Second-derivative functional regression with applications to near infra-red spectroscopy

A linear regression method to predict a scalar from a discretized smooth function is presented. The method takes into account the functional nature of the predictors and the importance of the second derivative in spectroscopic applications. This motivates a functional inner product that can be used as a roughness penalty. Using this inner product, we derive a linear prediction method that is similar to ridge regression but with different shrinkage characteristics. We describe its practical implementation and we address the problem of computing the second derivatives nonparametrically. We apply the method to a calibration example using near infra-red spectra. We conclude with a discussion comparing our approach with other regression algorithms.     

New simulation results for the calibration and inverse median estimation problems

This paper gives the results of a new simulation study for the familiar calibration problem and the less familiar inverse median estimation problem. The latter arises when one wishes to estimate from a linear regression analysis the value of the independent variable corresponding to a specified value of the median of the dependent variable. For example, from the results of a regression analysis between stress and time to failure, one might wish to estimate the stress at which the median time to failure is 10,000 hours. In the study, the mean square error, Pitman closeness, and probability of overestimation are compared for both the calibration problem and the inverse median estimation problem for (1) the classical estimator, (2) the inverse estimator, and (3) a modified version of an estimator proposed by Naszodi (1978) for both a small sample and a moderately large sample situation.     

关于《高等代数》教材中2道习题的注记

从北京大学王萼芳等人和北京师范大学张禾瑞等人编著的《高等代数》教材中各析出1道习题，分别指出了2道习题中存在的问题与错误．     

Testing for mean and variance differences with samples from distributions that may be non-normal with unequal variances

The problem of comparing several samples to decide whether the means and/or variances are significantly different is considered. It is shown that with very non-normal distributions even a very robust test to compare the means has poor properties when the distributions have different variances, and therefore a new testing scheme is proposed. This starts by using an exact randomization test for any significant difference (in means or variances) between the samples. If a non-significant result is obtained then testing stops. Otherwise, an approximate randomization test for mean differences (but allowing for variance differences) is carried out, together with a bootstrap procedure to assess whether this test is reliable. A randomization version of Levene's test is also carried out for differences in variation between samples. The five possible conclusions are then that (i) there is no evidence of any differences, (ii) evidence for mean differences only, (iii) evidence for variance differences only, (iv) evidence for mean and variance differences, or (v) evidence for some indeterminate differences. A simulation experiment to assess the properties of the proposed scheme is described. From this it is concluded that the scheme is useful as a robust, conservative method for comparing samples in cases where they may be from very non-normal distributions.     

运动生理学科在中学体育教学及训练中作用的探讨

探讨了运动生理学在中学体育教学和训练中的作用 .对 6 4名中学体育教师进行了调查 ,结果表明 ,运动生理学较其它人体学科的应用率较高 ,且对体育教学和运动训练指导作用明显 ,这些为运动生理学教学改革提供了参考依据     

Physical activity in the life of a woman with cerebral palsy: physiotherapy,social exclusion,competence, and intimacy

Although physical activity can have substantial mental and physical health benefits, people with cerebral palsy usually lead sedentary lives. To understand, at an individual level, this inactivity, we interviewed a 29-year-old minimally active woman with cerebral palsy (Alana) about the meanings and experiences of physical activity throughout her life. Using a case-study approach, we found that Alana had adverse childhood experiences with physical activity, including: having to perform difficult, and sometimes painful, physiotherapy; wearing callipers to assist her walking; demonstrating limited competence at physical activity; being excluded from physical education and other organised physical activity at school; and feeling socially isolated from her classmates. These experiences seemed to contribute to feelings of difference/inferiority and the subsequent avoidance of physical activity, which, in turn, might have contributed to premature functional decline. Physical activity levels in people with cerebral palsy might be increased through focusing on enhancing childhood experiences.     

谈高校体育课运动量的安排

体育课运动量适当与否对完成教学任务、提高体育教学质量都具有重要的作用。在高校体育教学中 ,教师应能根据教学需要 ,针对学生的生理和心理特点 ,结合教材的性质 ,合理地安排、调整好课堂运动量 ,引导学生科学地进行体育锻炼 ,以保证体育教学任务的顺利完成     

Nonspecific Urethritis: Its Current Status

Abstract

The etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of nonspecific urethritis (N.S.U.) is discussed. Chlamydia seems to be responsible for approximately 40–50% of cases while the etiology of the remainder remains obscrue. There seems to be reasonably good evidence for venereal transmission as well as for treatment of the female partner whether symptomatic or asymptomatic.

Tetracyline given for 21 days or oxytetracycline given for four days seem to be the most effective first line treatment regimens at this time.

Complications which include prostatitis, epididymitis, urethral stricture, and Reiter's Syndrome, are discussed. It appears as though there is a reasonable possibility that Reiter's Syndrome is a separate entity (or immunological sequela) rather than a complication.     

30分钟快步行走对冠心病患者IGF-1和CRP的影响

目的观察30分钟3千米的有氧运动训练方案对冠心病患者(非心绞痛型)IGF-1和CRP水平的影响。方法回顾我科2013年1~6月期间收治的符合入组条件的冠心病患者,按开始接受冠心病二级预防治疗已满2周、4周和9周的时间点,随机抽取符合本次试验的患者,并建议其返回医院,完善本次试验对应时间点的相关检测指标,作为对照组(A组);对我科2013年6~12月期间收治的符合入组条件的冠心病患者作为观察组(B组),给予每日30分钟3千米快步行走的运动康复方案。结果 B组患者运动满2周时的IGF-1水平较A组患者无显著性差异(P0.05);B组患者运动满4周和9周时的IGF-1水平较A组患者升高,但B组患者9周时的IGF-1水平较4周时的IGF-1水平无明显变化(P0.05);B组患者运动满2周、4周和9周时的CRP水平较A组患者无明显差异(P0.05);IGF-1水平和CRP水平之间未提示有相关性。结论 30分钟3千米快步行走的有氧运动方式改善了冠心病患者运动4周、9周后的IGF-1水平,但运动9周后的IGF-1水平较4周时,未见进一步提升;本次观察结果未显示该运动方案对CRP水平有影响,也未提示IGF-1水平与CRP水平之间有相关性。     

大众健身科学化的意义及实施标准和策略

大众健身科学化能大大提升民众的身心健康素质,有效提高民众健身的效果,有利于全民健身目标的实现。大众健身科学化应该遵循如下标准和实施策略：80％以上的居民必须具备科学的健身意识,大众健身科学化必须有政府的参与和大力支持,做到健身运动的项目选择、层次安排、运动强度和运动频率等的科学化。随着大众健身科学化的进程,大众健身的目标和人们的高质量生活需求一定能完满达成。