博弈论视角下的"辛酉政变"与晚清政治格局

博弈论为我们研究历史提供了一个非常独特的、新颖的方法工具.在"辛酉政变"中,对阵博弈的一方是慈禧与奕訢领导的帝胤贵族,另一方是以肃顺为首的的宗室贵族;前者是君权的化身,后者是相权的代表.在这个过程中,西方列国介入"辛酉政变"参与博弈,并且在其中扮演了极其关键的角色,甚至起到指导性的引领作用.因此,"辛酉政变"在国内,表现为君权与相权的博弈;在对外关系上,则是妥协与固守的博弈.各方势力博弈的结果,由于慈禧、弈訢集团与西方列国的利益共存,使双方最终走上妥协与合作,从而达到晚清政治格局博弈的一种纳什均衡状态.     

How Satisfied are Spouses with their Leisure Time? Evidence from Europe

This paper first identifies the determinants of spouses’ satisfaction levels within the household with respect to their leisure time and, secondly, characterizes whether their preferences have some degree of altruistic or egoistic character in regard to this particular satisfaction. To that end, it formulates a theoretical framework from the collective family model whose stochastic formulations are estimated for 14 EU countries. The general empirical results first reveal that the presence of children has a significantly negative impact on the leisure satisfaction of both spouses. Then, increases in individual incomes lead to lower own leisure satisfaction levels. Both husbands and wives show egoistic behavior with respect to the labor and non-labor incomes (wage rate) of their respective spouses’ satisfaction levels.

定义与系统:中国哲学与西方哲学之别与结合的可能性

本文将西方哲学与古典中国哲学所重视的方向做比较。我们发现,除了墨家之外,中国古典哲学不那么重视定义,反而重视成语的使用以及思想家的高智灵感,知道在某场合中如何使用适当的语言来诠释。西方哲学重视系统的传统与印欧系语言有密切关系。西方哲学重视某物的单独存在,中国哲学则重视物与物之关连;西方追求某物的明确定义才讲它与万物的关系,中国哲学则从流动的道或太极图把物与物的彼此互相关系当作某物的不能缺乏的因素。不过,近代西方哲学已不追求定义与系统,同时张岱年先生与其它中国哲学家愿意使用定义和系统来诠释中国哲学。中西方哲学两者的碰面对哲学界有独特的贡献。     

展示与对话 ——中国当代文论发展的另一种选择

“五四”以来,以诗文评为体系的中国传统文论基本退出了文本阐释的场域。西方话语的大面积空降,在推进中国文论建设的同时,日益影响着中国文论的自主创新式发展,消解着可能的学理话语的分享式革新。中国传统文论的当代失语是时代发展和中西互通背景下的使然现象,但如果我们一味地执着于西方话语,沉迷于“普世”的理论,带来的将是比民族话语失声更严重的精神殖民。为此,我们需要积极有效地“展示”自身的传统文化精华,倡导中西方文化间进行平等和谐的“对话”,建构独具中国特色的美学话语与文论体系。     

Consequences of religious and secular boundaries among the majority population for perceived discrimination among Muslim minorities in Western Europe

While the concept of symbolic boundaries and ethnic boundary-making is well established in social research, the direct consequences of these boundaries for the integration of migrants have not received much attention. This paper thus analyses whether religious and secular boundaries of national belonging among the majority population have an impact on perceived discrimination among Muslim minorities in Western Europe. To analyse this linkage, data from the International Social Survey Programme measuring the importance of religion as a symbolic boundary of national belonging among the majority have been aggregated as a regional context condition and combined with a Muslim minority subsample from the European Social Survey. The results of the multilevel models reveal that the salience of religious boundaries is associated with less perceived discrimination among Muslim minorities, while secular orientations among the majority seem to be more decisive for subjective perceptions of feeling discriminated against. Overall, the results thus challenge the role of religion as an ethno-religious demarcation and point to the relevance of secular boundaries of belonging for immigrant integration.     

中西人文教育和科学教育的历史嬗变及启示

中西传统教育思想对人文教育和科学教育的重视程度是不同的,其形成的原因也是多方面的.文章拟从中西对人、自然和社会关系的不同认识方面,分析比较两种教育思想观念的历史成因及其偏失,以期促进科学教育和人文教育的融合,对人的全面发展有所裨益.     

两种理论视野下的西欧穆斯林政治参与问题探析

20世纪60年代以来,穆斯林已经成为西欧社会不容忽视的现实存在,但是在政治参与方面,穆斯林远未能有效参与西欧各国的政治进程。穆斯林人口在种族、经济地位等方面的多样性是其有效参与政治的内在障碍。从资源动员理论和政治机会结构理论的分析可以发现,穆斯林对公民权、政治精英、参政渠道等政治资源的占有不足,加之欧洲殖民心理遗产的影响、欧洲的世俗化政策、伊斯兰恐惧症、外部穆斯林世界的影响等多种因素,共同构成了影响穆斯林广泛参与西欧政治生活的重要原因。     

邵飘萍新闻思想形成原因探析

邵飘萍是＂五四＂时期著名报人,其新闻思想在当时报人中颇具代表性。邵飘萍新闻思想的形成,不仅与他所处的时代思潮动荡、媒介之力量萌生有关,也与邵氏的个人秉性、丰富的新闻实践经历、对西方新闻思想的接受有关。     

Differences and similarities in monetary benefits for informal care in old and new EU member states

This article presents an overview of the monetary benefits available in the context of long‐term care provided by family or other informal carers in 11 old and 10 new EU member states. All but one country in our sample offer at least some monetary benefits that can be used to help finance informal care. Old EU member states tend to direct benefits to individuals in need of care, whereas new EU member states place more emphasis on benefits for carers. Among new EU member states, monetary benefits are less often means‐tested and tend to be lower compared with benefits in old EU member states. Because social policies in many countries increasingly rely on monetary benefits rather than on benefits in kind and because the share of informal care in the overall provision of elderly care will scarcely decline, monetary benefit incentives for labour market participation need to be carefully monitored.     

西方地缘政治学说演进特点论析

西方地缘政治学说的百年演进具有思维观念和地理视野趋于完整的特点,地理因素逐渐由国际政治的"决定者"演变成"影响者",深受科学技术发展和国际形势变化的影响,两种不同视角的地缘政治学说命运迥异,整个学说体系具有一定的学理性和鲜明的实践性等特点。