Professor mom: Woman's work in a man's world

This essay identifies parallels between the traits assigned to gender work roles and the teaching/research division of labor at research universities. The character and definition of undergraduate teaching at research universities is very similar to what has often been described as women's work.     

Homework and domestic work

This study assesses two competing theories about the extent to which homework—paid work in the home—helps integrate work and domestic roles for men and women. Contrasting male and female homeworkers with their counterparts working outside the home, it supports some aspects of both the resource and role overload theories, but predominantly the role overload perspective. Homeworkers, especially in the working class, experience less interference between job and family life, but perform more housework and child care. They have no more leisure time nor greater marital satisfaction than those working outside the home, but receive more family assistance with their paid jobs, suggesting that they combine tasks from their first and second shifts. Working at home does not break down gender roles in domestic life. Despite time saved from commuting, male homeworkers perform no more housework than comparable men working outside the home. Thus, the gender division of unpaid household labor is not simply a matter of resources or spatial logistics.An earlier version was presented at the meetings of the Eastern Sociological Society, Providence, Rhode Island, April 1991.     

Financial management: Development of scales

This study is a contribution to the development of family resource management scales, specifically financial management scales. Principal axis factor analysis, with varimax rotation, is used to assess underlying relationships in 23 family resource management variables related to time and money resources. Reliability and content, construct, and criterion-related validity of the scales are assessed. Two scales that are reliable and have some degree of validity are developed: frequency of financial problems and frequency of financial management. The scales could be used in future research, teaching, or counseling to organize financial management concepts.Preparation of this research was supported in part by the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station. Data were collected in conjunction with the cooperative regional research project NC-182, Family Resource Utilization as a Factor in Determining Economic Well-Being of Rural Families. Cooperating states are Arizona, California, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, and Minnesota.She received her Ph.D. from the University of Illinois; her current research interests include gender roles, family financial management, and economic well-being.Her current research interests include family financial management and consumer bankruptcy. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Missouri.Her current research interests include the economic well-being of various family forms. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Illinois.She received her Ph.D. from the University of Illinois. Her research interests are economic well-being and quality of life.     

Call My Bluff: Multiple Interpretations of an Organizational Process

This paper attempts to illustrate the value of interpreting organizational processes from a variety of perspectives. It demonstrates that this approach reflects the natural richness of organization and avoids the rather blinkered search for single-paradigm explanations. It does not seek to offer the answer, but rather some possible insights. By combining both actor and researcher frames, it sheds light upon a particular process of social interaction within an organization. Both the context, an NHS trust hospital, and the content, a significant change scenario, brings richness and relevance to the debate.
The paper outlines the macro and micro context before focusing on the interpretative methodological approach. The research involved collecting and analysing over thirty hours of taped, semi-structured interview discourse with senior and middle management and some junior staff. After describing the change initiative, an attempt at multi-skilling and the response of recipient actors to the proposals, the paper outlines three readings which seek to explain the events that occurred. The reader is invited to play the game 'Call my Bluff' and to choose the scenario that represents the most plausible explanation. The three interpretative frames employed are a managerial, a cultural and a political perspective. The paper concludes by raising some important issues in research, organizational change and the NHS.     

儿童运动看护家庭嵌入支持策略探索

学龄前儿童的身体健康与家庭教育一直是国家和社会的关切焦点,通过家庭嵌入的运动看护可以更好的促进学龄前儿童身心健康发展。本文运用文献资料法及系统科学思想,提出了相应的支持策略：重视家庭教育与看护培训,构建儿童运动看护发展动力源;提供心理支持与健康监督,保障儿童运动看护整体科学性;推进家校共育与信息共享,搭建儿童运动看护家校平台;完善社区参与与家庭融合,促进儿童运动看护持续协调发展。     

家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系：安全型依恋的中介作用和性别的调节作用

基于McMaster家庭功能模式理论和依恋理论,选取392名小班幼儿为被试,通过问卷调查探讨家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系,并检验安全型依恋的中介效应和性别的调节效应。结果显示,家庭功能、亲社会行为、安全型依恋两两之间均呈现显著的正相关。安全型依恋在家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系中起着部分中介作用。性别显著调节家庭功能与亲社会行为之间的关系。具体而言,家庭功能显著正向影响女性幼儿的亲社会行为,但对男性幼儿亲社会行为的影响并不显著。     

贵德三屯民间文化调查报告

调查报告以实地考察为依据,结合文献资料、历史遗迹,对贵德三屯的历史、民间信仰、风俗民情及地域文化特点等进行了较为系统的考述,并对其成因作了初步分析,由此勾勒出“贵德三屯”文化的形成、传承和变迁的历史轮廓。     

非工作时间连通行为对幼儿园教师工作压力的影响：工作-生活冲突的中介和编制身份的调节作用

为探讨非工作时间连通行为与幼儿园教师工作压力的关系及其内在机制,选取浙江省某3市的幼儿园教师244名,使用非工作时间连通行为量表、教师工作压力量表、工作-生活冲突量表进行调查。结果发现：非工作时间连通行为与幼儿园教师工作压力呈显著正相关;工作-生活冲突在非工作时间连通行为与幼儿园教师工作压力间起中介作用;编制身份能够调节非工作时间连通行为与工作压力的关系。基于此,幼儿园管理者应当为幼儿园教师划定工作-生活界限,赋予教师“离线权”;避免身份偏见,合理分配工作任务;明确幼儿园教师职业定位,回归教育本身。     

家庭环境对幼儿学习品质发展的影响——基于34项实证研究的元分析

学习品质是帮助幼儿获得积极学业成就的内在机制,家庭环境是影响幼儿学习品质发展的重要因素。为了深入探究幼儿学习品质与家庭因素之间的关系,本研究运用CMA3.7软件对34项实证研究的相关文献进行元分析。研究结果显示,幼儿学习品质与家庭因素呈现显著正相关。不同学习品质纬度与家庭因素的相关程度存在差异。从高到低排序为：想象与创造、坚持与专注、反思与解释、主动性、好奇心与兴趣。具体而言,家庭经济条件、父母参与程度以及家庭投入与支持对幼儿学习品质发展有显著影响。此外,性别与年龄对幼儿学习品质不同纬度的发展水平具有显著调节效应。主要教育建议：家长应在幼儿学习品质发展的关键时期给予关注,重视与幼儿的亲子互动,提高家庭支持和投入力度,并根据幼儿的个性特点有针对性地培养,从而促进其学习品质均衡发展。     

非农职业经历、土地流转对家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性的影响效应

基于陕西省564户种植业家庭农场微观调研数据,在考虑样本选择偏差和家庭农场异质性基础上,采用倾向匹配得分(PSM)模型探究非农职业经历对家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性的净效应,并运用中介效应模型分析土地流转视角下非农职业经历影响家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性的作用机理。研究发现:非农职业经历对家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性具有显著正向影响,具有高中及以上学历、高龄农场主非农职业经历对农业生产生态自觉性的影响效应较为显著;非农职业经历通过扩大土地流转规模和延长土地流转期限提高家庭农场主农业生产生态自觉性,且土地流转规模的中介效应影响更大。因此,政府应完善具备非农职业经历群体返乡创业激励机制,加大对家庭农场等新型经营主体农业生态生产政策支持力度,并适度推进土地流转规模扩张及土地流转期限长期化,推动农业生产可持续发展。