多重需要:社会工作实践教育的现实处境——以某侨乡留守儿童社会服务为例

社会工作实践教育在社会工作教育中的地位越来越重要。但社会工作实践面临的现实处境是非常复杂的,尤其对专业社会工作发展刚起步的地方来说。本文通过对温州市某侨乡留守儿童社会服务基地建设的回顾,强调在社会工作实践教育中应回应处境中的多重需要。这些需要主要来自于政府、服务对象、督导者、学生。本文提出,要使社会工作实践教育持续地、良好地发展下去,必须平衡多种需要之间的关系。     

从关联翻译理论看儿童文学的翻译——《夏洛的网》汉译本个案研究

运用关联翻译理论,比较了儿童文学作品《夏洛的网》的两个汉译本,探索了翻译理论对儿童文学翻译的指导作用。关联翻译理论带给儿童文学翻译很多启示。首先,译者需要寻求最佳关联性,生成符合译语规范的、通顺的译文;其次,要考虑译语读者与原语读者认知环境不同,进行创造性叛逆;最后,译者需要忠实传递作者的意图,使译文读者获得与原文读者一样多的语境效果。     

Fostering benign Tibetan nationalism: Tibetan schooling passions in the Diaspora

ABSTRACT

Scholarship on the ‘manufacturing of citizenship’ has focused primarily on European and American nationalism. Scholars have noted the scarcity of research on identity construction among children in the Diaspora. This study explores the role of the altruistic principle and the Middle Way approach (a political strategy for the resolution of Sino-Tibetan issues) on the construction of nationalism amongst Tibetan children in Diaspora. The 2004 Basic Education Policy for Tibetans stresses the principle of ‘altruism’ in the identity construction of Tibetan children. Inclusive nationalism is germane in the schooling process. The study presents an interview analysis of four Tibetan Education Ministers about the intersection of altruistic principle, the Middle Way approach, and Tibetan nationalism. Additionally, 34 school children (14 boys and 20 girls) from the 6th, 7th, and 8th grades participated in a drawing activity. The analysis of children’s ‘cultural artifacts of nationalism’ is also included. The study found that neither the Tibetan children nor the Ministers expressed any feeling of hatred or animosity towards Chinese nationals. The willingness and desire to co-exist in harmony with their counterparts were evident. The principle of altruism is deeply entrenched in the Middle Way approach and Tibetan nationalism.     

论路翎创作中的存在关怀——以《财主底儿女们》为例

路翎是一个存在感极强的作家,对人之存在的追问贯穿于他的创作中。从《财主底儿女们》的文本分析可以看出,在存在哲学的视野中,路翎对存在的关怀主要体现在三个方面:领悟孤独、审视"沉沦"与追求自由。无论对个体命运的关注还是对民族命运的思考,作家最终都指向了对人之存在状态、价值与意义的关怀。路翎创作中的存在关怀,表现着文学的灵魂深度与哲学深度。     

Putting the Children Act Independent Person Procedure under the Spotlight

The Children Act 1989 required local authorities to appoint independent people to participate in their complaints procedures. The Department of Health has concentrated largely on monitoring these newly established procedures. In contrast, very little guidance has been given about the role of independent people. Nor has there been much published research in this area. This paper is based on a study of the response of two neighbouring local authorities. The aims were to discover how these authorities had interpreted the imprecise guidance from the Department of Health, and thereby to analyse the application of principles of independence within complaints procedures. The findings showed how a "pool" of independent people had been selected, trained and employed to participate in Children Act complaints procedures. Analysis of this system raises fundamental questions about the potential of this system to provide the kind of objective representation intended to be helpful to complainants. It also contributes to the debate about the most effective ways of safeguarding the welfare of children and young people by providing them with an accessible complaints procedure. The study identifies areas for future research, including the nature of complaints and the "practice wisdom" being acquired by independent people.     

中国农村地区的家庭禀赋与外出务工劳动力回流

中国农村地区家庭禀赋对个人的行为决策有着重要的影响,需要学术界予以更多的关注。为了考察外生性的家庭禀赋对劳动力就业流动的影响,文章通过构建新生代外出务工劳动力和户主子女的回流决策两个计量模型来进行经验论证。分析结果表明,农村劳动力的迁移选择是综合考虑家庭禀赋状况的理性决策,尤其是对于年轻一代的外出劳动力。家庭经济资本的增加会阻碍家庭外出务工成员的回流。外出劳动力回流的概率起初随着家庭人力资本和家庭自然资本的增长而上升,达到一定程度后开始下降。家庭成员只有拥有较为丰富的人力资本,外出务工劳动力才能对家庭社会资本加以充分利用。另外,分析显示年轻一代劳动力和第一代劳动力对家庭社会资本和自然资本的利用是有差异的。     

家庭收入是否影响子女教育水平——基于CHNS数据的实证研究

教育是低收入家庭子女改变自身社会地位的重要途径。基于CHNS的数据,本文分别使用OLS、2SLS计量经济方法,分析了家庭收入对子女教育水平的影响。OLS结果显示,家庭收入对子女教育水平的影响为正且显著,使用工具变量对家庭收入的内生性进行控制后（2SLS）,家庭收入对子女教育水平的影响依旧为正。分样本的估计结果表明,家庭收入对女儿的影响程度大于其对儿子的影响程度。将家庭收入从低到高依次划分为五个等级的细分样本估计结果显示,随着收入等级的提高,家庭收入对子女教育水平的影响程度呈现出“倒U形”。     

流动儿童心理健康研究述评

通过梳理近期的流动儿童心理健康研究文献得出结论:流动儿童心理健康水平普遍低于城市儿童,主要表现为歧视知觉强、身份认同危机及自卑、焦虑等消极情绪。研究者主要从家庭、学校、社会和个人4个方面分析影响流动儿童心理健康的因素,并对流动儿童心理健康教育提出建议。现有研究存在缺少统一的研究工具、横断研究多、纵向研究少等不足,建议进行跨群体比较研究及对流动儿童积极心理的研究。     

以社工为依托推进流浪儿童人性化救助——以南京地区为例

随着流浪儿童问题逐渐深入公众视野,其需求与发展成为关注的中心,传统的救助保护方式已难于形成工作实效。社工进入流浪儿童救助保护领域以来,带来了缓解流浪儿童问题的新视角和方法,直接推动和影响着流浪儿童救助保护工作向人性化、专业化发展。     

维果茨基心理理论对学前教育的启示

儿童心理理论强调儿童对自己和他人的内心世界的体验,重视儿童和周围人的交往经验,在与环境的相互作用中促进其心理理论的发展。维果茨基理论强调社会文化背景、环境及经验对儿童心理发展的影响。以维果茨基的社会文化背景学说、思维与语言的关系说、内化说和最近发展区理论为理论基点,可以得到对学前教育的有益启示,即,唤醒幼儿内心世界,创建良好的话语环境,创设混龄游戏机会,创设和谐家庭环境。