近代山东宗法性传统宗教活动的延续与盛行

宗法性传统宗教包括自然崇拜、人物崇拜以及祭祀、占卜、巫术等,它与等级社会制度相始终。近代山东正处于一个君主专制政体逐渐解体的过程中,这种宗法性传统宗教活动也呈现出逐渐衰微的态势。     

Random stopping sets in a sequential analysis of random measures and fields

A random stopping set is defined and some of its properties are proved. Namely, we prove the theorem on the absolute continuity of measures on a σ-algebra F_τ connected with a random stopping set τ, which can be applied to the sequential analysis of random measures and fields.     

Iterated Partial Sum Sequences of Regression Residuals and Tests for Changepoints with Continuity Constraints

Iterated partial sum sequences of regression least squares residuals are defined and large sample properties of sequences of stochastic processes defined by these iterated partial sums are discussed. Also, finite sample properties of the iterated partial sum sequences are obtained. These include a property of least squares residuals of polynomial fits to equispaced data, namely the iterated partial sums sum to 0 provided that the order of iteration is not greater than the order of the polynomial, thus extending the well-known result that residuals sum to 0. Iterated partial sums are shown to play an important role in testing regression parameters for changes at unknown times under the constraint of continuity.     

中断还是延续：对二十世纪中国文学启蒙性的理解

八十年代中期二十世纪中国文学启蒙性问题提出以后,普遍认为这种启蒙在四十年代以后相当长的一个时期被中断。西方思想界对于启蒙的理解为我们考察二十世纪中国文学的启蒙性提供了启示:启蒙始终是二十世纪中国文学的基本主题。     

论福柯非历史主义的历史观

由于连续的历史观假定主体具有先验奠基和构造事物的作用 ,所以 ,对坚持起源、连续性和总体性这三个论题的历史主义进行批判 ,是福柯反对近代先验意识哲学的理论前提。虽然都批判了以黑格尔历史主义为理论基础的西方总体化的理性过程 ,但福柯与韦伯、马克思、霍克海默和哈贝马斯等人之间还是存在着颇多歧异。福柯所谓的“真实的历史”实是一种否定事物的本质起源并强调历史过程的间断性和个体化的非历史主义的历史。     

Midwife-led continuity of care improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes in north Shoa zone,Amhara regional state,Ethiopia: A quasi-experimental study

BackgroundIn a low-resource setting, information on the effect of midwife-led continuity of care (MLCC) is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of MLCC on maternal and neonatal health outcomes in the Ethiopian context.MethodA study with a quasi-experimental design was conducted from August 2019 to September 2020 in four primary hospitals of the north Shoa zone, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. A total of 1178 low risk women were allocated to one of two groups; the midwife-led continuity of care (MLCC or intervention group) (received all antenatal, labour, birth, and immediate postnatal care from a single midwife or backup midwife) (n = 589) and the Shared model of care (SMC or comparison group) (received care from different staff members at different times) (n = 589). The two outcomes studied were Spontaneous vaginal birth and preterm birth. Outcome variables were compared using multivariate generalized linear models (GLMs) and reported using adjusted risk ratios (aRR) with 95% confidence intervals.FindingsWomen in MLCC were, in comparison with women in the SMC group more likely to have spontaneous vaginal birth (aRR of 1.198 (95% CI 1.101–1.303)). Neonates of women in MLCC were in comparison with those in SMC less likely to be preterm (aRR of 0.394; 95% CI (0.227–0.683)).ConclusionIn this study, use of the MLCC model improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes. To scale up and further investigate the effect and feasibility of this model in a low resource setting could be of considerable importance in Ethiopia and other Sub-Saharan Africa countries.     

王芗斋休闲哲学思想初探

意拳是一种独特的运动形式,它在不动或微动中修养身心使之和谐。作为意拳的创始人,王芗斋指出了拳道之真义在于本能自然力之修炼,从而否定了拳套的训练方式。王芗斋把拳道提升到人生哲学的高度,深刻地揭示了拳道与人生意义的内在关联。王芗斋对人类休闲思想的一个重要贡献就是把锻炼和休息统一起来,把意拳发展为一种人们非常喜爱的积极休闲方式。这种休闲锻炼方式所到达的自我和谐的境界是审美的,是通过天人合一的途径实现的。     

论马克思主义“两个必然”和“两个决不会”的理论

马克思恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中提出“两个必然”理论是对资本主义发展趋势的科学概括，它揭示了资本主义灭亡和社会主义胜利是不以人的意志为转移的客观规律，是一个自然历史过程。而马克思在《〈政治经济学批判〉序言》中提出“两个决不会”理论，则强调了人的认识一定要符合客观规律，因此它是对“两个必然”的重要补充。     

大学英语连续性教学的探索

通过两年的基础英语的学习 ,学生具有了一定的听说读写译的能力。但要真正能够做到阅读、翻译本专业的内容 ,只靠两年的基础教育是远远不够的。给学生开设专业英语课(大学专业英语为三年级学生必修课 )、英语辅修课、实用英语写作课、口语课等提高课程 ,有利于巩固基础阶段的教学成果 ,并在应用提高阶段培养学生对外语听、说、读、写某一方面的兴趣和水平 ,加大对学生外语应用能力的培养 ,使英语真正成为学生未来择业中重要工具     

关于sum from i=1 to n (|p_i*X/q_i-b_i|)的最小值的快速求解法

求绝对值项的和式的最小值是初等数学研究中的一个难点。本文就minni=1∑Piqix-bi这一问题给予透彻的解决。