固相化学反应研究(Ⅶ) 反应截面移动法研究氯化镍与H_2DMG的固相配位反应

用反应截面移动法研究了氯化镍与H_2DMG的固相配位反应。首次提出了用反应截面移动法计算等温固相反应动力学参数的方法,推测了可能的反应机理。     

Comparing Several Regression Models with Unequal Variances

We consider the problem of comparing k regression models, when the variances are not assumed to be equal. For this problem, the classical F test can lead to misleading results, and there is no simple test which adequately controls the size when the sample sizes are small. For k = 2, the most widely used test is the “weighted F test,” also known as the “asymptotic Chow test.” But this test does not work well for small samples, and various modifications have been proposed in the literature. For k > 2, few tests are available and only the parametric-bootstrap (PB) test of Tian et al. (2009) Tian, L., Ma, C., Vexler, A. (2009). A parametric bootstrap test for comparing heteroscedastic regression models. Communications in Statistics—Simulation and Computation, 38, 1026–1036.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar] controls the size fairly adequately. In this article, we propose three fairly simple F tests which can easily be applied in the general case, k ? 2, and avoid the complications of the PB test. Our simulations indicate that these tests have satisfactory performance. Also, our simulations confirm that the power properties of our proposed tests are similar to the PB test. Therefore, our proposed tests provide simple alternatives to the PB test, which can easily be used by practitioners who may not be familiar with the PB.     

燃气轮机实际循环熵产分析与性能参数评价

基于热力学第二定律,引入无量纲熵产数Ns表示燃气轮机装置热力性能完善程度,对其进行热力性能熵产分析.研究了表征燃气轮机装置热力性能参数:回热度σ、温度比τ、压力比π、循环有用功系数λ等对循环性能的影响及其相互关系.结果表明,采用有回热的循环Ns相比无回热的循环Ns明显减小,且在σ较大的情况下,Ns随π增大而增大,但变化不明显,随τ增大而减小.因此可通过增大τ、增大σ(≥0.7)和适当选取π以获得较大的循环热效率ηi及较小的Ns.在较高τ的情况下,尽量提高λ,以减小Ns.     

基于人工神经网络的2A70铝合金形变显微组织预测

在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上对2A70铝合金试样在变形程度为60％、变形温度为360℃～480℃、变形速率为0.01～1S^-1的条件下进行等温恒应变速率压缩试验及固溶处理。分析热变形参数对合金固溶后显微组织的影响，结果表明，2A70铝合金的晶粒尺寸随温度的升高而增大，随变形程度和速率的增大而减小。采用BP神经网络的方法预测2A70铝合金固溶处理后的平均晶粒尺寸，对于样本数据，模型的相对误差不超过±5％；对于非样本数据，模型的相对误差不超过±8％。     

Evaluation of Beta Generation Algorithms

In this article, we discuss the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) for the exponential and Weibull distributions by considering progressive Type-I interval censored data. For exponential distribution, the explicit expression of MLE of failure rate cannot be obtained when the intervals are not equal in length. The direct application of some numerical algorithms, such as the Newton–Raphson algorithm, is non-ideal because of the cumbersome second derivative. We apply some equivalent quantities to obtain the MLE of failure rate of exponential distribution. Based on the equivalent quantities and the Weibull-to-exponential transformation technique, we propose a new algorithm to obtain the MLEs for the parameters of progressive Type-I interval Weibull data. An example reanalysis and some simulation studies are carried out to illustrate the performance of the estimations using the new algorithm.     

On nonlinear random effects models for repeated measurements

Linear random effects models for longitudinal data discussed by Laird and Ware (1982), Jennrich and Schluchter (1986), Lange and Laird (1989), and others are extended in a straight forward manner to nonlinear random effects models. This results in a simple computational approach which accommodates patterned covariance matrices and data insufficient for fitting each subject separately. The technique is demonstrated with an interesting medical data set, and a short, simple SAS PROC IML program based on the EM algorithm is presented.