Simulating random variables using moment-generating functions and the saddlepoint approximation

When we are given only a transform such as the moment-generating function of a distribution, it is rare that we can efficiently simulate random variables. Possible approaches such as the inverse transform using numerical inversion of the transform are computationally very expensive. However, the saddlepoint approximation is known to be exact for the Normal, Gamma, and inverse Gaussian distribution and remarkably accurate for a large number of others. We explore the efficient use of the saddlepoint approximation for simulating distributions and provide three examples of the accuracy of these simulations.     

Pricing arithmetic Asian option under a two-factor stochastic volatility model with jumps

This paper presents an efficient Monte Carlo simulation scheme based on the variance reduction methods to evaluate arithmetic average Asian options in the context of the double Heston's stochastic volatility model with jumps. This paper consists of two essential parts. The first part presents a new flexible stochastic volatility model, namely, the double Heston model with jumps. In the second part, by combining two variance reduction procedures via Monte Carlo simulation, we propose an efficient Monte Carlo simulation scheme for pricing arithmetic average Asian options under the double Heston model with jumps. Numerical results illustrate the efficiency of our method.     

Estimation of parameters of SDE driven by fractional Brownian motion with polynomial drift

ABSTRACT

Strongly consistent and asymptotically normal estimators of the Hurst index and volatility parameters of solutions of stochastic differential equations with polynomial drift are proposed. The estimators are based on discrete observations of the underlying processes.     

中国股票市场波动率的多重分形分析与实证

我国股票市场波动表现出随时间变化的动态特征。文章采用多重消除趋势波动分析法(MFDFA),对沪深股市四个主要指数的日波动率时间序列进行了分析。结果表明,沪深股市四个主要指数的日波动率时间序列均表现出多重分形特征,且上证指数和中证500指数日波动率序列相对于其他两个指数日波动率序列表现出更强的多重分形特征。各指数日波动率时间序列的多重分形特征均是自身的长程相关性和波动的厚尾分布共同作用的结果,且波动的厚尾分布对原始序列的多重分形特征的影响比长程相关性大。     

基于混频数据模型的宏观经济对股票市场波动的长期动态影响研究

股票价格时间序列与宏观经济变量时间序列原始数据的不同频直接导致传统计量模型在处理宏观经济波动与股票市场波动的关系问题中产生模型误设和估计偏误。本文运用混频自回归条件异方差模型从水平值和波动率两个维度实证分析生产者价格指数、居民消费价格指数、宏观经济景气指数及同业拆借利率四个宏观经济变量对股票市场波动的长期动态影响。同时,运用主成分分析提取宏观经济第一主成分并构建一个宏观经济综合指数,进一步探究宏观经济总体状况对股票市场波动的长期影响。研究发现：股票市场已实现波动率显著地放大了股票市场的长期波动。生产者价格指数、居民消费价格指数、宏观经济景气指数的水平值和波动率均对股票市场长期波动产生显著影响;且其波动率维度呈现出较强的持续效应;同业拆借利率仅在水平值维度对股票市场波动长期成分产生微弱影响。宏观经济第一主成分和宏观综合指数的波动率对股票市场波动长期成分均具有显著的正向放大作用,但持续效应较弱;而其水平值对股票市场波动长期成分的影响虽然微弱,但持续时间较长。     

中国沪深股市的开盘效应与收盘效应

股票市场的日历效应历来受到学者和投资者的广泛关注,研究发现股市存在节日效应、月份效应与周内效应,但是针对日内效应的研究不多见.利用沪深股指2004年~2016年的高频数据,实证检验中国沪深股市是否存在日内效应,结果表明:中国沪深股市整体上存在开盘效应与收盘效应,但在牛市、熊市期间的表现形式存在差异,股指收益在牛市期间表现出正向开盘效应,在熊市期间表现出负向开盘效应,股指波动在熊市期间的开盘效应更为明显.基于滚动窗口法的进一步研究发现:股指收益开盘效应和收盘效应的变化领先于股指走势的变化,股指收益和波动的开盘效应或收盘效应存在一定程度的替代现象.研究有助于投资者合理地制定投资策略,对监管部门维护市场秩序具有一定的参考价值.     

Affine LIBOR models driven by real-valued affine processes

The class of affine LIBOR models is appealing since it satisfies three central requirements of interest rate modeling. It is arbitrage-free, interest rates are nonnegative, and caplet and swaption prices can be calculated analytically. In order to guarantee nonnegative interest rates affine LIBOR models are driven by nonnegative affine processes, a restriction that makes it hard to produce volatility smiles. We modify the affine LIBOR models in such a way that real-valued affine processes can be used without destroying the nonnegativity of interest rates. Numerical examples show that in this class of models, pronounced volatility smiles are possible.     

论汉魏六朝仪式歌辞的文化功能与传播特点

仪式歌辞是为满足封建王朝各种仪式活动需要而创作音乐歌辞,因其满足仪式活动之需的特殊功能,内容上强调其与仪式活动符号象征的一致性,形式上多采用典雅的四言正格,在传播方式上呈现出程序性、依附性、组织性和共时性特点。仪式歌辞特殊的文化功能和传播特点决定了其传播效果的局限性,在传播范围的拓展性、传播时间的延续性方面均不能与娱乐歌辞相比,人们对仪式歌辞的接受,也主要是从其内容的“象征图式”和“意象结构”出发的,是否美听悦耳不是接受重点。     

Intraday Serial Correlation,Volatility, and Jump: Evidence from China's Stock Market

In this article, we investigate the relationships among intraday serial correlation, jump-robust volatility, positive and negative jumps based on Shanghai composite index high frequency data. We implement variance ratio test to quantify intraday serial correlation. We also measure the continuous part of realized volatility using jump-robust MedRV estimator and disentangle positive and negative jumps using Realized Downside Risk Measure and Realized Upside Potential Measure proposed by Bi et al., (2013 Bi, T., Zhang, B., Wu, H. (2013). Measuring downside risk using high frequency data–realized downside risk measure. Communications in Statistics–Simulation and Computation 42(4):741–754.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). We find that intraday serial correlation are positively correlated with jump-robust volatility and negatively correlated with negative jumps which confirm the LeBaron effect.     

基于家庭策略的贫困代际传递治理

家庭是贫困治理的社会基础,有效阻断贫困的代际传递是贫困治理的重要方式。基于家庭策略的视野,通过对两个贫困家庭在减贫过程中不同减贫方式的分析与比较,探讨家庭策略如何被自主运用来解决贫困问题。研究发现,“反馈模式”的代际关系下,多子女所带来的路径可选择性与关系灵活性让家庭有更大空间采用有效的家庭策略,以“代内合力”和“代际合力”为一部分子女的成长和发展提供更充分的资源及“资源变现”的空间与条件,从而为实现“家庭减贫”创造机会。在巩固脱贫成果和实现乡村振兴进程中,家庭作用的有效发挥能充分激发家庭自我发展的内生动力,从而实现脱贫致富。