农村青年生育观念的演变逻辑——以豫东与豫西南的农区为例

本文以豫东和豫西南农区的农村青年为研究对象,通过个案研究发现农村青年生育观念的演变存在与经济发展相悖的现象,接着分析了计划生育政策实施以来,村民与村干部之间围绕生育越轨行为的理性博弈变化过程,指出双方经历了由对抗到“合谋”的转变。然后,本文分析了影响农村青年生育观念演变的因素,进而提出了强化农村青年树立少生优生的科学合理的生育观念的两点建议。     

应用写作教学的新取向

应用写作能力是现代人的基本能力之一。新时期的应用写作教学，应重视应用写作基础理论的学习，加强教学例文库的建设，鼓励学生“摹写”，组织专项活动，强化写作的实践性。     

The policies of unemployment protection in Europe

The abundant literature on welfare state policies, regimes or ‘worlds’ has been only limitedly interested in unemployment protection, and even less in youth unemployment protection. What is clearly lacking in the literature is an updated analysis of the most recent policies developed in European countries targeting youth. This mini‐symposium aims to fill in this gap by presenting findings from an EU‐funded research project entitled ‘Youth, Unemployment and Exclusion in Europe: A Multidimensional Approach to Understanding the Conditions and Prospects for Social and Political Integration of Young Unemployed’ (YOUNEX). The main aim of the research endeavour was to develop theory and contribute to empirical knowledge concerning the social and political exclusion of unemployed youth in Europe.     

Coordinating Theory,Evidence, and Practice:

Concern about the harmful effects of industrial toxins has resulted in growing numbers of citizens fighting against toxic exposure in their communities. This paper describes key concepts derived from theories used to examine collective action in response to the threat of toxic exposure. These concepts are defined, synthesized into a theoretical framework, and illustrated. The framework provides an organizing perspective that social workers can use to respond to the problem of toxic exposure. The framework is one step toward advancing theory and research for organizing communities to respond to toxic exposure and other social problems when collective action is a viable response.     

The Community Development for Healthy Children Initiative

Abstract

An increasing interest in positive youth development has led to the creation and expansion of programs and initiatives related to youth involvement and engagement. This article focuses on the Community Development for Healthy Children initiative, which envisions making Kansas the best state in the nation in which to raise a child. The initiative includes three primary strategies: A multi-media campaign; technical assistance and support to local communities; and mini-grant opportunities. The paper provides examples of activities from across the state that promote youth involvement. Outcomes across four areas are examined, and the benefits and challenges of this initiative are also discussed.     

Gay Youth

Abstract

In recent years there has been a growing awareness among parents and social service professionals of the complex sexual identity development of adolescents. Despite this, adolescents continue to struggle to define their sexual identity. Gay and lesbian adolescents in particular are at risk for a host of problems, including substance abuse and suicide. In this context it is important for social service researchers to study adolescent sexual identity and to report their findings in such a way as to be accessible to professionals and to the public.     

青年政治社会化的内在心理机制及激发

社会化是个体融入社会、适应社会的必经过程。青年是社会的未来,政治社会化是青年社会化的核心。青年政治社会化是在自身的内化机制和外在教化因素的共同作用下完成的,内在的心理机制是青年政治社会化的关键。青年政治社会化的内在心理机制由认知的三个层次和四个过程体现。激发青年政治社会化内在心理机制要重视"注意"心理因素、政治认知能力、政治实践的重要作用,同时,坚持外部教育因素传播的政治信息内容的前后一致性和刺激的持续性。     

A longitudinal study of depressiveness in children in public care

Rajhvajn Bulat L. A longitudinal study of depressiveness in children in public care Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 412–423 © 2009 The Author, Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. The aim of this article is to analyse the challenges involved when making longitudinal observations of depressiveness in children raised in public care. The first measurement comprised 375 children from children's homes and foster families; however, most of the results are based on an analysis of the 139 children who participated in both parts of the research. We used the Child Depression Inventory and the anxiety/depression subscales of Youth Self Report and Child Behaviour Checklist as measures of depressiveness. The comparison of results from the first and second measurements showed that depressiveness in children in public care decreased over time. Children who grew up in children homes were, in the first measurement, more depressed than those living in foster families, but after five years that difference had disappeared. Furthermore, decrease in depressiveness is predominantly associated with less frequent delinquent, aggressive or hyperactive behaviour, less withdrawal and better control over uncomfortable emotions.     

Perception of Substance Use Problems in Asian American Communities by Chinese,Indian, and Vietnamese American Youth

SUMMARY

The study was a cross-sectional survey using a convenience sample of 87 Asian American youth respondents to examine their perceptions of substance use problems in the Asian American community. The authors examined respondents' perceptions of the severity of substance use problems in the Asian American community, perceived characteristics of persons with problems of substance use, perceived etiology of substance use problems, beliefs about treatment, perceived help-seeking preferences and helpful services. The youth demonstrated an increased awareness of the severity of substance use problems in the community, although such awareness was more prominent for drinking problems than drug use problems. Respondents showed a positive attitude toward treatment, although such an attitudinal change was not yet accompanied by a change in their behavioral preferences. Findings suggested a tendency for Asian American youth respondents to utilize personal resources rather than professional help or formal treatment programs in response to substance use problems. In addition, respondents shared similar “myths” of Asian problem drinkers and drug users. Implications for developing culturally relevant interventions for prevention and treatment as well as future research are discussed.     

论邓小平的青年观

邓小平的青年观揭示了正确认识和对待青年的一系列原则和观点，是邓小平理论的重要组成部分，是做好青年工作的理论基础。文章从青年工作战略、青年思想政治教育、青年人才培养三个角度概述了邓小平的青年观。