我国个体私营协会的定位与发展

在我国,个体私营协会(以下简称个私协会)是随着我国鼓励个体私营经济发展而出现的新生事物。个私协会是一个跨行业的经济类社会团体法人,它对于我国私营经济——尤其是私人中小企业的发展起到了积极的促进作用。在我国鼓励中小企业发展的今天,个私协会应该继续定位于服务以会员企业为代表的广大中小企业,这将不仅有利于我国个体私营协会自身的发展,而且可以更好地促进我国中小企业的发展。     

Nonparametric bootstrapping for hierarchical data

Nonparametric bootstrapping for hierarchical data is relatively underdeveloped and not straightforward: certainly it does not make sense to use simple nonparametric resampling, which treats all observations as independent. We have provided some resampling strategies of hierarchical data, proved that the strategy of nonparametric bootstrapping on the highest level (randomly sampling all other levels without replacement within the highest level selected by randomly sampling the highest levels with replacement) is better than that on lower levels, analyzed real data and performed simulation studies.     

民间赈济：一九三四年浙江旱灾中的甲戌全浙救灾会

一九三四年，浙江遭受重大旱情，旅沪浙籍人士组建临时性赈济组织甲戌全浙救灾会对家乡进行赈济。全浙救灾会对浙江旱区的帮助主要有三个方面：第一，通过主动筹资对灾民直接赈济；第二，积极联合其他慈善团体，共同募捐，对浙江灾区施赈；第三，利用会员个人社会活动力以及团体影响力，向政府施加影响争取官方赈济资源。通过这些方式，全浙救灾会对浙江旱区的赈济工作起到了积极作用，也显示了近代民间团体力量对赈灾做出的贡献。     

A comparison of the mixture and classification approaches to cluster analysis

This paper examines the relative performance of two commonly used clustering methods based on maximum likelihood in the context of classifying a sample of observations of unknown origin arising from two normal populations with a common covariance matrix. the associated properties of the two methods are compared by conducting a series of simulation experiments under both mixture and separate sampling schemes.     

中国史学界第八次代表大会学术报告综述

在中国史学界第八次代表大会期间举行了八场学术报告，25位学者就中国古代史、考古学、中国近现代史和世界史各学科做了学术交流，向史学界传达了最新的学术信息。     

文化改造与政治革命--论王光祈与恽代英在少年中国学会中的交谊与分化

少年中国学会是“五四”时期会员最多、分布最广、历史最久、影响最大的社团之一。王光祈和恽代英都曾是这个著名社团的成员。王光祈和恽代英之间的相识与交往几乎都是围绕少年中国学会展开。他们在“五四”这个急剧变化的时代，为着创造一个光明的“少年中国”的共同理想而相聚，但终因彼此思想的差异，在社会影响之下做出了个人不同的选择。两人在探索中国出路方面的思想分化，也为我们了解少年中国学会的分化与瓦解提供了很好的注脚。     

学缘网络维度下留学人员社团组织形态的变迁

根据学缘网络理论建构分析在英、法、德三国的中国留学人员社团组织发展情况发现,与以往历史时期的留学人员社团组织相比较,新的社团组织受时代发展的影响,在组织形式、基本性质、组织目标等诸多方面都发生了巨大的变化。这就要求我国以全球化的视野和全新的方式方法处理留学人员社团组织问题,妥善加以引导,使其在留学人员权益保障、人才引进等方面充分发挥作用。     

A new family of random graphs for testing spatial segregation

The authors discuss a graph‐based approach for testing spatial point patterns. This approach falls under the category of data‐random graphs, which have been introduced and used for statistical pattern recognition in recent years. The authors address specifically the problem of testing complete spatial randomness against spatial patterns of segregation or association between two or more classes of points on the plane. To this end, they use a particular type of parameterized random digraph called a proximity catch digraph (PCD) which is based on relative positions of the data points from various classes. The statistic employed is the relative density of the PCD, which is a U‐statistic when scaled properly. The authors derive the limiting distribution of the relative density, using the standard asymptotic theory of U‐statistics. They evaluate the finite‐sample performance of their test statistic by Monte Carlo simulations and assess its asymptotic performance via Pitman's asymptotic efficiency, thereby yielding the optimal parameters for testing. They further stress that their methodology remains valid for data in higher dimensions.     

北平贫民救济会的制度化建设及救助活动(1928-1937)

北平贫民救济会的救助活动(1928-1937)在近代北京社会救助史上占有比较重要的地位,其完善的组织机构及制度化建设、官民合作强大力量感召下民众的积极捐助以及占北京半数以上人口得以受助等成效,不仅推动了北京近代社会救助事业的发展与转型,而且为当今中国社会救助事业留下了宝贵的经验。     

Bayesian Analysis of Different Hybrid and Progressive Life Tests

Type-I and Type-II censoring schemes are the widely used censoring schemes available for life testing experiments. A mixture of Type-I and Type-II censoring schemes is known as a hybrid censoring scheme. Different hybrid censoring schemes have been introduced in recent years. In the last few years, a progressive censoring scheme has also received considerable attention. In this article, we mainly consider the Bayesian inference of the unknown parameters of two-parameter exponential distribution under different hybrid and progressive censoring schemes. It is observed that in general the Bayes estimate and the associated credible interval of any function of the unknown parameters, cannot be obtained in explicit form. We propose to use the Monte Carlo sampling procedure to compute the Bayes estimate and also to construct the associated credible interval. Monte Carlo Simulation experiments have been performed to see the effectiveness of the proposed method in case of Type-I hybrid censored samples. The performances are quite satisfactory. One data analysis has been performed for illustrative purposes.