Planning for community: understanding diversity in resident experiences and expectations of social connections in a new urban fringe housing estate,Australia

Master-planned estates are a major source of new housing for growing cities. Much research finds these residential developments lack genuine social connections between residents despite marketing of ‘close-knit’ community. Selandra Rise is a new residential development on the urban fringe of Melbourne, Australia. The estate was planned with a focus on community infrastructure and resident well-being. The resident population was younger and more culturally diverse than most other master-planned community case studies. A longitudinal research design was used to explore resident understanding, experiences and needs relating to place-based community. Interviews were conducted with residents before moving to the estate and 9–18 months after moving. Some residents considered community as an amenity provided by the master-planned environment that did not require their social participation. Others aspired to make social connections with neighbours but had varying levels of success. Past experiences which contributed to aspirations for connecting with local community, and the ways that these aims were realised or hindered, are discussed. Understanding diverse resident expectations of community and insights from their lived experience are used to make recommendations for planning new neighbourhoods and designing community development programmes.     

A varying coefficient approach to estimating hedonic housing price functions and their quantiles

The varying coefficient (VC) model introduced by Hastie and Tibshirani [26 T. Hastie and R. Tibshirani, Varying-coefficient models, J. R. Statist. Soc. (Ser. B) 55 (1993), pp. 757–796.[Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]] is arguably one of the most remarkable recent developments in nonparametric regression theory. The VC model is an extension of the ordinary regression model where the coefficients are allowed to vary as smooth functions of an effect modifier possibly different from the regressors. The VC model reduces the modelling bias with its unique structure while also avoiding the ‘curse of dimensionality’ problem. While the VC model has been applied widely in a variety of disciplines, its application in economics has been minimal. The central goal of this paper is to apply VC modelling to the estimation of a hedonic house price function using data from Hong Kong, one of the world's most buoyant real estate markets. We demonstrate the advantages of the VC approach over traditional parametric and semi-parametric regressions in the face of a large number of regressors. We further combine VC modelling with quantile regression to examine the heterogeneity of the marginal effects of attributes across the distribution of housing prices.     

Combined asymmetric spatial weights matrix with application to housing prices

In this study, a combined asymmetric spatial weights matrix is proposed for capturing the unequal spatial dependence of housing prices, where the advantage of this matrix was demonstrated by a non-nested hypothesis test. To explore the heterogeneous spatial impacts of urban essential characteristics on housing prices over the eastern, central, and western regions of China, after the Lagrange multiplier and likelihood ratio tests, the spatial Durbin model using the proposed weights matrix was applied to each region. The estimation results showed that the direct impacts of college and new employment were significantly negative in the eastern region, but not significant in the central and western regions. By contrast, the direct impacts of hospitals and scenic spots were significantly positive in eastern China, but not significant in central and western China. In addition, the indirect impacts of the four variables were not significant in the three regions. These results suggest that in eastern China, the government may increase the requirements for using medical resources and close tourist attractions in a single city to cool down the skyrocketing housing prices in this area.     

Transforming the Way We Live Together: A Model to Move Communities From Policy to Implementation

Most cities, counties, and neighborhoods are not designed for an aging population. By providing a range of services to all residents, Lifelong Communities allow individuals to age in place. Although the Lifelong Communities Initiative is based on established guiding principles, little information exists regarding the realities of moving from policy to implementation. The Atlanta Regional Commission conducted a case study in Mableton, Georgia, and found successful implementation requires a combination of support from local citizen groups and government. The Atlanta Regional Commission is replicating these best practices in other communities and providing support to those aspiring to launch or expand Lifelong Communities.     

国外“房价收入比”研究：起源、测量与应用

从起源、测量、应用等角度,系统梳理了国外房价收入比的研究文献。研究发现:房价收入比演化于、并优于住房支出收入;房价收入比测量的多样性取决于房价和收入测量方法的多样性,以及房价收入比均衡模型的不同;房价收入比主要应用于住房支付能力和房地产泡沫研究。房价收入比计算的规范化、均衡模型的集成化以及实证的多角化将成为进一步的研究方向。     

借鉴美国成功经验发展我国住房抵押贷款保险市场

针对目前我国个人住房抵押贷款市场的现状,提出发展住房抵押贷款保险来规避风险。美国发达的住房抵押贷款市场很大程度上得益于抵押贷款保险市场的发展,其运行模式值得我们借鉴。通过分析国内现行的抵押贷款保险体系中存在的问题,提出了发展住房按揭保险的一些建议、想法,以促进个人住房抵押贷款的良性发展,推动住房商品化的顺利进行。     

市场化转型下的住房不平等——基于CGSS2006调查数据

基于CGSS2006调查数据,运用多层线性模型分析方法,揭示了市场化改革对住房不平等程度,以及住房资源分配机制的影响作用。研究表明,在地区层面,地区市场化的推进虽然有效提高居民的住房水平,但在一定时期内也拉大住房资源分配的贫富差距,地区市场化水平与住房不平等程度之间存在倒“U”型曲线关系;在个体层面,体制内外职工的住房差异已不显著,但政治精英在住房资源的占有上更具优势。     

过渡司法:联合国和国际社会对系统性或大规模侵犯人权的回应

过渡司法最初是指一个国家由非民主体制过渡到民主体制后,对旧政府侵犯人权行为的处理。冷战结束和东欧剧变之后,这一概念又被用来指战争或冲突结束后,如何追究过去的种种暴行。近年来,一些发达国家政府对历史上受主流社会欺侮、压迫的群体采取的道歉与赔偿等补救措施,也被称之为过渡司法。联合国以及国际社会为此设计了多种机制,包括起诉、赔偿、真相调查、机构改革和人事清查等。总之,过渡司法就是对系统性或大规模人权侵犯的回应。过渡司法的精髓不在于提出某种本体论意义上特殊的正义/司法理念,而是要提供一种方法论,以调和正义理想与政治现实之间的张力,而且它强调的不是一种绝对的正义理念和一以贯之的司法模式。     

宅基地使用权取得的法律结构

关于宅基地使用权的取得,《物权法》存在法律漏洞。填补这一漏洞的方式为类推关于土地承包经营权的法律规则,设定该权利取得的法律结构。农户取得宅基地使用权的法律结构以农村村民的成员权为逻辑基点,以合同机制为逻辑线索,具体构成为:农村村民行使成员权与其所属集体经济组织签订的宅基地使用权合同,该物权合同以行政审核与审批为生效要件,宅基地使用权因合同生效而当然设立,不需要履行登记等其他程序。     

住房价格上涨与其影响因素之间的关系研究——基于VEC模型的实证分析

通过建立向量误差修正模型,对中国近年来住房价格持续上涨的原因进行了分析。结果表明,土地价格的快速上涨、金融对房地产业的过度支持以及在住房价格继续上涨预期刺激下的投机因素是中国住房价格上涨过快的主要原因。近年来中国住房价格的持续快速上涨在很大程度上是一种泡沫现象。