民事二审发回重审制度的缺陷与重构

长期以来,人民法院在发回重审问题上,存在着理念上对发回重审过分依赖,过分强调以审判权为本位;发回重审的理由缺乏可操作性,具有极大的不确定性;对发回重审的案件审理缺乏相应的制约措施,不利于保护当事人的合法权益等缺陷.为了克服这些缺陷,必须从以下几方面对发回重审制度进行重构:明确发回重审的理由;限制发回重审的次数;赋予当事人的程序选择权;增加对发回重审案件的审理的制约措施.     

关于刑事案件卷宗改革的法律思考

刑事案件的卷宗 ,是刑事诉讼机制赖以正常运作的载体。但司法实践中长期奉行的卷宗中心主义对卷宗过度信任、依赖 ,导致案件事实发现与人权保障的刑事诉讼目标难以真正实现 ,必须予以改革。考虑我国国情和司法实际状况 ,刑事案卷制度的完善应以相对合理主义为指导 ,区分不同的诉讼阶段采取相应的改革举措 ,走渐进的改革之路。     

Dynamic allocation as a balancing act

The CPMP Points to Consider on Adjustment for Baseline Covariates recently came into operation. As well as providing sound guidance, this document states a strong position against dynamic allocation. This paper reviews the most important issues involved and aims to stimulate interest in further investigating alternative allocation methods in clinical trials. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

When is a curve an outlier? An account of a tricky problem

ABSTRACT The analysis of a set of data consisting of N short (≤20 observations each) multivariate time series, where the observations are irregularly spaced and where observations for the different components of each multivariate series are observed at different times, is discussed. With the increased use of automatic recording devices in many fields, data such as these, which are of course samples from smooth response curves, are becoming more common. In this application, which was a clinical trial comparing two cements for use in hip replacement surgery, the key to the analysis was in recognizing that the interest lay in the degree to which the five curves representing a patient's vital signs deviated from baseline (i.e., normal for that patient) during surgery. This enabled the statisticians to define appropriate response variables. The analysis included Rosseeuw's (1984) technique for the identification of multivariate outliers and logistic regressions to identify any effects on the process producing the outliers due to treatment or covariates.     

民事诉讼审前准备程序的功能及制度完善

《民事诉讼法》及相关程序立法,对民事诉讼审前程序做出了相关界定,但相对简单、粗放,当事人参与程度极低,无法充分实现审前准备程序的功能。审前准备程序需要建立完善的制度保障,包括强制诉答制度、诉讼失权制度、审前和解制度等,为提高司法效率、迅速妥善解决纠纷奠定基础。     

论民事审限制度的改进

民事审限制度的建构应当以保护权利、追求效率和制约权力为基本价值。健全我国的民事审限制度必须重视我国社会由乡土社会向现代社会转变的大背景、时下社会公众对司法权力的信任状况和现阶段我国法官素质等实际情况。     

Testing circular symmetry

The author addresses the problem of testing circular data for reflective symmetry about an unknown central direction and proposes a simple omnibus test based on the sample second sine moment about an estimation of this direction. Under quite general conditions, for an underlying distribution which is reflectively symmetric, the large‐sample asymptotic distribution of the test statistic is standard normal. Randomization and bootstrap variants of the test are also introduced, and the operating characteristics of different versions of the test are investigated in a Monte Carlo study. The large‐sample and bootstrap versions of the test are applied in the analysis of two illustrative examples drawn from the circular statistics literature.     

昆明话和普通话"VV"、"V(一)下"的功能、形式对比

与其他西南官话相比,昆明方言最突出的特点之—就是具有动词重叠式,形成了"VV"与"V一下"表示短暂、尝试意义两种形式共存的局面。表面看,这两种形式及其表意功能与普通话是一致的,但如果着眼于二者在各自语言系统中与相关形式的依存关系,却存在较大差异。通过与各种相关形式的对比分析,可以分析出昆明话这两种形式与普通话的系统差异以及结合历史来源探讨两种形式间的依存关系,从而在此基础上进行语言形式和功能的对比研究。     

ANOMALIES, PROBINGS, INSIGHTS: KEN FOREMAN'S ROLE IN THE SAMPLING INFERENCE CONTROVERSY OF THE LATE 20TH CENTURY

This paper is based on the author's recollections of work done for and with E.K. Foreman, and later developments of that work. It describes most particularly the author's early intimations of the potential for using prediction models in survey sampling, the reasons why the use of such models, especially for inferential purposes, was so strongly resisted in the second half of the 20th century, the manner in which randomization and prediction inferences can be combined, and some advantages flowing from that combination.