Exploring the use of hip hop music in participatory research studies that involve youth

This article explores the use of hip hop in participatory research studies. The article was informed by a research process that explored the identity construction process of female late adolescents who identified strongly with hip hop music. Hip hop music constituted an integral component of the research process, as it was used to stimulate participation. It was also used to prompt reflection and engagement with the Self. Participatory research methods, namely drawings and lyric inquiry, were used in conjunction with hip hop music to elicit narrative data. The findings illustrate that the use of hip hop music was beneficial as it prompted profound engagement with the Self. Hip hop music provided the participants with spaces within which they could reflect on and articulate the continual, interactional and situational dimensions of their lives. These reflections ultimately initiated agency, as it prompted them to contemplate empowerment and liberation. As such, we argue that hip hop music can serve as transformative data-generation stimulus in participatory research projects involving adolescents who identify with this genre.     

Persistence and desistance in heavy cannabis use: the role of identity,agency, and life events

Many cannabis users ‘mature out’ of their drug use, and factors of cannabis use cessation have been identified. However, very little in-depth knowledge is available about the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Criminological studies have gained interesting insights in desistance from crime, yet these perspectives are rarely used in drug research. This qualitative, three-year longitudinal study explored the processes involved in desistance from frequent cannabis use for young adults. Using a narrative approach, desisters (frequent users who successfully quit their cannabis use) and persisters (frequent users with a persistent desire and unsuccessful attempts to quit) were compared. In the course of the study, desisters mainly exhibited increasing agency and goal setting, established strategies to achieve these goals, and could envision another self. Desistance was generally induced by life events that became turning points. Persisters experienced largely similar events, but lacked goals and strategies and held external factors responsible for their life course and failed quit attempts. Identity change is at the core of desistance from frequent cannabis use, and the meaning-giving to life events and experiences is essential. Agency is a necessary ingredient for desistance, develops over time and through action, and leads to a new drug-free identity with desistance in turn increasing agency.     

Cleansing violence in the Tajik Civil War: framing from the dark side of democracy

This paper examines the violence in the Tajik Civil War (1992–1997). The actions of both sides mimicked ethnic cleansing as civilian settlements were targeted. The fragmented ethno-regional identities of the republic had historically lived together peacefully, so this style of violence was unanticipated. However, its patterns resemble similar events in the past 40 years that have been examined by other scholars. By conceptualizing it as a modern phenomenon that can be compared to, I develop a better understanding of this form of violence in the Tajik Civil War and place it within scholarly work on ethnic cleansing.     

内地汉姓维吾尔翦氏家族源流

本文以文献资料与主体访谈记录对应,考释常德维吾尔翦氏家族源流;阐明士族世家之政治抱负、经世致用之理念与家国使命感的沿袭性。论析族性族源认同与政治历史认同同存并重,质疑王明珂关于族源历史记忆的利益资源选择特性之论断。认为在中间圈、边缘圈内,当地土著、世居族体构成地方势力的核心圈层,此与族属历史通常吻合。主张边缘研究在承认文化传播、接触与融合所生成的文化同质或相似性的重要性时,需要认识从边缘看中心的意义及避免现代行政边界概念。     

回汉杂居社区伊斯兰社会文化空间的构建——以滇中纳古镇为例

散杂居民族地区是中国"大杂居,小聚居"民族分布格局的重要组成部分。既有的宗教地理研究关注于特定社会情境下族群或宗教团体间所发生的空间冲突和博弈,而缺乏对族际和谐交往过程中的宗教文化空间的研究。通过对滇中纳古镇一个回汉杂居社区的考察发现,不但在回族为主体的穆斯林群体内部可以形成稳定的伊斯兰社会文化空间,而且在回汉族际交往的过程中,这一社会文化空间也会得到进一步扩展,同时也形成了族际间和平共享公共空间的格局。历史时期的回族文化主体地位,当代回族经济实体的强大,以及回汉在宗教信仰上的相互尊重,都使得伊斯兰文化成为纳古社区的文化表征和化解族际之间文化隔阂的有效途径。     

Counting inclusion with Chantal Mouffe: a radical democratic approach to intellectual disability research

As mandates for social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities remain unfulfilled, many scholars question whether the concept of inclusion is to blame. Critics worry that quantitative measurements of inclusion miss what should count: a meaningful life gained from a sense of belonging. We argue that both concepts – inclusion and belonging – embody a communitarian ethos in which citizens mirror the values of their community. In contrast, Chantal Mouffe’s radical democratic approach to inclusion emphasizes the importance of difference and the inevitability of exclusion. Mouffe thus offers a way to broaden our approach to social inclusion in the twenty-first century.     

Why does organizational identification relate to reduced employee burnout? The mediating influence of social support and collective efficacy

Although prior studies have consistently shown that organizational identification can reduce employees' stress and burnout, little is known about the mediating processes that underlie this relationship. Against this backdrop and building on recent theoretical work on the social identity model of stress, the present research tests a two-step mediation model for the organizational identification–burnout link. Specifically, it is hypothesized that employees who strongly identify with their organization are particularly likely to receive social support from their colleagues. This, in turn, should promote a sense of collective efficacy and, as a consequence, negatively relate to burnout. Data from a study with 192 Italian high schoolteachers supported the hypotheses.     

社会主义核心价值观融入学校教育的重要意义

社会主义核心观是我国居于统治、主导地位的价值观,它是影响我国学校教育人才培养质量规格预期的核心要素,将它融入我国学校教育是保证人才培养质量所必需。社会主义核心价值观融入学校教育是青年学生认同民族文化的基本条件,它合乎我国教育目的的价值预期。我国经济体制变革、社会结构变动、利益格局调整、思想观念变化,使我国面临三方面矛盾：价值多元及其诉求多样化冲击社会核心价值观念;经济全球化、产业国际化危及国家意识形态安全;消费主义文化消解我国文化安全意识。化解这些矛盾,必须强化社会主义核心价值观融入学校教育。     

The insertion of Roma in Sénart Project (2000–2007): a local minority-targeted affirmative action following in the footsteps of the French republican citizenship model

Between 2000 and 2007, 34 Romanian families living in shanty towns in a Parisian suburb participated in a local group-specific social integration project. A socio-anthropological study was undertaken 2 years after it ended, including documentary analysis of its archives, interviews with its beneficiaries and the professionals involved and ethnography among three families with distinct integration histories. Using the analysis of the project’s implementation and outcomes, this article sheds light on how exceptional acts of minority identity recognition – sporadic and on a case-by-case basis – were ultimately functional in the performance of a republican redistributive policy on individual access to rights and resources based on the denial of racialised inequalities.     

Boundaries of Frenchness: cultural citizenship and France’s middle-class North African second-generation

Based on 45 interviews in the Paris metropolitan area, I focus on the middle-class segment of France’s North African second-generation and use the framework of cultural citizenship to explain why these individuals continue to experience symbolic exclusion despite their attainment of a middle-class status. Even though they are successful in terms of professional and educational accomplishments and are assimilated by traditional measures, they nonetheless feel excluded from mainstream French society. Because of this exclusion, they do not feel they are perceived as full citizens. I also discuss how this segment of France’s second-generation draws boundaries around being French and how they relate to these boundaries. Despite their citizenship and their ties to France, they are often perceived as foreigners and have their ‘Frenchness’ contested by their compatriots. I argue they are denied cultural citizenship, because of their North African ethnic origin, which would allow them to be accepted by others as part of France. Applying cultural citizenship as an analytical framework provides an understanding of the socio-cultural realities of being a minority and reveals how citizenship operates in everyday life.