论康熙时代的赋税减免

清朝康熙时代的不同历史阶段,面对特定的政治经济形势所推行的钱粮蠲免政策,其着眼点和具体形式表现出差异。康熙初期,从政策条例和实践来看,为应付战争的需要,保证财力的扩大,清政权实行的是被动、严苛的蠲免政策。中期,康熙政权把宽赋和蠲免作为"育民之道"的关键环节,推行促进农业生产发展的主动积极的钱粮蠲免措施。后期,在普蠲基础上,清政府仍继续推行因时因地的蠲免政策。不同时期赋税蠲免政策的积极效果为不同的因素所制约,不能简单地将其作为康乾盛世的内容之一加以理想化。     

现象学还原方法与文学批评

完整的现象学还原方法分为“悬置”、“本质还原”和“先验还原”三个步骤 ,也可以说是三个相对独立的方法。它们体现着“返回事物本身”的现象学态度。英伽顿和日内瓦学派都在各自的现象学文学批评中运用了前两种方法。其结果之一是造成这些文学批评的一定的“文本中心”现象。     

(Q,r)库存中的提前期压缩问题研究

本文在提出了新的具有分段可微特征的提前期压缩成本函数的基础上,构建了一个两阶段(Q,r)库存模型。并在一定服务水平约束条件下,进一步利用成本函数分段可微的特性结合数学分析的理论将原问题分解为一个无约束问题和一个等式约束问题。理论分析及算例表明,可以通过合理的确定模型中的订货量Q、订货点r、提前期加速因子τ等参数值使得在服务水平得到一定提高的同时成本也得到优化。     

On asymptotic distribution of the test statistic for the mean of the non-isotropic principal component

In this paper, the authors derived the large sample distribution of the t statistic based upon the observations on the first principal component instead of the original variables. It is shown that the above statistic is distributed asymptotically as Student's t distribution.     

基于环境学习曲线的山东省SO2排放及节能减排潜力分析

基于1981—2006年的数据对山东省SO2排放的规律进行研究，得到山东省SO2排放的环境学习曲线。应用这一曲线，定量分析山东省17个地级市减少SO2排放的潜力，并结合2006年各市的万元GDP能耗情况，对它们的节能减排潜力进行综合评价。     

Comparison of estimators of the location parameter using pitman's closeness criterion

Necessary and sufficient conditions for a linear estimator to dominate another linear estimator of a location parameter under the Pitman's criterion of comparison are discussed. Consequently it is demonstrated that a linear biased estimator can not dominate a linear unbiased estimator under Pitman's criterion and that the sample mean is the Closest Linear Unbiased Estimator (CLUE). It is also shown that the ridge regression estimator with a known biasing constant can not dominate the ordinary least squares estimator. If an estimator δdominates an estimator δin the average loss sense then sufficient conditions are obtained under which δis also preferred over δunder Pitman's criterion. Further we obtain sufficient conditions under which preference under the Pitman's criterion will lead to preference under the mean squared error sense.     

价值论美学与现象学的方法——莫里茨·盖格尔美学思想研究之一

莫里茨·盖格尔是现象学美学的奠基者，为了把美学建设成为一门独立自足的特殊科学，他在对各种事实论美学进行批判的基础上确立了价值论美学，并运用现象学的方法去把握审美价值所隶属的现象以及具有普遍有效性的审美价值的本质。     

论《中美农业合作协议》对湖南农业发展的影响

《中美农业合作协议》及美方要价对湖南农业来说可谓是挑战与机遇并存 ,风险与希望同在。因此 ,湖南应充分利用四年的缓冲期 ,积极采取应对措施 ,趋利避害 ,以取得成功     

Robust models in probability sampling

In the estimation of a population mean or total from a random sample, certain methods based on linear models are known to be automatically design consistent, regardless of how well the underlying model describes the population. A sufficient condition is identified for this type of robustness to model failure; the condition, which we call 'internal bias calibration', relates to the combination of a model and the method used to fit it. Included among the internally bias-calibrated models, in addition to the aforementioned linear models, are certain canonical link generalized linear models and nonparametric regressions constructed from them by a particular style of local likelihood fitting. Other models can often be made robust by using a suboptimal fitting method. Thus the class of model-based, but design consistent, analyses is enlarged to include more realistic models for certain types of survey variable such as binary indicators and counts. Particular applications discussed are the estimation of the size of a population subdomain, as arises in tax auditing for example, and the estimation of a bootstrap tail probability.     

正态分布随机Petri网的串并行结构化简

基于正态分布随机Petri网的串行和并行两种基本结构的化简开展研究,推导出在正态分布广义随机Petri网中化简串行模型的等价理论公式,即合成执行时间为各个变迁的执行时间之和,仍服从正态分布,并且合成均值等于所有变迁执行时间的均值之和,合成标准偏差等于所有变迁执行时间标准偏差的方和根。还提出了并行模型的模拟仿真计算方法,分析了两个并行变迁独立不同分布时的情况,并给出了近似估算公式,在公式中,均值较大的变迁权重较大。