对解决我国三农问题的启示

西方发展经济学的二元经济结构理论认为：只有当农业部门的剩余劳动已全部由工业部门吸收之后,农业部门的工资水平才能提高。我国当前“三农”问题产生的最主要原因：是建国初期城乡二元经济结构的制度化产生的阻滞作用。借鉴西方该理论对解决我国当前“三农”问题是一重要启示。     

Representing knowledge: instances of management information

Against the backdrop of discussions about the 'Information Society', the 'Informational Economy' and the role of IT in realizing organizational change we examine how representations of 'organizational knowledge' are constructed and used in work settings. We do this through the explication of ethnographic materials that detail the realization and use of Management Information (MI) in a major UK retail bank undergoing massive organizational change. We focus in particular on explicating how existing metric information was drawn upon to construct a representation of the work of the bank for those involved in managing that work. Systems designers have been increasingly interested in offering ways of conceptualizing the problem of 'knowledge' with a view to embedding these properties in systems. In the quest to develop representations of procedural knowledge to support work we argue that it is first necessary to understand how representations are actually created and used in work to support existing work practices.     

高校“两课”考评模式探讨

要实现高校“两课”教学改革新的突破 ,就必须变革“两课”现行考评模式。“两课”考评必须动态化———实行全程监控 ;考评方式必须多样化———做到全面测评     

高校"推优"工作的基础、点与面、制度

优秀团支部建设是高校推荐优秀团员青年入党工作的基础,党团校、社团载体是此项工作全面铺开的主阵地及其外围延伸,党内生活、任务担子与相关团、学活动则发挥锻炼重点对象实践素质的作用,双向责任,"一对一"联系人、定期考察鉴定,党团衔接则是保证"推优"过程规范化的好制度.     

A graph coloring approach for image segmentation

In this paper we develop a segmentation scheme for digital images based upon an iterative binary coloring technique that takes into account changing behavior of adjacent pixels. The output is a hierarchical structure of images which allows a better understanding of complex images. In particular, we propose two algorithms that should be considered as image preprocessing techniques.     

复杂产品系统创新过程中跨组织知识管理的障碍因素

复杂产品系统是由一个创新网络来进行开发和制造的,跨组织的知识管理可以促进该创新过程中知识和信息的流动、扩散和应用。在前人相关研究基础上,通过问卷调查,对复杂产品系统创新过程中知识管理的障碍因素进行了探讨,并指出不同行业的复杂产品系统,在创新过程中知识管理面临的阻碍因素可能有所不同。     

The True Cost-of-Living Index With Changing Preferences

This article investigates the theoretical and empirical properties of a true cost-of-living index under conditions of changing preferences. A family of true indexes is defined based on the notion of the current utility function. A particular index, based on the previous period's utility level, is then defined. Given this definition, a true cost-of-living index is computed based on a quadratic expenditure system estimated with quarterly data from 1960–1981. For empirical purposes, changes in preferences are represented by the linear habit formation hypothesis. This index is then compared with Paasche and Laspeyres indexes. The true cost-of-living index grows somewhat faster than either the Paasche or Laspeyres index. It also displays considerably more variability.