KMnO4制备酸度的控制

高锰酸钾是一种重要的锰的化合物,它的制备目前主要是用锰酸钾为中间产物来制备。在实验教学中按照北师大等编无机实验教材,学生做"高锰酸钾的制备"实验存在一些问题,于是对锰酸钾歧化反应所处环境酸度的控制方法进行了探究、对比、分析,并提出该实验的最佳方案。     

基于低碳经济的省域高碳战略产业分析

在低碳经济浪潮中,高碳战略产业对省域影响巨大。碳可通过高碳链传导。对省域高碳初级能源产业与下游高碳战略产业分别聚类分析,可找出相应低碳压力集团。通过因子分析,可形成省域高碳战略产业低碳压力综合评价。省域战略高碳产业需要正确的发展战略。     

市场型环境规制政策有效性检验——来自碳排放权交易政策视角的经验证据

本文基于我国2005—2017年30个省(区、市)面板数据,以碳排放权交易试点政策为准自然试验,采用双重差分模型和空间计量方法,检验碳排放权交易政策的有效性、影响机制和“两难问题”。结果发现:市场型环境政策有效且存在跨界减排效应,即碳排放权交易政策可以降低本地碳排放,其碳减排效应逐年增强,而且同期本地碳交易政策实施可以形成邻地示范效应,推动相邻地区碳减排。碳排放权交易政策主要通过调整能源结构,提高地区技术水平,推动地区绿色技术发展,实现地区碳减排,且当前阶段能源结构调整的碳减排效应最强,约占总体减排效应的36.9%,而绿色技术进步的贡献仅为11.6%。碳排放权交易政策可以有效克服环境与经济的“两难问题”,同步实现碳减排和提高经济效率的双重目标,实现经济与环境相容发展。     

Detecting instants of jumps and estimating their intensity in the context of p derivatives with continuous or discrete data

In this article, we consider the ARD^(p)(1) process where D[0, 1] is the space of cadlag function and the pth derivative has a possible jump. One envisages to detect the position and intensity of jump in the context of p derivatives with continuous or discrete data. We also envisage jump for the (p + 1)th derivative. The main result allows to detect jump and to detect intensity of jump simultaneously. Asymptotic results are derived.     

Variable selection for spatial Poisson point processes via a regularization method

It is often of interest to use regression analysis to study the relationship between occurrence of events in space and spatially-indexed covariates. One model for such regression analysis is the Poisson point process. Here, we develop a method to perform the selection of covariates and the estimation of model parameters simultaneously for this model via a regularization method. We assess the finite-sample properties of our method with a simulation study. In addition, we propose a variant of our method that allows the selection of covariates at multiple pixel resolutions. For illustration, we consider the locations of a tree species, Beilschmiedia pendula, in a study plot at Barro Colorado Island in central Panama. We find that Beilschmiedia pendula occurs in greater abundance at locations with higher elevation and steeper slope. Also, we identify three species to which Beilschmiedia pendula tends to be attracted, two species by which it appears to be repelled, and a species with no apparent relationship.     

An alternative assessment of global climate policies

This paper analyzes alternative pricing schemes for funding investment in climate policies. This paper proposes a new policy scenario, explicitly disentangling the issue of burden sharing of financing new investments from the issue of taxation energy consumption and therefor emissions. We compare traditional allocation schemes with an optimal Ramsey pricing by applying demand elasticity values, derived from empirical estimations of household behavior for the 106 leading countries in the world, representing around 90% of total world energy consumption and carbon emissions in 2014. We calculate country-specific alternative taxation options: uniform, equitable and Ramsey pricing schemes, applied to households, assessing the related welfare effects. Our results show that the optimal pricing scheme, for a given investment need, can improve world welfare at the expenses of equitable considerations. In addition, the aggregate societal benefit outweighs the losses associated with specific group of countries, paving the way for easier political agreement, using compensation schemes to redistribute the proceeds.     

《低碳转型计划》与英国能源战略的转向

《低碳转型计划》是英国应对气候变化和能源安全的国家战略文件,也是其完成未来能源组合的全面规划。该文件巩固了英国以市场为导向的能源创新体系,改变了单一的新能源发展路径,为推动英国低碳经济奠定了坚实的政策基础。同时作为能源战略转向的标志性文件,它凝练了英国政府多年在能源法律政策上的经验教训,为稳定能源投资,走出金融危机,继续引领全球气候政治提供了法律政策保障。对此,中国应借鉴英国能源法律政策的立法经验,提升新能源的战略价值,尽早促成安全低碳的新能源中长期规划。     

技术进步对中国二氧化碳排放的影响

 本文将内生增长理论与环境污染模型相结合,运用1997-2007年中国省市面板数据,对我国二氧化碳排放的影响因素进行实证分析,着重研究了技术进步（包括自主研发和技术引进）对CO2减排的贡献。本文得到如下结论:总体而言,我国CO2排放总量上升与经济总量的扩大、工业化水平的提高以及贸易自由化进程的加快等因素正相关;其次,自主研发、技术引进对我国的CO2减排具有显著的促进作用,但自主研发对引进技术的吸收能力较低, 在促进生产率提高和节能减排方面,与技术引进形成互补优势的能力尚待提高;再次,技术进步对我国CO2排放的影响表现出明显的地区差异。     

西部民族地区生态补偿的新思维——碳汇交易的视角

西部民族地区按照国家主体功能区划属于禁止开发区,不但失去了依靠工业发展的机会,还要为下游地区的可持续发展提供生态屏障,为此而得到的补偿仅来自于政府的财政转移支付,而且补助标准偏低,市场化补偿长期缺位,历史欠账太多,生态产品输出人群后续发展及环境保护乏力。碳汇交易的缘起与快速发展,无疑加快了生态补偿的市场化进程,为西部民族地区生态保护,富边强民提供了新思路。