防灾减灾建设在我国可持续发展战略中的地位和作用

可持续发展是人类21世纪的主题.防灾减灾建设是实现我国经济可持续发展战略和缩小东部与西部经济发展差距的重要举措之一.本文分析了我国东西部经济发展差距的自然因素,论述了防灾减灾建设在我国经济可持续发展战略中的地位和作用,以确保实现资源、环境与区域经济可持续发展的战略目标.     

浅析我国碳税制度的构建

二氧化碳等温室气体的排放导致气候变暖已经成为世界各国普遍关注的问题。目前,世界各国纷纷出台相关制度,其中碳税的征收被国际社会公认是削减二氧化碳排放量的有效手段。作为《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》的缔约国,中国一直积极推动公约和议定书的实施,并取得了一定的成就,但任重道远,我国可以在深入研究的基础上,结合具体国情进行碳税制度的构建。     

简论抗日战争时期山东减租减息工作的主要特点

抗日战争时期山东减租减息工作有其明显特点,主要是:结合战局演变需要,将这项工作不断推向深入;深入发动群众,形成群众性减租减息运动;将党的土地政策及时转变为相关法规,为减租减息提供法律保障。分析研究这些特点有助于深刻了解认识山东党组织在新民主主义革命时期的奋斗历程及业绩,对当前的农村与农民工作也有重要借鉴意义。     

基于可变精度的加权粗糙集模型在约简中的研究

首先对粗糙集的定义进行了描述,在可变精度的基础上提出了加权粗糙集模型。重新定义了近似空间内的一些概念,给出了加权粗糙集模型的约简概念,指出了加权系数的两种方法。并根据实验分析,得出加权粗糙集模型约简中分类错误增大,约简长度越短,约简所花时间越长等特性。     

Designs for estimating the difference between two responses

In this paper the problem of designing experiments for estimating the difference between responses at two arbitrary points in the region of interest is considered. Under the average mean squared error criterion the design moment conditions have been worked out. The results have been applied to the class of central composite designs.     

Accent on Teaching Materials

This department includes the two sections New Developments in Statistical Computing and Statistical Computing Software Reviews; suitable contents for each of these sections are described under the respective section heading. Articles submitted for the department, outside the two sections, should not be highly technical and should be relevant to the teaching or practice of statistical computing.

An unbiased estimator of e is used to motivate a simple simulation exercise that requires only observations from the distribution uniform on (0, 1). Antithetic variables are introduced and applied to the simulation problem to give a second unbiased estimator of e with reduced variance.     

A family of estimators of population variance in two-occasion rotation patterns

Abstract

In this article, we have considered the problem of estimation of population variance on current (second) occasion in two occasion successive (rotation) sampling. A class of estimators of population variance has been proposed and its asymptotic properties have been discussed. The proposed class of estimators is compared with the sample variance estimator when there is no matching from the previous occasion and the Singh et al. (2013) estimator. Optimum replacement policy is discussed. It has been shown that the suggested estimator is more efficient than the Singh et al. (2013) estimator and a usual unbiased estimator when there is no matching. An empirical study is carried out in support of the present study.     

丙烯精馏塔的建模及其先进控制方法研究

精馏过程是化工、石油、医药等领域常见的生产过程，由于其非线性、时变性和强耦合等特点，使建模、控制与优化成为理论与实践研究中的难点。本文以一个二元丙烯精馏塔为研究对象，在由物料及能量平衡原理推导出精馏过程数学模型的基础之上，采用基于集结法的动力学模型降阶处理方法对原模型进行降阶，最后为该精馏塔模型设计了基于PID神经网络的解耦控制器。     

Use of several auxiliary variables in estimating the population mean in a two-occasion rotation pattern

ABSTRACT

This paper addresses the problem of estimation of the population mean on the current (second) occasion in two-occasion successive sampling. Utilizing the readily available information on several auxiliary variables on both occasions and the information on the study variable from the previous occasion, an estimation procedure of the population mean on the current occasion has been proposed. Theoretical properties of the proposed estimator have been investigated. Optimum replacement policy to the proposed estimator has been discussed. The proposed estimator has been compared empirically with the sample mean estimator, when there is no matching and the optimum estimator which is a linear combination of the means of the matched and unmatched portions of the sample at the current occasion. Appropriate recommendations have been made for practical applications.     

Catastrophe Risk Models for Evaluating Disaster Risk Reduction Investments in Developing Countries

Major natural disasters in recent years have had high human and economic costs, and triggered record high postdisaster relief from governments and international donors. Given the current economic situation worldwide, selecting the most effective disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures is critical. This is especially the case for low‐ and middle‐income countries, which have suffered disproportionally more economic and human losses from disasters. This article discusses a methodology that makes use of advanced probabilistic catastrophe models to estimate benefits of DRR measures. We apply such newly developed models to generate estimates for hurricane risk on residential structures on the island of St. Lucia, and earthquake risk on residential structures in Istanbul, Turkey, as two illustrative case studies. The costs and economic benefits for selected risk reduction measures are estimated taking account of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. We conclude by emphasizing the advantages and challenges of catastrophe model‐based cost‐benefit analyses for DRR in developing countries.