Perceptions of the LGBTQ College Campus Climate Scale: Development and Psychometric Evaluation

ABSTRACT

This article reports the development and psychometric properties of scores on a new scale designed to assess views of the university/college campus climate concerning LGBTQ students and issues: Perceptions of the LGBTQ College Campus Climate Scale. This 6-item scale includes two subscales: College Response to LGBTQ Students and LGBTQ Stigma. We provide evidence for structural validity (via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses) and reliability for scores on this new measure. Supporting construct validity, Perceptions of the LGBTQ College Campus Climate full scale and subscales were each positively correlated with experiences of LGBTQ victimization on campus, anxiety, and depression and negatively correlated with satisfaction with college and intention to persist in college. Relationships with mental health and academic outcomes held true, even after controlling for LGBTQ victimization experiences, providing support for incremental validity. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.     

Modification and simplification of thurstone scaling method,and its demonstration with a crime seriousness assessment

The paper aims to improve the Thurstone scaling method by reducing the workload of data collection and simplifying the procedures of application. It proposes a hierarchical structure for organizing items that are to be scaled. Instead of making paired comparisons, the respondents would be asked to rank the items. The ranks of the items would then be transformed into paired comparisons. Workload of data collection can hence be greatly reduced. As an alternative to Thurstone model, the use of three models, i.e., linear, exponential and information, to compute serious scores is also demonstrated.     

Does Wealth Enhance Life Satisfaction for People Who are Materially Deprived? Exploring the Association among the Orang asli of Peninsular Malaysia

Recent studies investigating need theory and the extent to which money can buy happiness have called for more research within culturally homogeneous samples from developing countries to explore this relationship. We examine wealth as a measure of possessions and savings and relate this to subjective well-being (SWB) among poor indigenous farmers in Peninsular Malaysia. With hierarchical multiple regression, we find that the association between wealth and life satisfaction, after controlling for demographic variables, is positive and significant, β = 0.24, p<0.001. This effect is similar to effect sizes reported for other poor samples around the globe and is larger than what has been normally found in Western samples. Our analysis of the Malay translation of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) reveals rather low internal reliability and prompts us to explore the potential wealth-SWB relationship in the absence of measurement error. We find a larger effect size when measurement error is removed, r = 0.43. We discuss the use of latent variable analysis to better interpret wealth-SWB effect sizes and recommend its use for future studies that use SWLS translations. Finally, we find that age, education, family size, and recent illness, while weak zero-order correlates of SWB, become significant predictors of life satisfaction when included with wealth in the multiple regression model. Some explanations and implications of these findings are conjectured. Our study contributes a unique sample to the expanding literature in support of need theory, and may be one of the first to examine the relationship between wealth and life satisfaction among a country’s aboriginal people.     

中国生猪规模增长与养殖技术变化的实证研究

以2006—2010年度中国生猪主要养殖省(市、自治区)的面板数据为基础,利用Cobb-Douglas生产函数,对中国生猪规模增长与养殖技术的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明养殖规模越小越不利于技术进步,表现在散户和小规模养殖技术未发生显著性改变,而中规模和大规模的养殖技术却发生显著性的变化。提出了在政策上加大散户和小规模养殖户的整合,增强对大中规模的技术支持和政策扶持力度的建议。     

农村土地使用权流转的困境与对策

农村土地使用权流转问题,在目前已经成为理论界和政府各有关部门研究和探索的热门话题。在"三农"问题相当严重的今天,农村土地使用权流转面临着许多困境,包括土地流转过程中效率和公平的矛盾;土地规模经济存在的可疑性与国家粮食安全的矛盾,使土地流转的经济可行性受到怀疑;土地经济价值下降,土地流转动力不足;农村土地福利化功能增强,土地使用权流转的政治可行性受到限制等。为了走出上述困境,必须采取相应的对策。     

比较优势、规模经济与城市竞争力的理论分析

国内外学者在对城市竞争力的研究中,往往侧重城市竞争力的测算和排名,缺乏对城市竞争力形成的原因进行深度的理论分析,本文主要借用国际贸易中的比较优势理论和规模经济理论来分析城市竞争力形成的原因。文章指出,外部规模经济是形成城市竞争力的关键因素,产业集群是外部规模经济的表现形式,并用新古典经济学、新制度经济学、新增长理论和产业组织理论对外部规模经济形成竞争优势的原因展开理论分析。最后,文章以深圳为例进一步说明在开放和创新基础上形成的外部规模经济是产生强大城市竞争力的根本原因,培植关键产业的城市集群是提升城市未来竞争力的政策取向。     

产业生态位与种群规模的趋同效应研究

采用合项思维理论创新方法,将生态位理论中的资源竞争与种群规模演化理论中的资源丰富程度进行理论衔接,并通过建立生态位宽度模型与种群演化Logistic时滞模型对上述理论衔接从定量的角度进行描述。以中国汽车产业为例,采用中国汽车工业年鉴中的部分数据对上述过程进行验证,探究中国汽车产业生态位的逐年变化与整车产业种群规模的逐年演进之间的关联,发现环境资源稀缺会影响产业种群规模的变化,而且局域种群之间存在着生态位竞争。如果存在生态位竞争的局域种群同属于一个异质种群,那么生态位竞争将对异质种群的规模变化产生影响,两者具有趋同效应。     

公共租赁房建设规模决策机制研究

公租房建设是中国的一项重要住房保障制度。文章建立了在两种建设模式下的公租房建设博弈模型,探讨了中央政府和地方政府在公租房建设中的利益关系。研究发现,在两种建设模式中,公租房收益和商业住宅收益之间的差距对于公租房建设比例、地方政府用地规模和收益等都具有重要影响,但是就中央政府而言,其更倾向于按差异化的比例进行公租房建设。     

生猪养殖规模发展趋势、主体行为与路径优化——基于山东省的相关数据检验

基于山东省的数据分析表明:2002―2011年山东省生猪养殖正日益呈现规模化养殖趋势,在这个过程中,规模养殖户日增,其出栏的生猪占比越来越高。生猪养殖规模发展的动因主要是规模养殖具有信息优势,能降低交易费用,规模效应明显。生猪养殖规模化发展是养殖户主动发起或参与的逐利过程,但政府部门为加快生猪规模养殖发展,从多方面加强了对生猪规模化养殖的扶持。显然,扩大养殖规模的制度安排整体上优于生猪散养,可获得预期养殖效益,因此,养殖户偏好规模养殖。基于此,要进一步促进生猪养殖的规模化发展,应优化产业资源配置、发展新型养殖模式、推广先进养殖技术和明确政府引导方向等。     

中药企业规模与技术创新的关系研究

技术创新不足已经成为阻碍中药产业进一步发展的主要障碍。对163个样本中药企业进行回归分析,结果表明,中药企业规模与技术创新的关系呈倒 U 型,并且我国中药企业的规模多处于倒 U 的左侧。中药产业处于规模驱动发展期,因此突破规模约束有利于促进中药企业技术创新。通过企业兼并提高中药企业规模,增强中药企业的内涵建设,加大政府对中小中药企业的支持力度,注重建立地区中药产业生态集群是突破中药企业规模约束的重要途径。