论配偶间同居义务的效力

配偶间的同居义务是配偶权的核心内容之一,关于是否确认夫妻间的同居义务,同居义务是否将导致婚内强奸的泛滥,一直困扰着理论和实务界。本文以同居义务的性质和行使的分析为基础,从同居义务的法律效力着眼,探讨了其对夫妻间侵权行为的阻却违法性效力,以及违法同居义务的法律后果等问题,指出了配偶间同居义务的特殊性,并运用利益衡量的方法就同居义务与性自由进行价值权衡,从而论证了配偶将同居义务的特殊性和正当性。     

油菜新品种绵油六号的选育

选用亲源关系远，地理差异大，适应我省生态条件的优良品种做亲本杂交，用定向选择和培育的方法育成了丰产性好、适应性广、抗逆性较强的早熟油菜品种绵油六号。     

未成年人相对负刑事责任范围的理性探求

《刑法》第17条第2款对未成年人相对负刑事责任范围的规定有若干含义不明之处,应该根据罪刑法定原则合法、合理地探求其应有的含义.该条款规定的八种犯罪应该理解为是指具体的罪名.在这八种犯罪中,"故意杀人、故意伤害致人重伤或者死亡"应该包括其他罪名的犯罪中包含或隐含有故意杀人、故意伤害致人重伤、死亡结果的犯罪;"强奸罪"应该包括刑法分则其他条文中规定的"强奸"或"奸淫"行为;"抢劫罪"应当包括三种转化型的抢劫罪;"贩卖毒品罪"不包括走私、运输、制造毒品罪;"投毒罪"应当包括修正后的投放危险物质罪.不能将这法定的八种犯罪限定为"情节特别严重"的犯罪.该条款可以增设一些其他严重的犯罪.     

论强奸罪的立法变迁

随着妇女主体意识的觉醒和社会地位的提高,强奸罪的立法理念和立法模式发生了变迁。强奸罪的保护法益由社会风化变更为性的自主权。强奸罪的主体与对象包括男女两性。丈夫身份已经不能使婚内强奸行为合法化,对于违背配偶意愿而强制性交的,应以强奸罪论处。     

婚内强奸的刑法学分析

能否在强奸罪中评价婚内强奸是目前刑事司法实践中最富争议的问题 ,刑法理论对此存肯定论与否定论的对立。强奸罪的法益应该是双重的 ,包括妇女的性权利及社会的性秩序 ,婚内强奸虽然侵犯妇女性权利 ,但并不侵犯社会的性秩序。婚内强奸因缺失强奸罪客体要件而不成立强奸罪 ,对此行为应在伤害罪或虐待罪中加以评价。     

“农业科技创新与服务”笔谈：依托科技创新与服务加快油菜产业发展方式转变

基于农业科技创新与服务是现代农业发展的重要支撑,本刊延请中国工程院官春云院士就如何依托农业科技创新与服务加快我国油菜产业发展方式转变,湖南农大科技督导团专家就转基因农作物研发,湖南省委农村工作部董成森先生就当前农业科技创新面临的问题与对策展开笔谈。官春云院士在分析我国油菜产业存在的主要问题基础上,提出要通过选育和推广油菜新品种,大力推行标准化栽培,狠抓油菜产品的精深加工,以促进油菜产业发展方式的转变。湖南农大科技督导团基于国内外转基因农作物研究的发展态势和对湖南农大的考察,认为湖南乃至全国在主要农艺性状基因发掘和功能研究、分子设计育种理论研究、完全自主知识产权的基因研究等方面存在不足,要抓住“十二五”关键时期,加强顶层设计,明确发展规划和战略重点,加大高端人才培养、引进和经费投入力度,加快植物分子设计育种研究,以尽可能抢占转基因技术研究制高点,同时高度重视转基因植物生物安全问题。董成森先生以湖南为例分析了当前农业科技创新与服务中存在的主要问题,并从树立新的农业科技观,整合农业科研资源,增加农业科技投入,培养和引进农业科技精英人才,提高农业科技成果的转化率提出了相关对策。     

Reporting Rape in a National Sample of College Women

Abstract

Background: Studies indicate that a small percentage of rapes are reported to law enforcement officials. Research also suggests that rapes perpetrated by a stranger are more likely to be reported and that rapes involving drugs and/or alcohol are less likely to be reported. College women represent a unique and understudied population with regard to reporting rape. Methods: In the current study, the authors interviewed a national sample of 2,000 college women about rape experiences in 2006. Results: Only 11.5% of college women in the sample reported their most recent/only rape experience to authorities, with only 2.7% of rapes involving drugs and/or alcohol reported. Minority status (ie, nonwhite race) was associated with lower likelihood of reporting, whereas sustaining injuries during the rape was associated with increased likelihood of reporting. Discussion: Reporting, particularly for rapes involving drugs and alcohol, is low among college women. Implications for policy are discussed.     

Perceptions of,and Assistance Provided to,a Hypothetical Rape Victim: Differences Between Rape Disclosure Recipients and Nonrecipients

Abstract

Objective: Undergraduate rape disclosure recipients’ and nonrecipients’ sociodemographic and life experience variables, attitudes towards rape, and responses to a hypothetical rape disclosure were compared to determine differences between them. Participants: One hundred ninety-two undergraduates at 3 universities participated in this online survey between November 2011 and April 2012. Methods: Participants reported on their rape myth acceptance (RMA) and personal direct and indirect (ie, disclosure receipt) experiences with sexual assault. Participants also responded to a hypothetical rape disclosure. Results: Disclosure recipients were more likely to report a victimization history, and less confusion and perceived ineffectiveness in helping the hypothetical victim. RMA and nonrecipient status predicted perceived victim responsibility; these variables and childhood victimization predicted confusion about helping. RMA also predicted perceived ineffectiveness of one's helping behaviors. Victimization history and female gender predicted victim empathy. Conclusions: These findings can inform sexual assault–related programming for undergraduates through the provision of targeted assistance and corrective information.     

嫖宿幼女罪的法理思考

案例分析发现嫖宿幼女罪判处的刑罚一般来说比强奸罪重.因此,反对嫖宿幼女罪的民众认为该罪比强奸罪判处的刑罚更轻的观点是不成立的.嫖宿幼女罪所存在的问题是逻辑上的,该罪无法回答未满14周岁的幼女究竟有没有同意性交的能力.此外,嫖宿幼女罪会遗漏不明知对方未满14周岁的行为人.解决办法是认可14周岁以下的幼女无论在何种情况下,都没有同意性交的能力,行为人与之发生性关系都构成强奸罪.     

Undergraduate Students' Reactions to Analogue Male Disclosure of Sexual Abuse

ABSTRACT

Anecdotal evidence indicates that male sexual abuse survivors fail to disclose for fear of others' reactions. This study investigated undergraduates' reactions toward a hypothetical male survivor's disclosure whose abuse occurred at age 5, 15 or 25, with a male or female offender. When age at incident was higher, the survivor was seen as less masculine, more responsible for his abuse, and the male sex role and rape myths were more strongly applied to him. Generally, women's reactions were more positive than men's. Less positive reactions were associated with disclosing to other men, abuse occurring at an older age, and a female offender.