Combined double sampling and variable sampling interval np chart

A combined double sampling and variable sampling interval (DSVSI) np chart is investigated in this study. The optimal design of the DSVSI np chart is based on minimizing the out-of-control average time to signal. From the numerical results, the DSVSI np chart performs reasonably well in comparison with the standard np chart, double sampling np chart, synthetic double sampling np chart, and other existing np type control charts for detecting increases in the process of fraction non conforming, based on the zero-state case. An example is provided to illustrate the application of the DSVSI np chart.     

The increase in marital status differences in mortality up to the oldest age in seven European countries, 1990–99

We investigate mortality differentials by marital status among older age groups using a database of mortality rates by marital status at ages 40 and over for seven European countries with 1 billion person-years of exposure. The mortality advantage of married people, both men and women, continues to increase up to at least the age group 85–89, the oldest group we are able to consider. We find the largest absolute differences in mortality levels between marital status groups are at high ages, and that absolute differentials are: (i) greater for men than for women; (ii) similar in magnitude across countries; (iii) increase steadily with age; and (iv) are greatest at older age. We also find that the advantage enjoyed by married people increased over the 1990s in almost all cases. We note that results for groups such as older divorced women need to be interpreted with caution.     

Turbulent dynamics in a Xviith century population

A reconstruction of the population of the Pays de Caux (1589–1700) yields the time series of a fertility behavior indicator, the overall Coale index If. In spite of the noisy appearance of its evolution, the trajectory of If looks ordered, as if it were confined alternatively to two given zones, looping in each of them for a while, then suddenly jumping from the low one to the higher one, or slowly whirling down from the high to the low one.

An attempt is made to explain this general temporal structure by using a simulation model based on the autoregulation model (the so‐called European Marriage Pattern), putting into play a choice of the spouse function, a fertility function, modalities of marriage and remarriage, under the environmental forcing of the reconstructed mortality conditions.

The correspondence between reconstruction and simulation turns out to be quite good, not only for the population size or the Coale index, but also for the marriage series, quite independently of the reconstructioa

A second simulation with simulated mortality conditions shows a bifurcation point: as the mean frequency of crisis increases, the state of the system leaves the lower level and concentrates more and more in the higher level.

Thus, not only does the autoregulator model appear validated by empirical data, but its bi‐modal structure is revealed, depicting the dynamic response of a traditional community both to the environment and to the endogeneous demographic process.     

现代汉语习惯体分析

文章介绍了围绕着习惯体的类型学争论,具体分析了汉语中习惯体的表达方法和时间指涉特点,在此基础上进一步分析了习惯体和非现实原型的相似度,认为汉语中存在习惯体并且比较接近非现实范畴。     

百年“嘉靖说”学术史的回顾与反思

《水浒传》成书于元末明初自上世纪30年代以来逐渐成为比较权威和主流的观点，但反对的声音亦未销声匿迹。近30年来以张国光、石昌渝等为代表学者提出的嘉靖说越来越受到学界的重视并得到不少学人的响应，大有取代元末明初说之势。文章在爬梳大量研究文献的基础上，从学术史的视角对嘉靖说的学术源流和研究方法进行了回顾和反思。     

On the distributions of the differences between the estimated autocorrelations and partial autocorrelations at the same lag

Pukkila (1982) introduced a new portmanteau-type test of white noise. The test is based on the differences between the estimated autocorrelations and the corresponding partial autocorrelations. In the present paper the distributions of these differences are consider in the case of normal white noise. Approximations to these distributions are given. Goodness of fit of these theoretical distributions and the corresponding observed distributions is studied using simulated time series of various lengths.     

A Subset Selection Procedure for Selecting the Exponential Population Having the Longest Mean Lifetime When the Guarantee Times are the Same

ABSTRACT

Consider k(≥ 2) independent exponential populations Π₁, Π₂, …, Π _k , having the common unknown location parameter μ ∈ (?∞, ∞) (also called the guarantee time) and unknown scale parameters σ₁, σ₂, …σ _k , respectively (also called the remaining mean lifetimes after the completion of guarantee times), σ _i  > 0, i = 1, 2, …, k. Assume that the correct ordering between σ₁, σ₂, …, σ _k is not known apriori and let σ_[i], i = 1, 2, …, k, denote the ith smallest of σ _j s, so that σ_[1] ≤ σ_[2] ··· ≤ σ_[k]. Then Θ _i  = μ + σ _i is the mean lifetime of Π _i , i = 1, 2, …, k. Let Θ_[1] ≤ Θ_[2] ··· ≤ Θ_[k] denote the ranked values of the Θ _j s, so that Θ_[i] = μ + σ_[i], i = 1, 2, …, k, and let Π_(i) denote the unknown population associated with the ith smallest mean lifetime Θ_[i] = μ + σ_[i], i = 1, 2, …, k. Based on independent random samples from the k populations, we propose a selection procedure for the goal of selecting the population having the longest mean lifetime Θ_[k] (called the “best” population), under the subset selection formulation. Tables for the implementation of the proposed selection procedure are provided. It is established that the proposed subset selection procedure is monotone for a general k (≥ 2). For k = 2, we consider the loss measured by the size of the selected subset and establish that the proposed subset selection procedure is minimax among selection procedures that satisfy a certain probability requirement (called the P*-condition) for the inclusion of the best population in the selected subset.     

Record values and related statistics - a review

In this brief survey, we discuss major developments of the past decade in the study of record values, record times, inter-record times and some related statistics from a series of observations     

Testing Goodness of Fit of Parametric AFT and PH Models with Residuals

In this article, we consider the problems of testing the goodness of fit of the parametric accelerated failure time model and the Cox proportional hazards model. We consider omnibus test statistics based on residuals. The statistical distributions of Kolmogorov, Cramer-von Mises–Smirnov, and Anderson–Darling statistics are all investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Type-I, Type-II, and independent random censoring situations are all considered in this study. A Monte Carlo power study has also been carried out for these tests to distinguish between various baseline models, which reveals that the Anderson–Darling test performs better than the others.     

Fixed-width sequential confidence interval for the correlation coefficient of a bivariate normal distribution

A sequential confidence interval of fixed width 2d d > 0, is constructed for the correlation coefficient of a bivariate normal distribution. It is shown that the coverage probability is approximately equal to a preassigned number γ, 0 < γ < as d → 0.