小半径曲线并大坡度盾构施工管片破损及上浮受力分析

以天津地铁三号线水上北路站～吴家窑站盾构区间施工为背景，在管片处于小半径曲线、大坡度盾构施工的情况下，对管片的受力分析，讨论了引起管片破损及管片上浮的原因，并提出了相应的技术控制措施。研究结果印证了在地质为淤泥质粉质粘土层的条件下，管片破损的主要原因是推进油缸的靴撑对管片产生的侧向分力；管片上浮的决定性因素为壁后注浆的静态上浮力和千斤顶的推力，以及在设计轴线的法线上产生的向上的分力。     

论《周易》的符号学思想

中国古代没有符号学学科。公元前22世纪至公元前12世纪,即夏商时代,已有卜筮之术。它通过对一些特殊符号的运作,对未来事件进行预测,其中已有符号学的萌芽。在夏代这种方法称为“连山”,在商代则称为“归藏”。到了周代(公元前11世纪起),这一套卜筮之术形式更为完备,解释也日益丰富,名之为“周易”。后来,《周易》被推为六经之首。经过历代学者的注释与补充,其内蕴已远远超出了卜筮之术的原有性质,而具有精湛深邃的哲学、文学、政治、历史与社会学的内容,也包含有系统丰富的符号学思想。     

The influence of parents’ social capital on their children’s transition to vocational training in Germany

This study investigates the up-to-now strongly underexplored role of parents’ social capital in the school-to-work transition of adolescents. We base our empirical analyses on unique longitudinal largescale data from the German National Educational Panel Study. Parents’ social capital is measured with a position generator. Results show that adolescents with lower secondary education have better chances of finding an apprenticeship in a company if their parents know many persons with lower-status occupations for which vocational training is sufficient. This is especially the case for parents’ social contacts that have occupations in which many adolescents with lower secondary education are being trained in a company. The contrary is true for adolescents whose parents know many persons with higher-status occupations. Parents’ social networks do not show any effects on the quality of these apprenticeships or on the probability of entering school-based vocational training. Overall, our results indicate that parents’ social networks are important for a smooth school-to-work transition of their children. Moreover, our analyses confirm the idea that social capital is goal and labour market segment specific.     

浅论人体环节参数与专项化个性化的现代体育训练

体育与科技的联姻是体育运动发展的趋势,文章认为通过对生物力学分析中所采用的几种人体环节参数的研究,可得出对我国运动员进行动作分析时最适合采用的人体环节参数,为专项化、个性化的现代训练提供定量的依据。     

英漢語翻譯與標點符號研究

近年來西方對標點符號研究揭示了標點符號與語言有著密切的關係;翻譯是語言之間的翻譯,所以翻譯也與標點符號有著密切的聯繫,標點符號在翻譯中也會起著重要的作用。本文試圖系統地探討翻譯單位與標點符號關係,這就要涉及到翻譯過程、翻譯環境和翻譯品質這三個方面。英漢語翻譯中的翻譯單位問題,化了較大的篇幅進行討論,在不受西方語言學干擾的情況下,我們提出了以標點符號切分單位為英漢語翻譯单位的新觀點。英漢語間標點符號的翻譯受翻譯環境的影響,如何處理也會影響到翻譯品質。無論是從語言學還是從翻譯角度,這樣的研究視野都是全新的。     

基于数字滤波器的镀锌板缺陷分割

采用基于数字滤波的方法进行镀锌板的缺陷分割。论述了该方法的原理、鲁棒性和特征向量维数选取。对于计算模板的大小的选取和运算时间也作了一定的说明。最后给出了实验结果,进一步证实了该方法的可行性。     

企业分部报告披露问题探讨

从分部报告的国际比较出发,针对中国财政部于2001年11月印发的《企业会计准则—分部报告》(征求意见稿)中的披露问题,从披露模式、内容、结构、范围、方式和时间六方面进行了研究,并提出了适合中国市场经济状况的设想,以期对中国分部报告准则的正式出台有所助益。     

加强分部信息披露提高财务报告质量

分析阐明衡量企业财务报告质量的标准,进而提出分部信息产生的背景,然后从理论上和实证研究中找到证据,说明分部信息符合决策有用性这一财务报告目标,从而加强其披露是提高财务报告质量的有效途径之一,这对我国完善上市公司信息披露制度具有现实意义.     

Community Networks in a Generational Perspective: The Change of an Electronic Medium Within Three Decades

Since the inception of electronic community networks in the USA in the 1970s, their goal has remained the provision of support to help the organization of communities at a local level. Despite major commonalities, the authors of this paper identify three generations that coincide roughly with the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. They are clearly differentiated in terms of technology, applications, organization and key actors. This analysis of the US experience of community networks draws on Karl Mannheim's sociological concept of generations to help understand change and adaptability in sociotechnical systems. It is the combined influence of the respective zeitgeist, the advent of a new technology, the influences of technical predecessors, and the appearance of new groups of actors that lead to a generational change. Options for the future of not-for-profit community networks and the possible emergence of a fourth generation are presented which, in the opinion of the authors, lie in a return to their roots. A brief overview of community networks in Europe is also provided.