Exploring Partial Order of European Countries

Partial Order Theory has been recently more and more employed in applied science to overcome the intrinsic disadvantage hidden in aggregation, if a multiple attribute system is available. Despite its numerous positive features, there are many practical cases where the interpretation of the partial order can be rather troublesome. In these cases the analysis of underlying dimensions could be useful to uncover particular data structures. The paper shows a way of addressing the problem with the help of an actual case study, which deals with European opinions on services of general interest. In particular, a partial order of countries is firstly provided and then a method to detect dimensions is discussed and applied. The analysis stems directly from the Partially Order Set (poset) and Lattice theory with particular references to dimension theory and Formal Concept Analysis. The study is eventually able to pinpoint role and relevance of different attributes characterizing EU countries which are used to define the partial order.

政府与企业之间:试论南京时期工商同业公会的经济职能

近代的同业公会作为普设的行业组织,对于政府与企业来说都具有重要意义。在同业公会法规及相关政策中,政府赋予同业公会及行规以法律合法性,其目的不仅在于保障或规范其行业自治权,更期待公会协助经济行政。对于同业公会来说,维护同业利益是其根本出发点,而如何协调与政府的关系,创建有利于行业发展的宏观制度环境则是其中心任务。在政府经济管理及行业经济自治两个方面,同业公会都具有重要的中介作用。     

The disenchantment of Bitcoin: unveiling the myth of a digital currency

Bitcoin and its peculiar, decentralized transaction system, have already ignited interest by professional and retail traders in search for profits and by economists and legal experts, looking for possible regulation to contain illegal uses. We instead examine the unexpected and ongoing success of Bitcoin from a sociological perspective, first questioning its unusual legitimation system, backed by the so called ‘blockchain technology’, instead of by governmental authorities. Then we collect data and elements to reconstruct Bitcoin’s history as a cryptocurrency, starting from the mysterious story surrounding its birth. We then follow its spread and development through social networks and words of mouth, together with its sudden booms and bursts, finally to suggest that both users and institutional regulators should be aware of the risks of Bitcoin and of its alleged power to challenge our very notion of money.     

实体主义批判——广松涉哲学视域中的西方哲学

在西方现代哲学各派日益把哲学逻辑化、语言化,使哲学之路越走越窄的理论背景下,广松涉以"物象化论"为哲学方法,对以康德、马赫、胡塞尔和海德格尔为代表的西方实体主义的哲学传统进行了批判,由此实现了从物的世界观到事的世界观、从实体主义到关系主义的哲学变革.在格外重视生态平衡与可持续发展的当代世界,关系主义应有实体主义所不具有的理论价值与现实意义.     

Clinical Social Work and Psychoanalysis: Introduction to the Special Issue

As clinical social work developed in America it was highly influenced by the concepts and techniques of psychoanalysis and many of its practitioners became interested in seeking psychoanalytic training. More and more psychoanalysts are now coming from a background in clinical social work due to the development of a network of interdisciplinary training institutes and the opening of the Institutes of the American Psychoanalytic Association to non-medical candidates. This special issue considers how psychoanalysis may be affected as more of its practitioners and contributors come from a background in clinical social work. This introduction reviews the history of the development of clinical social work and outlines the issues related to “lay analysis” in this country.

Schematic saturated orthogonal arrays obtained by using the contractive replacement method

This paper presents a general method of constructing schematic saturated orthogonal arrays of strength two. We consider a class of mixed saturated orthogonal arrays produced from saturated symmetric orthogonal arrays by using the contractive replacement method, study the Hamming distances of the rows, construct their association schemes, and prove that they are schematic. Some examples are given to illustrate this construction method.     

Impact of support networks for breastfeeding: A multicentre study

Background

The rates of breastfeeding worldwide are slowly improving since 1996. Europe is still trailing behind the global breastfeeding incidence and prevalence rates. Thus, breastfeeding promotion, protection, prolongation and support have become an important challenge as breastfeeding sharply decreases in the first six months of life.

‘I know that aside from my arms I’m normal’: negotiating the incoherencies of a ‘VACTERL identity’

VACTERL Association is a medical diagnosis that represents a broad range of characteristics affecting the following body systems: vertebrae; anal; cardiovascular; trachea; esophageal; renal and radial; and limb. Auditory, growth, sex, and reproductive characteristics are often present as well. Thus far, VACTERL has only been examined within the medical system, and, within that framework, it has become identified as an anomaly and ‘disability,’ leaving the embodied experiential realities of individuals who live with it unexplored. This paper reports on a qualitative study with eight self-identified women with VACTERL Association. This paper provides an introduction to the experiences of these women and provides an exploration of the elements and processes of identity negotiation, with particular focus on the intersection between gender and ability. As well, the impact of a medical label as it affects identity formation is examined.     

公平偏好员工的锦标激励研究

传统锦标理论建立在员工是纯粹自利的假设上,而行为合约理论认为员工是具有公平偏好的.本文分析在完全竞争和不完全竞争的劳动力市场和产品市场中,针对具有公平偏好的员工的最优锦标机制设计及产出效率问题.以期为企业劳动舍约的设计提供一种更加接近现实的、可供借鉴的思路.