浅议如何提高英语写作能力

多数大学生认为,“英语写作”是大学英语四、六级考试中难度较大的题型,纵然在以往练习中投入较大精力亦难有佳作。要想提高英语写作能力,必须掌握英语写作的知识技巧;熟练运用英语语法,尤其那些在日常习惯语中结构较为特殊的句式;遵循一致性、连贯性和条理性原则。     

The Non Dominated Set in Bayesian Decision Problems with Convex Loss Functions

Bayesian decision problems require subjective elicitation of the inputs: beliefs and preferences. Sometimes, elicitation methods may not represent perfectly the judgements of the decision maker. Several foundations propose to overlay this problem using robust approaches. In these models, beliefs are modelled by a class of probability distributions and preferences by a class of loss functions. Then, we are in the conditions of a Pareto order. Hence the solution concept is the set of non dominated alternatives. In this article we focus on the computation of the efficient set when the preferences are modeled by a class of convex loss functions.     

基于MODWT的FIGARCH模型波动的持续性与相关性

基于FIGARCH模型与最大重复离散小波变换的小波多分辨分析,提出了不同尺度下的FIGARCH模型,并以此来讨论金融波动序列在不同尺度下的持续性问题;利用可描述两列波动序列的整体相关特性的交叉互相关函数,提出了可以描述两列波动序列在不同尺度、不同滞后期下小波交叉互相关函数的定义,并进行了实证分析。     

How Much Do Print Backfiles Matter?

Abstract

As physical collections are increasingly pressed for space, libraries continue to look at practices such as weeding and off-site storage, coupled with services like on-demand article-level document delivery, as potential space solutions. As libraries discard long runs of print journals, though, what role do journal backfiles play going forward? When many see backfiles as space hogs, is there data that provides a compelling argument for keeping backfiles of journals, and, if so, how should those backfiles be handled and by whom? Incorporating information from an interview with Glenn Jaeger, owner of Absolute Backorder Service, interlibrary loan data from the University of Prince Edward Island, and examples from the literature, this Balance Point column looks at the role that print journal backfiles play in the library landscape.     

The impact of income inequality on self-rated general health: Evidence from a cross-national study

Previous studies report a strong negative association between income inequality and population health at the aggregate level. However, it is still in hot debate whether this ecological association indicates a genuine, causal effect of income inequality on health, as asserted by the Wilkinson hypothesis, or it simply reflects a nonlinear effect of individual income on health, as suggested by the absolute income hypothesis. Drawing data from the 2005 round of the World Values Survey, I analyze the relationship between individual income, income inequality, and self-rated general health in a multilevel framework. Results show no independent detrimental effect of country income inequality on individual self-rated general health. In contrast, self-rated general health is strongly associated with absolute material conditions both at the individual and at the country level. Therefore, this study gives more evidence to the absolute income hypothesis, i.e., the strong ecological association between income inequality and population health is more likely a reflection of the nonlinear effect of individual income on health rather than a genuine effect of income inequality.     

After Safety,What is the Goal of Child Welfare Services: Permanency,Family Continuity or Social Benefit?

Child welfare services have multiple goals, including child protection, family continuity, and achievement of legal permanency so children can end their involvement with child welfare services and have a lifetime family. These goals are not all achievable to the same extent in all cases. American child welfare policy has, in the last few years, become more definitive about the priority of child protection above family preservation. Now, situations which involve safety risks that are too great do not require any efforts at reunifying children to their biological homes. Less clear in American child welfare policy and practice is the value to be placed on other factors – particularly when a child cannot return home and will need an alternative adoptive family. Practitioners often emphasize family continuity – that is, the opportunity to maintain contact with the biological parent and extended family members – as a key decision making consideration. Yet, family continuity does not necessarily predict a successful transition to adulthood that is healthy for children or provides social benefits to the community. This paper explores the rationale for expanding child welfare decision making criteria by adding longer-term outcomes and the likelihood that children will eventually generate social benefits.     

从党的指导思想发展的阶段性和连续性上看待毛泽东思想

党的十六大把"三个代表"重要思想同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论一道确定为我们党必须长期坚持的指导思想。要高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜,全面贯彻"三个代表"重要思想,一个很重要的问题,就是要从党的指导思想发展的阶段性和连续性上来把握毛泽东思想和邓小平理论以及"三个代表"重要思想之间关系。     

Normalisation process theory as a conceptual framework for continuity of carer implementation

ProblemDespite long standing strategic level ambitions to increase access to continuity of carer (CoC) models in maternity services, implementation of CoC in the United Kingdom (UK) has been generally small-scale and short lived. This indicates problems in implementing and sustaining CoC as the main model of care provision, and as such a need to better understand the process of implementation itself.AimTo use normalisation process theory (NPT) to underpin development of a conceptual implementation framework for CoC in order to improve understanding of the implementation process.MethodsLiterature review on CoC implementation and NPT development and use, combined with immersion in the implementation of CoC context.Results and DiscussionA conceptual framework for the implementation of CoC is developed and individual components discussed, with a view to better understanding the implementation process for CoC models. The will of a critical mass of midwives to work in a CoC model and the provision and maintenance of the ‘organisational space’ required for CoC within the National Health Service (NHS) emerge as key barriers to mainstreaming CoC in the UK.ConclusionThere is utility in NPT as a means of understanding and conceptualising large scale implementation of CoC. With testing and further development into a practical tool, the conceptual framework developed here could become a useful aid to those involved in implementing and evaluating CoC in the context of renewed strategic direction and Governmental level support in the UK.     

凸函数与平均值不等式的推广(Ⅱ)

讨论了凸函数的连续性，由平均值构成一些新不等式及平均值不等式的若干应用     

Constructions of Continuity after Stroke

Prior research suggests that illness disrupts biographical self because of the resulting difficulty in continuing to draw on the same material and symbolic resources used in self‐construction. Recent literature suggests that constructing continuity is possible because of the multi‐faceted nature of self‐construction. One hundred and twenty‐two veterans who had been hospitalized after an acute stroke and discharged home were enrolled in the study. In‐depth interviews were collected from the veterans at one month post‐stroke. Results indicate that some of these individuals construct continuity through their use of personally accessible discursive resources such as expectations for aging and religious beliefs.