Comparing several experimental groups with a control in the multivariate case

This paper presents a multivariate extension of Dunnett's test for comparing simultaneously k treatment group means with a single control group mean. A test based on Hotelling T²statistics is presented and approximate critical values are evaluated for the case of equal numbers of observations in each group, for the .05 and .01 levels of significance, for 1 to 5 variates, for 1 to 10 treatment groups, and for varying degrees of freedom. The accuracy of the procedure for generating approximate critical values is assessed via simulation studies conducted for selected cases and an example is presented using real data.     

A Feminist Policy Analysis Framework

ABSTRACT

Most policy analysis models, both inside and outside of social work, approach policy in a gender-neutral manner. This fact belies the many ways our society is organized around gender, which is often regulated through policy. This article outlines a model for looking at policies through a gendered lens by framing a set of questions to be asked in a feminist policy analysis. The complexities and underlying issues inherent in such a model are discussed, as well as the model's implicit goals and values. The model provides an important framework for policy analysts and teaching students about policy.     

Ranking paired contestants

The ranking of paired contestants (players) after a series of contests is difficult when every player does not play every other player. In the 1975 JASA Mark Thompson presented a maximum likelihood solution based on the assumption that the probability of any one player defeating any other is a function only of the difference in their ranks. Here the linear approximation to that likelihood is shown to lead to a nonparametric measure of the efficacy of the ranking, called the net difference in ranks (NDR) , which is the sum of the differences in ranks of the paired players in the observed contests that agree with the ranking minus the sum of the differences in ranks in the observed contests that disagree with the ranking (upsets) . The subject is part of a large literature that has been consolidated by H.A. David in The Method of Paired Comparisons (1963, 1988). The method was introduced by the psychophysicist Fechner in 1860 and has been widely applied to sensory testing,     

The Worker's Role in Collectivity

This paper examines the worker's role in collectivity. Modifications are required because collectivity, as an entity, does not aid the worker as effectively as does a fully-formed social work group. The worker is therefore obliged to move the worker role into the gaps created by the nature of the structure.     

Sex and Gender Implications in Cases of Elder Abuse

This paper focuses on caregiving which has failed. Although little attention has been given to the role of sex and gender in elder abuse, an analysis of 77 cases of elder abuse seen in the Detroit area in 1981 revealed that both factors play a role in generating elder abuse, neglect, or exploitation, or in determining its form. Gender issues included: patterns of spouse abuse in old a e; gender differences in the types of abuse/neglect/exploitation wfich were perpetrated; gender concerns of the abuser which generate abuse; and sex or gender discrimination as a type of abuse of the elderly. Sexual factors observed included: parent-child incest; marital rape in old age; and problems of sexual malfunction which helped to generate the abuse. Suggestions for improved professional identification and management of elder abuse cases are made.     

Multiperiod Forecasts of Interest Rates

The accuracy of forecasts of interest rates over different forecast horizons and time periods is examined. The results indicate a deterioration in “absolute” forecast accuracy measured by the mean absolute error and the root mean squared error but no decrease in “relative” accuracy measured by the Theil coefficient with an increase in the forecast span. The results also indicate a decline in accuracy in periods of volatile interest rates. Support is found for the hypothesis that the ratio of the variability of predicted changes to that of actual changes falls with an increase in the forecast horizon.     

儿童文学与上海出版业的渊源

上海为什么会成为中国儿童文学的摇篮?儿童文学在中国上海的出现是历史的必然选择还是一种意外收获?本文将着重从西法印刷、晚清传教士办报以及商务印书馆和中华书局的创建,考察早期著名儿童刊物的创刊、早期重要儿童文学论著的出版,解析上海近现代出版业的兴起与儿童文学的渊源,探寻儿童文学在中国发生、发展的坎坷之路。     

章怀太子墓壁画《仪卫图》与“画圣”吴道子

章怀太子墓室壁画是唐人物画中的最具代表性作品之一。特别是《仪卫图》的绘画风格和绘画技法,有"吴带当风"独特性。笔者认为,有很多历史线索和证据都在向我们表明,该作品的作者很有可能就是我国唐朝最著名的"画圣"吴道子。     

青年毛泽东与五四时期湖南女子解放

五四时期,青年毛泽东为湖南女子解放鼓与呼.同时,他对这一问题的认识也是较全面而深刻的.