Semi-empirical likelihood inference for the ROC curve with missing data

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is one of the most commonly used methods to compare the diagnostic performance of two or more laboratory or diagnostic tests. In this paper, we propose semi-empirical likelihood based confidence intervals for ROC curves of two populations, where one population is parametric and the other one is non-parametric and both have missing data. After imputing missing values, we derive the semi-empirical likelihood ratio statistic and the corresponding likelihood equations. It is shown that the log-semi-empirical likelihood ratio statistic is asymptotically scaled chi-squared. The estimating equations are solved simultaneously to obtain the estimated lower and upper bounds of semi-empirical likelihood confidence intervals. We conduct extensive simulation studies to evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed empirical likelihood confidence intervals with various sample sizes and different missing probabilities.     

Exact sample size determination in a weibull test plan when there is time censoring

Engineers who conduct reliability tests need to choose the sample size when designing a test plan. The model parameters and quantiles are the typical quantities of interest. The large-sample procedure relies on the property that the distribution of the t -like quantities is close to the standard normal in large samples. In this paper, we use a new procedure based on both simulation and asymptotic theory to determine the sample size for a test plan. Unlike the complete data case, the t -like quantities are not pivotal quantities in general when data are time censored. However we show that the distribution of the t -like quantities only depend on the expected proportion failing and obtain the distributions by simulation for both complete and time censoring case when data follow Weibull distribution. We find that the large-sample procedure usually underestimates the sample size even when it is said to be 200 or more. The sample size given by the proposed procedure insures the requested nominal accuracy and confidence of the estimation when the test plan results in complete or time censored data. Some useful figures displaying the required sample size for the new procedure are also presented.     

Who is a Distracted Driver? Associations between Mobile Phone Use while Driving,Domain‐Specific Risk Taking,and Personality

Mobile phone use while driving (MPUWD) is an increasingly common form of distracted driving. Given its widespread prevalence, it is important for researchers to identify factors that may predict who is more likely to engage in this risky behavior. The current study investigates associations between MPUWD risk behaviors, domain‐specific risk perceptions, and broad personality dimensions. An Italian community sample (n = 804) completed a survey regarding MPUWD risk perceptions and engagement in MPUWD, in addition to the HEXACO‐PI‐R, a broad six‐factor personality inventory (honesty‐humility, emotionality, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience), and the DOSPERT, a six‐factor domain‐specific self‐report risk‐taking measure (health/safety, recreational, social, ethical, gambling, and investment). With respect to domain‐specific risk taking, greater frequency of SMS use while driving most strongly was associated with greater risk taking for the health/safety, gambling, and ethical risk domains. Further, greater honesty‐humility and conscientiousness, two traits related to cognitive control and risk behaviors, and to a lesser extent openness to experience, were associated with less frequent MPUWD, and positively associated with MPUWD risk perceptions. With growing public safety concern surrounding MPUWD, understanding associated personality factors is not only important for identifying psychological mechanisms underlying risk behavior, but also for more effective prevention and intervention programs.     

Bootstrap method in ranking and slippage problems

In this paper, the bootstrap method of Efron (1979) is given for a ranking and a slippage problem, where the ranking (or slippage) is with respect to the mean of the distributions. The method is also applied to obtain a confidence interval for the largest mean.     

认知语言学视角下拟人与隐喻的比较

认知语言学通常把拟人视作最典型的本体（实体）隐喻,称为拟人隐喻,从而认为隐喻和拟人都是基于体验性和相似性的源域向靶域的映射。在认同隐喻和拟人都是不同概念间跨域联结的心智模式基础上,本文提出：隐喻是喻体（源域）向本体（靶域）的静态映射,本体、喻体在字面上兼具;而拟人是将本体融合在拟体中,非人本体被活化在拟体人中,并不显现,源域中拟人之体代其行事,从而得出结论：拟人是基于“转喻人”的隐喻。     

Checking validity of monotone domain mean estimators

Estimates of population characteristics such as domain means are often expected to follow monotonicity assumptions. Recently, a method to adaptively pool neighbouring domains was proposed, which ensures that the resulting domain mean estimates follow monotone constraints. The method leads to asymptotically valid estimation and inference, and can lead to substantial improvements in efficiency, in comparison with unconstrained domain estimators. However, assuming incorrect shape constraints may lead to biased estimators. Here, we develop the Cone Information Criterion for Survey Data as a diagnostic method to measure monotonicity departures on population domain means. We show that the criterion leads to a consistent methodology that makes an asymptotically correct decision choosing between unconstrained and constrained domain mean estimators. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 47: 315–331; 2019 © 2019 Statistical Society of Canada     

政治哲学研究的问题域探析

政治哲学是对政治本质以及政治科学整个发展进程和其蕴含的价值取向的考察和反思,是对政治科学的基本问题即研究主题问题的探究,其研究范畴指涉相关的问题域:由对政治的本质及分界问题的探求,对政治作为一门科学的发展过程的审视和对政治科学发展取向的价值判断的厘清等诸多问题建构而成。     

关于域名法律保护的思考

随着互联网的发展,域名法律保护问题已成为司法实践的焦点,域名纠纷对传统法律制度提出了挑战.文章分析了域名的法律性质,即域名权是一种识别性标记权,是一种新的、独立的知识产权,阐述了域名注册行为的合法性,并提出我国完善域名保护的一些建议.     

英语中名词性间接回指的认知语义解析

根据兰盖克的认知语法,英语中名词性间接回指的语义本质是基体—侧重有机结合体。名词性间接回指含有两个基本构成元素,即先行项和名词性回指项,但二者不共指。回指项的语义预设了先行项的意义,先行项的语义就成为名词性间接回指的基体。分析不同类型的名词性间接回指的语义特征,并指出名词性间接回指的语义是存在于认知主体大脑中的心理实体,它必然受到认知主体的认知域的限制,所以名词性间接回指的解读存在一定的个体差异性。