共同富裕是社会主义的本质体现

共同富裕思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分 ,是社会主义的目的、根本原则和本质体现。平均主义、两极分化不是共同富裕 ,小康社会的全面建成将是共同富裕的初步实现。实现共同富裕必须有效调控收入差距     

Second order efficiency for a class of estimators within the multinomial family

All the estimators considered by Rao (1961; 1963) belong to a certain class of minimum discrepancy estimators. A new representation of Rao s second measure of second order efficiency is given for estimators belonging to this class.     

Deficiencies of minimum discrepancy estimators

Suppose the multinomial parameters p_r (θ) are functions of a real valued parameter 0, r = 1,2, …, k. A minimum discrepancy (m.d.) estimator θ of θ is defined as one which minimises the discrepancy function D = Σ n_rf(p_r/n_r), for a suitable function f where n_r is the relative frequency in r-th cell, r = 1,2, …, k. All the usual estimators like maximum likelihood (m. l), minimum chi-square (m. c. s.)., etc. are m.d. estimators. All m.d. estimators have the same asymptotic (first order) efficiency. They are compared on the basis of their deficiencies, a concept recently introduced by Hodges and Lehmann [2]. The expression for least deficiency at any θ is derived. It is shown that in general uniformly least deficient estimators do not exist. Necessary and sufficient conditions on p_r (0) for m. t. and m. c. s. estimators to be uniformly least deficient are obtained.     

A study of uniformity pattern for extended designs

The objective of this paper is to investigate the issue of projection discrepancy for extended U-type or nearly U-type extended designs along the line of Fang and Qin (2005 Fang, K. T., and H. Qin. 2005. Uniformity pattern and related criteria for two-level factorials. Science China Series A 48:1–11.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) based on the centered L₂-discrepancy proposed in Hickernell (1998 Hickernell, F. J. 1998. A generalized discrepancy and quadrature error bound. Mathematics of Computation 67:299–322.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Extended designs are obtained through augmenting optimally few runs (or points) to an optimal U-type design. Lower bounds to projection discrepancy with reference to the centered L₂-discrepancy of extended designs have been obtained. Some illustrative examples are also provided.     

当下中国女性教育差异问题分析

在我国和谐社会的建构中,随着国家对女性教育的重视以及教育投入的加大,女性在教育机会与教育的量上得到了大幅度提高,而与此同时,当下女性教育所面临的是更为深层、也更为艰难的问题,它不是简单地通过加大投入、增加教育量的供给能解决的,而是要对教育理念、教育体系本身进行反思,实现教育质的平等。本研究主要对近十年来中国妇女的受教育机会分配状况进行描述,并尝试对男女两性教育上的差异进行量与质的区分。     

汉英概念化差异对各自动宾结构的影响

以动词“吃”为调查对象进行汉英动宾结构的对比分析,说明英汉动词概念化差异对各自动宾结构的语义系统有一定影响：英语的动词概念化方向通常较为具体明确,其主、宾成分必须同时出现,标明方向的起点与终点;而汉语的动词概念化方向的模糊性使得其主、宾成分不需要随时出现来标示概念化方向,这就给其它语义成分占据主、宾语位置提供了可能性。     

期望落差与企业创新的动态关系——冗余资源与竞争威胁的调节效应分析

期望落差导致决策者倾向于冒险创新还是规避风险, 这仍旧是没有解决的重要问题.创新是决策者的冒险动机与冒险能力共同作用的结果, 并且这种作用还将受到企业内部冗余资源以及外部竞争威胁的制约.基于中国民营上市公司数据, 主要得到以下几方面的结论:期望落差所引致的冒险动机与可感知冒险能力的动态变化, 最终导致了企业决策者随着企业期望落差的递增而提升创新投入, 但拐点之后其冒险创新的动力则逐渐减弱;组织冗余在期望落差与企业创新之间起到显著的正向调节作用, 即充足的冗余资源提高了落差状态下的企业创新投入;竞争威胁则在期望落差与企业创新之间起到显著的负向调节作用, 即企业面临的竞争威胁程度越高则越有可能降低它在期望落差状态下的创新投入;最后, 冗余资源与竞争威胁还显著地影响到企业创新投入的曲率及斜率的动态变化.