论公民社会与社会工作——公民社会视角下的中国社会工作

回顾改革开放以来的几十年,中国正在由一个高度政治化的社会向一个多元化的公民社会演变,政府职能开始转变,民间社会从政治权力中逐渐分离出来,并显示了巨大的能量。大政府、小社会的政治格局正在发生变化,社会工作在这一背景下也在悄悄的改变。本文就是具体论述在这一转变之后,社会工作和公民社会间的关系。首先对公民社会中的社会工作进行宏观考察,分析公民社会下社会工作、国家权力和公民三者之间的关系。公民社会与社会工作之间存在互动的关系。两者之间相互影响,相互作用。社会工作对公民社会的作用有:社会工作为公民提供帮助,救助公民于危难之时;社会工作帮助公民解困;社会工作帮助公民更好地发展。公民社会对社会工作的作用:公民社会监督社会工作组织;公民社会监督和保护社会工作者;公民社会在经济上支持社会工作。     

Response predictions in regressions on panel data

In this paper we consider the problem of obtaining best linear unbiased estimators of individual response coefficients in a Random Coefficient Linear Regression (RCR} Model, comparing alternative estimators for these response vectors through a simulation study. We also provide an empirical example that illustrates the estimation procedure proposed here.     

Four Correlation Coefficients with a Third Blocking Variable: Their Efficacy,Relative Efficiency,and Test Statistics

Abstract

The efficacy and the asymptotic relative efficiency (ARE) of a weighted sum of Kendall's taus, a weighted sum of Spearman's rhos, a weighted sum of Pearson's r's, and a weighted sum of z-transformation of the Fisher–Yates correlation coefficients, in the presence of a blocking variable, are discussed. The method of selecting the weighting constants that maximize the efficacy of these four correlation coefficients is proposed. The estimate, test statistics and confidence interval of the four correlation coefficients with weights are also developed. To compare the small-sample properties of the four tests, a simulation study is performed. The theoretical and simulated results all prefer the weighted sum of the Pearson correlation coefficients with the optimal weights, as well as the weighted sum of z-transformation of the Fisher–Yates correlation coefficients with the optimal weights.     

Planning for the 1950 Censuses of Population and Agriculture

The change from the z of “Student's” 1908 paper to the t of present day statistical theory and practice is traced and documented. It is shown that the change was brought about by the extension of “Student's” approach, by R.A. Fisher, to a broader class of problems, in response to a direct appeal from “Student” for a solution to one of these problems.     

An Improved Boxplot for Univariate Data

The boxplot is an effective data-visualization tool useful in diverse applications and disciplines. Although more sophisticated graphical methods exist, the boxplot remains relevant due to its simplicity, interpretability, and usefulness, even in the age of big data. This article highlights the origins and developments of the boxplot that is now widely viewed as an industry standard as well as its inherent limitations when dealing with data from skewed distributions, particularly when detecting outliers. The proposed Ratio-Skewed boxplot is shown to be practical and suitable for outlier labeling across several parametric distributions.     

企业非确定型决策与中庸

在企业常用的非确定型决策方法中 ,决策者对未来所持的态度不同 ,选择的方案就不同。如何保持正常的心态 ,作出科学的选择 ,这一思想正好与中国传统文化中道德领域的中庸相一致。中庸强调“既不太过 ,也不不及” ,保持“适中”的人生态度。古为今用 ,不同领域 ,问题的根本都是对不确定型问题的决策     

从解一个古典概率问题所想到的

文章给出一个古典概率问题的两个解法，从而导出几个有趣的等式。     

产品品种繁多类型企业投入产出表的处理思想与方法

对于生产装配性产品的机械企业，由于产品与原材料种类繁多，将造成企业投入产出表的规模庞大，致使投入产出表的编制、计算和使用产生诸多问题，甚至难以实现。为了控制表的规模，常采用将消耗量相近、生产工艺相近的产品合并的做法。但这种做法严重影响了投入产出表的精度和应用效果。因此，本文讨论了更为有效的解决这类问题的思想和方法。     

Semiparametric Inference Methods for General Time Scale Models

In this paper we consider semiparametric inference methods for the time scale parameters in general time scale models (Oakes, 1995, Duchesne and Lawless, 2000). We use the results of Robins and Tsiatis (1992) and Lin and Ying (1995) to derive a rank-based estimator that is more efficient and robust than the traditional minimum coefficient of variation (min CV) estimator of Kordonsky and Gerstbakh (1993) for many underlying models. Moreover, our estimator can readily handle censored samples, which is not the case with the min CV method.