逻辑悖论的语义动力学分析及其意义

本文着重介绍了Patrick Grim等人提出的一种分析逻辑悖论的新方法,即悖论的语义动力学方法。然后在此基础上,分析了该方法在逻辑悖论研究中,特别是在悖论语义复杂性结构分析、为语义悖论提供科学分类依据的研究中,乃至在一般性互涉句群语义分析研究中的重要意义。最后运用悖论语义动力学方法的结果．针对悖论式禅境的性质分析,给出了一种实际应用,用以说明悖论语义动力学分析方法的普适性应用价值。     

From sociology to historical social science: prospects and obstacles

Analysis is provided of the roots of sociology and its links with historical optimism. Particular focus is placed by such a sociology upon the origins of modernity and problems of urban disorder. Sociology's golden age was in the immediate postwar period. But since the 1960s, 'globalization', the sciences of complexity and cultural studies have transformed the context for sociology (especially transforming the so-called 'two cultures'). The article concludes with some wide-ranging recommendations as to how sociology should be developed into a re-unified, historical social science on a truly global scale.     

‘Pragmatic complexity’ a new foundation for moving beyond ‘evidence-based policy making’?

Despite a range of criticism, the realm of policy still remains dominated by the rational, positivist and quantitative approaches of New Public Management, ‘evidence-based’ approaches and target/accountancy oriented ‘scientific’ management. Two notable attempts to develop an alternative to this dominant framework, however, have come from the older tradition of American pragmatism and the newer approach of complexity. In this article we introduce some of the core concepts of pragmatist philosophy and complexity relating to policy making. We then explore some of the key premises for bringing these two fields together and subsequently apply this ‘pragmatic complexity’ approach and a Stacey Diagram to drug policy. We argue that a marriage of pragmatism and complexity can provide a positive alternative conception of the relationship between scientific knowledge and decision-making and offers a way to integrate a scientific approach with democratic deliberation and values.     

基于复杂性范式的知识管理研究

本论文在对知识管理的历史演进和发展现状进行回顾的基础上，分析了知识管理传统范式的局限性和缺点。在阐述复杂性以及复杂系统的基本概念和基本理论的基础上，提出可复杂范式的科学性和必要性，并建立了组织知识管理复杂性范式的坐标模型和系统模型，并对模型进行了复杂性分析。     

Presenting Geographic Information: Effects of Data Aggregation,Dispersion, and Users' Spatial Orientation

Geographic information systems (GIS) have taken on an increasingly important role supporting decision making in many organizations. GIS have been used to support a breadth of tasks including oil and mineral exploration, facility location, logistics support, and facilities management decisions. The effectiveness of GIS as a decision support tool comes primarily from the visual display of data in the form of maps. When presenting information as a geographic map, the level of data aggregation potentially affects aspects of task complexity such as information load and the potential for pattern recognition by the user. Other task attributes expected to be related to data aggregation effects include problem size, the degree of data dispersion, and users' spatial orientation skills. We conducted an experiment to study these effects and their interactions. Subjects used a GIS including map-based information characterized by different levels of problem size, data dispersion, and data aggregation. Spatial orientation skill was examined as a covariate in the experimental treatments. The results indicate that all of these geographic information characteristics have significant impacts on decision performance. Moreover, many interactions are present among the factors. We evaluate these interactions in order to derive implications for practice and for future research.     

Complexity as an empirical tendency: Promoting non-measurement as a means to enhanced understanding

In this conceptual paper, I seek to provide an organising framework for conducting qualitative research in complexity studies in management. Building upon the underlying logic of Kauffman’s NK(C) model and the notion of second-order complexity, I urge management researchers interested in complex adaptive systems to capture, understand, and articulate complexity as an empirical tendency as opposed to the measurement-driven orientation of many scholars. I contend that the latter orientation’s illusion for numerical precision, predictive accuracy and generalizable truthfulness is not only undoable but also unnecessary in the context of providing practically meaningful and realistic recommendations to those interested in complexity.     

卢曼“复杂性理论”辩证——兼论其信任观之内涵

卢曼基于信任而化解社会复杂性的论述具有科学主义特点,即他虽认识到社会存在的复杂性并提出通过建立“信任系统”来化解复杂性并简化社会生活,但他没有认识到社会的复杂性正是源于人自身的复杂性,因此他试图超越人自身而在纯理论的层面建构“系统化”的信任连续体——从“人格信任、系统信任到信任的信任”就是不可能实现的,这样他之“信任理论”就得之于思辩的精深却失之于具体社会生活的无关性,总之是因为他没有认识到社会生活过程的辩证存在与“复杂性”自身与人之间的辨证关系。这也从另一个层面说明在现代社会中对“技术理性”的坚持必须与对“人文理性”的坚守相统一,顽固坚持“技术理性”就会再次陷入“理性崇拜”的老路上。     

维汉语言接触过程中的借贷

文章拟在前人研究的基础上进一步论述维汉语言接触过程中的借贷形式、借贷的途径、借贷的语音形式及借贷与音系繁化。也正是因为借贷才会导致受借语言的音系繁化并使受借语言（维吾尔语）与施借语言（汉语）在语音上趋于同构,最终达到一个互协的过程。     

Incomplete Contracts and Complexity Costs

This paper investigates, in a simple risk-sharing framework, the extent to which the incompleteness of contracts could be attributed to the complexity costs associated with the writing and the implementation of contracts. We show that, given any measure of complexity in a very general class, it is possible to find simple contracting problems such that, when complexity costs are explicitly taken into account, the contracting parties optimally choose an incomplete contract which coincides with the default division of surplus. Optimal contracts with complexity costs are constrained efficient in our model. We therefore interpret our results as saying that, in the absence of a strategic role for complexity costs, their effect is entirely determined by their size relative to the size of payoffs.