苍凉的欢愉--评赖少其80岁后的作品

中西文化的碰撞,为20世纪的中国画坛平添了诸多扑朔迷离的景象,也为俯仰于这一背景下的无数个体的艺术生命带来了重重疑惑和困扰.赖少其以其特殊的革命经历、独特的文化积累,在自然生命行将停止运行的关键时期凸显了其艺术生命中最本质、最原始、最朴素、最真挚和最纯净的精神境象,真正实现了中国画由传统向现代的转换过程,从而为20世纪的中国画坛绽放了一枝奇瑰的花朵.     

Reliability analysis of systems with components having two dependent subcomponents

In this article, a system that consists of n independent components each having two dependent subcomponents (A_i, B_i), i = 1, …, n is considered. The system is assumed to compose of components that have two correlated subcomponents (A_i, B_i), and functions iff both systems of subcomponents A₁, A₂, …, A_n and B₁, B₂, …, B_n work under certain structural rules. The expressions for reliability and mean time to failure of such systems are obtained. A sufficient condition to compare two systems of bivariate components in terms of stochastic ordering is also presented.     

Fitting competing risks data to bivariate Pareto models

This paper revisits two bivariate Pareto models for fitting competing risks data. The first model is the Frank copula model, and the second one is a bivariate Pareto model introduced by Sankaran and Nair (1993 Sankaran, P. G., and N. U. Nair. 1993. A bivariate Pareto model and its applications to reliability. Naval Research Logistics 40 (7):1013–1020. doi:10.1002/1520-6750(199312)40:7%3c1013::AID-NAV3220400711%3e3.0.CO;2-7.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). We discuss the identifiability issues of these models and develop the maximum likelihood estimation procedures including their computational algorithms and model-diagnostic procedures. Simulations are conducted to examine the performance of the maximum likelihood estimation. Real data are analyzed for illustration.     

Modern likelihood inference for the maximum/minimum of a bivariate normal vector

ABSTRACT

We consider the use of modern likelihood asymptotics in the construction of confidence intervals for the parameter which determines the skewness of the distribution of the maximum/minimum of an exchangeable bivariate normal random vector. Simulation studies were conducted to investigate the accuracy of the proposed methods and to compare them to available alternatives. Accuracy is evaluated in terms of both coverage probability and expected length of the interval. We furthermore illustrate the suitability of our proposals by means of two data sets, consisting of, respectively, measurements taken on the brains of 10 mono-zygotic twins and measurements of mineral content of bones in the dominant and non-dominant arms for 25 elderly women.     

西晋玄风与咏鸟赋的意象创造

谈玄之风始于正始年间,持续至东晋末期。玄风对两晋文学产生了重要的影响。受玄风影响,西晋时期咏鸟赋的创作较为繁荣,其意象类型主要有:"玄鸟"意象、"逸鸟"意象、"儒鸟"意象等。三种鸟意象的出现显示出西晋时期的咏鸟赋创作既与政治密切相关,也与当时玄学风气密不可分。     

On the reciprocity of connections in weighted and unweighted networks

Bivariate Bernoulli and bivariate geometric distributions are proposed to model reciprocity in weighted and unweighted networks. Sampling properties of commonly used reciprocity measures are studied, under both presence and absence of reciprocity. Extensions to situations where link parameters depend on outgoing and incoming nodes are investigated. Results are illustrated with a data set, on 50 anesthesia providers at a hospital, that describes the number of times an anesthesia provider starting an operation transfers his/her responsibilities to another anesthesia provider.     

Joint models for mixed categorical outcomes: a study of HIV risk perception and disease status in Mozambique

Two types of bivariate models for categorical response variables are introduced to deal with special categories such as ‘unsure’ or ‘unknown’ in combination with other ordinal categories, while taking additional hierarchical data structures into account. The latter is achieved by the use of different covariance structures for a trivariate random effect. The models are applied to data from the INSIDA survey, where interest goes to the effect of covariates on the association between HIV risk perception (quadrinomial with an ‘unknown risk’ category) and HIV infection status (binary). The final model combines continuation-ratio with cumulative link logits for the risk perception, together with partly correlated and partly shared trivariate random effects for the household level. The results indicate that only age has a significant effect on the association between HIV risk perception and infection status. The proposed models may be useful in various fields of application such as social and biomedical sciences, epidemiology and public health.     

在丛生的意象群落中呈现诗魂--读段光安的诗

段光安是对诗的创作规律有深切领悟的一位中年诗人，把强大的生命之火注入到丛生的意象之中，使意象成为诗人主观情思的对应物，这是段光安诗性思维的明显特征。丰富的生活积累，勤奋的艺术追求，对诗歌把握世界的方式的独特见解，感受着诗歌这一崇高的生命形式的呼唤，使他的眼前展开一道通向诗歌天国的云梯。     

Bivariate versus univariate ordinal categorical data with reference to an ophthalmologic study

The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy is a population-based epidemiological study carried out in Southern Wisconsin during the 1980s. The resulting data were analysed by different statisticians and ophthalmologists during the last two decades. Most of the analyses were carried out on the baseline data, although there were two follow-up studies on the same population. A Bayesian analysis of the first follow-up data, taken four years after the baseline study, was carried out by Angers and Biswas [Angers, J.-F. and Biswas, A., 2004, A Bayesian analysis of the four-year follow-up data of theWisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy. Statistics in Medicine, 23, 601–615.], where the choice of the best model in terms of the covariate inclusion is done, and estimates of the associated covariate effects were obtained using the baseline data to set the prior for the parameters. In the present article we consider an univariate transformation of the bivariate ordinal data, and a parallel analysis with the much simpler univariate data is carried out. The results are then compared with the results of Angers and Biswas (2004). In conclusion, our analyses suggest that the univariate analysis fails to detect features of the data found by the bivariate analysis. Even an univariate transformation of our data with quite high correlation with both left and right eyes is inadequate.     

人性与自由情感——兼论奥斯卡影像美学

人类存在着两类不同性质的情感：自由情感和必然情感。所谓自由情感指的是刺激源和这种情感对象之间没有任何直接的利害关系条件下所产生的情感。美的本质就在于自由情感。奥斯卡艺术堪称电影艺术中的经典。奥斯卡奖近百年的评奖历史证明人性是社会大众和奥斯卡奖评委共同的最好的审美趣味激发源。其中爱情、亲情、友情是奥斯卡影像中最浓墨重彩的人性主题，是自由情感的主要源泉，也是奥斯卡影像美学的核心。