Relationship between Financial Stress and Workplace Absenteeism of Credit Counseling Clients

The researchers examined how financial stress was associated with absenteeism of credit counseling clients. Data were collected by a national non-profit credit counseling organization, from consumers who telephoned seeking assistance in debt management. The results indicate credit counseling clients’ financial stress affects their absenteeism at work. Clients with high levels of financial stress are more likely to experience higher levels of absenteeism; thus spending work hours handling personal finances, which decreases the time they are at work. The results suggest some insight into providing financial education and assistance for employees with financial strains as productivity loss might influence their pay.Appreciation is extended to the InCharge Institute of America and the InCharge Education Foundation for supporting this research. Dr. Kim served as an InCharge Scholar during this research effort.     

信用风险:新世纪金融市场的重大挑战

信用风险已经成为当代金融市场的重要风险之一 ,其主要表现为全球债务规模急剧扩张、作为信用主体的商业银行危机四伏、金融衍生品交易快速膨胀带来的巨大不确定性。此外 ,新的债务主体不断增加、新的金融交易品种不断推出等都使得整个社会的信用风险增大了。在这样的金融环境下 ,需要我们对信用风险的测度与管理重新进行定位 ,以防范信用风险 ,保持经济与金融的快速健康发展     

论物权契约

物权契约是德国法的一个抽象的概念,是德意志法的产物,无因性是物权契约的理论基础。物权契约理论一直为一些德国学者和法官批判,近年来出现了一种物权契约理论相对化的发展趋势。物权契约是德国法所特有的,并没有为世界其他国家的法律实践所采纳,我国的情况也大致如此。     

信贷结构失衡:表现、诱因与政策建议

目前,我国金融机构的信贷结构存在着不容忽视的失衡现象,如短期资金来源与长期资金运用不匹配、贷款的地区投向差异过大、贷款的行业集中度过高等,这些问题的存在,正制约着我国经济及金融业的健康发展。因此,应通过优化金融机构的资产负债结构、构筑完善的资本市场体系、强化国家宏观调控以改变银行贷款投放的行业和地区配置等,来尽快化解这些问题。     

Do Forbearance Plans Help Mitigate Credit Card Losses?

In this paper, we examine how reinstated (i.e., re-aged) credit card accounts are likely to default again. Our sample data reveal that about 22% of the re-aged accounts default again, mostly in the first 24 months after reinstatement. We also find that a FICO score (public information) is a better predictor of a second default, while a payment behavioral score (private information) is a better predictor of a first default. Furthermore, the average FICO score of the 78% of the re-aged borrowers who did not default again rises about 20 points, an improvement in their relative risk profile overall. These findings suggest that the re-aging program provides a second chance for liquidity-constrained borrowers who would have otherwise defaulted on their debt.

Credit Constraints and Human Capital Investment in College Education

Using data from the Health and Retirement Study 2001 Human Capital Investment Survey, this article examines the impact of credit market constraints on investment in college education. The effect of family income on college attendance may not be as big as perceived in some previous studies. The interest rates faced by children from middle families are the lowest in the credit market. The research suggests that various government programs aiming to help children from poor families may be effective, but only at the extensive margin—by improving their access to college education. For those who get into college, underinvestment by students from poor families remains a significant problem.

信用缺失与权利义务的失衡

权利与义务是社会关系的基本内容,也是信用关系的基本内容。信用虽然表现为对于人们交往活动的基本义务要求,但其实质却是对于权利的承认与尊重,权利与义务的统一是信用秩序赖以建立和维持的基础。社会信用缺失的根源在于权利与义务的分裂和背离,因此,重建信用的核心在于为守信者提供利益保障,使背信之人受到应有的制裁,恢复权利与义务的平衡。在信用秩序的重建过程中,制度具有关键的作用。只有道德的价值导向与制度的利益导向的有机结合,社会信用秩序的重建才有希望。     

基于SVM的中小企业集合债券融资个体信用风险度量研究

中小企业集合债券融资个体的信用风险度量面临小样本、非线性、高维数等现实问题,传统的评估方法很难适用。为了弥补传统评估方法的不足,提高信用风险度量的准确性,建立了适用性更强的信用风险评估指标体系,并引入基于统计学习理论的SVM模型对融资个体信用风险进行度量。选取径向基核函数作为支持向量机的核函数,通过数据的转化与缩放、参数的优选,最终获得了分类效果比较好的中小企业集合债券融资个体信用风险度量模型。经实际数据检验,模型的预测准确率为90.77%,具有较强的适用性。     

加强诚信文化建设，促进新疆社会和谐

诚信文化是中华民族优秀文化的重要组成部分。在新疆这样一个多民族多宗教地区,诚信也成为新疆各民族传统文化的重要内容。在当前形势下,加强新疆诚信文化建设必须坚持以政府为主导,以社会主义核心价值体系为引领,坚持依法治国与以德治国相结合,创新以诚信为核心的信用体系,发扬各民族的诚信文化传统。     

Bayesian Inference in Dynamic Disequilibrium Models: An Application to the Polish Credit Market

We propose a Bayesian approach for inference in a dynamic disequilibrium model. To circumvent the difficulties raised by the Maddala and Nelson (1974 Maddala , G. , Nelson , F. ( 1974 ). Maximum likelihood methods for models of markets in disequilibrium . Econometrica 42 ( 6 ): 1013 – 1030 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) specification in the dynamic case, we analyze a dynamic extended version of the disequilibrium model of Ginsburgh et al. (1980 Ginsburgh , V. , Tishler , A. , Zang , I. ( 1980 ). Alternative estimation methods for two regime models . European Economic Review 13 : 207 – 228 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). We develop a Gibbs sampler based on the simulation of the missing observations. The feasibility of the approach is illustrated by an empirical analysis of the Polish credit market, for which we conduct a specification search using the posterior deviance criterion of Spiegelhalter et al. (2002 Spiegelhalter , D. J. , Best , N. G. , Carlin , B. P. , Van Der Linde , A. ( 2002 ). Bayesian measures of complexity and fit . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Ser. B 64 : 583 – 639 .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]).