歌德《威廉·迈斯特》中的教育思想

在18～19世纪欧洲社会变革的大背景下，分析了歌德《威廉·迈斯特》中的教育思想。分析认为，《威廉·迈斯特》作为教育／启悟小说，不仅追寻一种和谐健全的人性理想，而且思考了宗教信仰和人性关系；表达了歌德对教育实践的思考，即艺术是培养全面发展和和谐一致的人的一种手段，社会也不能束缚个人的发展。     

Fire Risks in Oil Refineries: Economic Analysis of Camera Monitoring

A probabilistic method is presented to evaluate the economic value of fire monitoring by closed circuit TV camera in petroleum refineries. The proposed model is restricted to the analysis of risk reduction in an area where fires can be caused either by pump failure or by failure of valves and lines. The benefits come from reducing the time during which the fire grows undetected. Fire growth and expected values of losses are analyzed by a Markov model that includes five phases: (1) active undetected growth, (2) detection, (3) fire growth at the beginning of the firemen's intervention, (4) fire control, and (5) fire extinction. The results (e.g., the expected net present value of the investment) show that the proposed monitoring investment is attractive for an illustrative example.     

论“与时俱进”的理论内涵

江泽民同志在"七一"讲话中指出:与时俱进是马克思主义的理论品质。这一科学论断既是对马克思主义科学性的新概括,更是对其理论创新的实质要求。它强调了坚持、运用和发展马克思主义一定要以变化着的社会实践为根本价值参照;一定要敢于和善于解放自己、否定自己;强调了理论创新的基本原则是求立性、升级性和单维指向性。     

先秦诸子论礼与法(下)

法家以重“法”而称于世。梁启超说:“其发生甚早或竟在儒家前”,其确立则在儒墨道之后[1]（p78）。春秋至于战国,其代表人物多直接参与政治,为相于各诸侯国,如管仲、子产、李悝、吴起、申不害、商鞅等。而立言者则有慎到、韩非,又“《管     

论诉讼时效开始

我国《民法通则》对诉讼时效的规定过于原则 ,不利于指导司法实践活动 ,应进行研究和修改     

项目管理的多维结构体系

本文从时间、交付物、专业技术、管理职能等方面出发,尝试建立项目管理的多维结构体系。     

从时间知觉到时间心理学的研究

时间心理学的发展趋势是：随着研究方法的不断进步和研究视野的不断扩大,研究的领域逐渐拓展,逐步走向多方法多取向的、全面综合的研究。在早期的时间知觉阶段,研究了刺激的时间特性的影响;在时间认知阶段,研究了个体的认知因素的影响;在时间心理学阶段,研究了个体的人格特征的影响。我国时间心理学的发展趋势是起步较晚,但进展较快。在时间知觉阶段,我国的研究相对较少,而到了时间心理学阶段,我国的研究已经走在世界的前列。     

On the Complexity of Constructing Evolutionary Trees

In this paper we study a few important tree optimization problems with applications to computational biology. These problems ask for trees that are consistent with an as large part of the given data as possible. We show that the maximum homeomorphic agreement subtree problem cannot be approximated within a factor of , where N is the input size, for any 0 in polynomial time unless P = NP, even if all the given trees are of height 2. On the other hand, we present an O(N log N)-time heuristic for the restriction of this problem to instances with O(1) trees of height O(1) yielding solutions within a constant factor of the optimum. We prove that the maximum inferred consensus tree problem is NP-complete, and provide a simple, fast heuristic for it yielding solutions within one third of the optimum. We also present a more specialized polynomial-time heuristic for the maximum inferred local consensus tree problem.     

Health Risk Assessment of a Modern Municipal Waste Incinerator

During the modernization of the municipal waste incinerator (MWI, maximum capacity of 180,000 tons per year) of Metropolitan Grenoble (405,000 inhabitants), in France, a risk assessment was conducted, based on four tracer pollutants: two volatile organic compounds (benzene and 1, 1, 1 trichloroethane) and two heavy metals (nickel and cadmium, measured in particles). A Gaussian plume dispersion model, applied to maximum emissions measured at the MWI stacks, was used to estimate the distribution of these pollutants in the atmosphere throughout the metropolitan area. A random sample telephone survey (570 subjects) gathered data on time-activity patterns, according to demographic characteristics of the population. Life-long exposure was assessed as a time-weighted average of ambient air concentrations. Inhalation alone was considered because, in the Grenoble urban setting, other routes of exposure are not likely. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to describe probability distributions of exposures and risks. The median of the life-long personal exposures distribution to MWI benzene was 3.2·10^–5 g/m³ (20th and 80th percentiles = 1.5·10^–5 and 6.5·10^–5 g/m³), yielding a 2.6·10^–10 carcinogenic risk (1.2·10^–10–5.4·10^–10). For nickel, the corresponding life-time exposure and cancer risk were 1.8·10^–4 g/m³ (0.9.10^–4 – 3.6·10^–4 g/m³) and 8.6·10^–8 (4.3·10^–8–17.3·10^–8); for cadmium they were respectively 8.3·10^–6 g/m³ (4.0·10^–6–17.6·10^–6) and 1.5·10^–8 (7.2·10^–9–3.1·10^–8). Inhalation exposure to cadmium emitted by the MWI represented less than 1% of the WHO Air Quality Guideline (5 ng/m³), while there was a margin of exposure of more than 10⁹ between the NOAEL (150 ppm) and exposure estimates to trichloroethane. Neither dioxins nor mercury, a volatile metal, were measured. This could lessen the attributable life-long risks estimated. The minute (VOCs and cadmium) to moderate (nickel) exposure and risk estimates are in accord with other studies on modern MWIs meeting recent emission regulations, however.     

企业经济活动预测问题的一种数学模型及其应用

介绍了企业经济活动预测问题的一种数学模型 ,通过矩阵的运算 ,运用Matlab数学软件 ,使问题迅速得到解决 ,并通过举例说明了其应用