影响油菜产量主导因子的研究

据1980～1992年多个新品种（系）13年定位资料，从垂直面上，采用逐步回归分析得到：影响早、中熟两大类型油菜经济产量的主导因子都是菌核病。成熟期病株率（X4）与产量（Y）的最优回归方程为；Y早=166．4061－1．1504X4Y中=163．506－1．3345X4两类型油菜多年平均籽粒产量相差3．73公斤（t＝1．98，P＞0．05），日产量0．005公斤／亩·日（t＝0．57，P＞0．05），差异不显著。中熟型菌核病株率比早熟型轻7．58个百分点，但早熟型生育期短8．45天。文中对各经济性状进行了比较。为此，建议生产上注意适当扩大早熟类型的比例，同时指出采用简易有效的控制菌核病的新途径的紧迫性。     

嫖宿幼女罪存与废之立法选择

我国刑法中的嫖宿幼女罪在立法上与其他相近罪名存在重叠现象,法定刑设置不甚合理,导致司法适用上存在争议,并引起嫖宿幼女罪存与废的讨论。我国刑法中有必要保留嫖宿幼女罪,在司法适用中存在的争议应当依赖立法完善予以解决。     

Frequency and Types of Partner Violence Among Mexican American College Women

Objective and Participants: The authors studied the prevalence of partner violence, by type, among Mexican American college women aged 18 to 35 years (N = 149; response rate = 85%). Results: Twelve percent of women who reported a dating partner in the past year were physically or sexually assaulted, 12.1% were stalked, and 9.1% scored as psychologically abused. Among those experiencing partner violence, almost half experienced stalking and 89% reported psychological abuse. Few women (25%) who experienced physical violence believed violence was a problem in their relationship. Conclusions: Partner violence was prevalent in this population, and participants experienced many forms of violence. Because few women experiencing physical violence report that violence is a problem in their relationship, interventions must address perceptions of violence and its impact on women's mental and physical health in college populations.     

Discursive and institutional intersections: women,health and law in modern India

While important foci of feminist legal jurisprudence have highlighted the patriarchal bias in the areas of legal theory, sexuality, race, and violence, an important area that has received little attention is the interface between health law, gender, and power, particularly in the context of post-colonial societies. This paper explores these concepts in contemporary India, the underlying idea being that health is as much an issue of violence as violence is an issue of health, and both carry critical implications for the gender power configurations in society. This discussion is framed in the interstices between the Indian state and the women's movement that have interfaced in fashioning law as a critical instrument of social change and women's empowerment. Several assumptions foreground this paper: Firstly, culture is the ground upon which gender and power dynamics play out in any society. Secondly, law is also taken to be one of the sites of cultural engagement and is very much embedded in and the product of prevailing values, norms, and practices; it is not outside culture. And lastly, although this paper is India-specific, it raises issues which have cross-national resonance, particularly in the South Asian context.     

美国刑事诉讼中强奸被害人的保护及其启示

在美国,强奸被害人在诉讼中处于被歧视的处境,这主要是因为强奸的立法和司法是建立在偏见和误解之上的。为了消除偏见和误解对强奸被害人造成的歧视,美国对强奸被害人采取了特别保护,包括制定强奸盾牌条款、允许使用特殊的专家证据、由女性及受过专门培训的人员办理强奸案件等措施。从美国对强奸被害人的保护中,可以获得两点启示：一是应该对强奸被害人实行特别保护,二是应该兼顾对被告人的保护。     

从刑法的谦抑性论“婚内强奸”

许多西方国家在立法和司法实践中,逐渐认同了“婚内强奸”行为构成强奸罪。我国对“婚内强奸”立法规定模糊不明,理论学说众说纷纭,司法实践裁决不一。根据刑法的谦抑性理念,婚内强奸应在一定范围内有限成立强奸罪。作为现代刑法的一个基本理念,刑法的谦抑性影响着刑事立法、刑事司法的各个环节。在刑事立法层面,应从刑事实体法和程序法两方面对“婚内强奸”入罪进行限制,在刑事司法层面,应从定罪和量刑两方面对“婚内强奸”入罪进行限制。     

农户油菜种植及油菜生产机械化需求意愿实证研究

近年来,由于用工成本的不断上升,我国油菜种植面积停滞不前,而食用植物油自给率不断下降,因此对油菜种植意愿和提高劳动生产率的油菜生产机械化需求意愿的研究具有重要意义。通过对10个油菜主产省份737个样本的调研,从个人及家庭特征、土地资源禀赋、商品化率、油菜籽价格、是否使用相关机械等微观角度,比较分析影响农户油菜种植及油菜生产机械化需求意愿的主要因素,并描述目前油菜生产的基本现状,最后提出相应对策建议。     

论强奸罪中的被害人同意

“未获被害人同意”是强奸罪最基本的构成要件要素。暴力、胁迫等手段是被害人不同意的外在表征。被告人排除成立强奸罪要求被害人存在同意且同意有效,同意有效首先要求判定被害人具有同意能力,然后结合暴力、胁迫等手段的强弱具体分析。据此,轻微暴力或胁迫通常不能使同意无效。     

战时诗歌的“地方性”书写——以阿垅诗歌及诗论为例

通过阿垅在《纤夫》和《地方性》等作品的“地方性”书写,探讨战时诗歌写作中的地方知识资源(嘉陵江、纤夫及大木船等)对新诗的建构意义.事实上,阿垅诗歌对“纤夫”形象的挖掘,及关于“诗人个性”与“地方性格”等新诗理论术语的探讨,可视为地方知识进入新文化格局的努力尝试.     

An examination of the disparity between self-identified versus legally identified rape victimization: A pilot study

ABSTRACT

Objective: Researchers compared rape victimization based on self-identification to the current federal legal definition in a pilot study of college students. Methods: The sample was comprised of 1,648 (69.8% female; 30.2% male) college students who completed the Sexual Experiences Survey—Short Form Victimization (SES-SFV) online. Results: Based on the current legal definition of rape, 9.4% (11.1% female; 5.2% male) of students had been raped since being enrolled, but only 2.9% of students self-identified as being raped. Moreover, 15.1% of students reported ever being raped, with females acknowledging higher rates (19.7%) than males (4.3%). Conclusions: Rape continues to be a major issue for colleges and universities. A serious concern is the disparity between the number of those who met the behavioral criteria for rape victimization based on the current legal definition, but who did not self-identify as a victim. Universities must address this disparity by using multiple measures to assess the prevalence of sexual violence on campus.