Model specification tests against non-nested alternatives

Non-nested hypothesis tests provide a way to test the specification of an econometric model against the evidence provided by one or more non-nested alternatives. This paper surveys the recent literature on non-nested hypothesis testing in the context of regression and related models. Much of the purely statistical 1iterature which has evolved from the fundamental work of Cox (1961, 1962) is discussed briefly or not at all. Instead, emphasis is placed on those techniques which are easy to employ in practice and are likely to be useful to applied workers.     

论当事人举证的程序保障

现行法在当事人举证方面存在权利不足、程序缺失以及无法从效果上得到体现等问题。为了保障当事人举证权利有效实现,真正体现权利和义务的统一。当事人举证的程序保障至少应包括如下几个方面:充分的举证权利、完备的举证程序以及裁判文书的充分说理等。     

铁路养护便携式智能综合测量仪的实现

采用低功耗89C55型CPU与少量外围芯片、宽温型背光点阵式液晶显示器、高精度传感器结构智能铁道测试仪。其操作方式由液晶汉字提示，测量数据由仪器自动检测纪录，故障自动提示并声音报警。作为铁轨直线段和小曲率半径线段的综合测量仪器，可测量两条轨道的内侧宽度、两条轨道的高度差和测量记录点的定点距离。经过大量现场测量试验，其全部性能基本达到设计指标要求。     

Estimation Under the Lehmann Regression Model with Interval-Censored Data

We consider the estimation problem under the Lehmann model with interval-censored data, but focus on the computational issues. There are two methods for computing the semi-parametric maximum likelihood estimator (SMLE) under the Lehmann model (or called Cox model): the Newton-Raphson (NR) method and the profile likelihood (PL) method. We show that they often do not get close to the SMLE. We propose several approach to overcome the computational difficulty and apply our method to a breast cancer research data set.     

The p-value Function and Statistical Inference

ABSTRACT

This article has two objectives. The first and narrower is to formalize the p-value function, which records all possible p-values, each corresponding to a value for whatever the scalar parameter of interest is for the problem at hand, and to show how this p-value function directly provides full inference information for any corresponding user or scientist. The p-value function provides familiar inference objects: significance levels, confidence intervals, critical values for fixed-level tests, and the power function at all values of the parameter of interest. It thus gives an immediate accurate and visual summary of inference information for the parameter of interest. We show that the p-value function of the key scalar interest parameter records the statistical position of the observed data relative to that parameter, and we then describe an accurate approximation to that p-value function which is readily constructed.     

基于DSP技术的钻井参数数据采集系统的设计

设计了一种基于DSP技术的钻井工程参数随钻数据采集系统。钻压、扭矩、侧向力、环空压力等钻井工程参数可以随钻进行测试。该数据采集系统采用TI公司的TMS320LF2407A芯片为主控制器,另外设计了相应的外围信号调理电路、存储模块、通信模块等。一个测试实例说明该数据采集系统用于井下钻井工程参数的测试是可行的。     

Proportional hazards regression for cancer screening data

The complication in analysing tumour data is that the tumours detected in a screening programme tend to be slowly progressive, which is the so-called left-truncated sampling that is inherent in screening studies. Under the assumption that all subjects have the same tumour growth function, Ghosh [Proportional hazards regression for cancer studies, Biometrics 64 (2008), pp. 141–148] developed estimation procedures for proportional hazards model. In this note, by modelling growth function as a function of covariates and parameterizing the distribution function of left truncation time, we demonstrate that Ghosh's approach can be extended to the case when each subject has a specific growth function. A simulation study is conducted to demonstrate the potential usefulness of the proposed estimators for the regression parameters in the proportional hazards model.     

依托学科竞赛提升测控专业学生综合素质培养

测控技术及仪器专业知识结构复杂,培养高综合素质学生存在许多困难.分析了测控专业学生综合素质现状,提出了依托学科竞赛培养测控学生综合素质的方法,详细阐述了学科竞赛在综合素质培养不同阶段和不同能力培养中的作用.要充分发挥学科竞赛对提高学生综合素质的重要作用,必须科学规划,将日常教学、课程建设、实践环节、激励机制建设等与学科竞赛相结合,建立合理的学科竞赛平台和激励机制,充分发挥指导教师和参赛学生的积极性,扩大参赛学生比例,才能取得良好的效果.     

试论“风格感”的多重内容及其对钢琴演奏的意义

钢琴演奏需要具备一定的“风格意识”或称“风格感”。“风格”一词具有多重含义．如可以用时代风格、作曲家风格、体裁风格、乐器风格等四个维度来加以阐释。在较为具体的、可量化的层面上对“风格感”这一术语的含义加以把握，对钢琴演奏具有积极的意义。     

伊德工具实在论理论内涵及悖论分析

工具实在论是唐·伊德科学解释的核心观念之一,它突出了科学理解中的工具因素,为科学理解提供了一种工具化的维度.其内涵包括:工具与工具的使用活动是两个不同的范畴;工具是前理解结构;没有工具就没有科学;科学并非理论,而是实在.但是,这一观念忽略了个人旨趣、理论作用、视域差异及工具地位.事实上个人旨趣决定着科学家制造工具和选择工具的过程,理论与工具的作用需要辩证地看待,视域差异决定着实在的样式,工具是知觉的延伸.对工具实在论的研究有助于进一步了解伊德后现象学的相关问题.