Evaluating lifetime performance for the Pareto model with censored and imprecise information

A lifetime capability index L _tp has been proposed to measure the business lifetime performance, wherein output lifetime measurements are assumed to be precise from the Pareto model with censored information. In the present study, we study a more realistic situation where the lifetime output data are imprecise. The approach developed by Buckley [Fuzzy system, Soft Comput. 9 (2005), pp. 757–760; Fuzzy statistics: Regression and prediction, Soft Comput. 9 (2005), pp. 769–775] incorporated with some extensions (a set of confidence intervals, one on top of the other), is used to construct the triangular-shaped fuzzy number for the fuzzy estimate of the L _tp. With the sampling distribution of the unbiased estimator of the L _tp, two useful fuzzy inference criteria, its critical value and fuzzy p-value are obtained to assess the lifetime performance. The presented methodology can handle the lifetime performance assessment on the condition that sample lifetime data are involved with imprecise information, classifying the lifetime performance with the three-decision rule. With different preset requirements and a certain degree of imprecise data, we also develop a four quadrants decision-making plot where managers can easily simultaneously visualize several important features of lifetime performance for making a decision. An example of business lifetime data is given to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method.     

语境顺应论在英文电影片名翻译中的应用研究

随着国际间文化交流的不断加深,电影作为一种流行的大众传媒方式越来越多地涌入国际市场;并以其受众面广,表达形式多样发挥着信息传播和文化交流的作用。电影不仅在教育、娱乐等方面不断发展,其商业功能也越来越受到人们的重视。这一切都对电影的翻译,特别是电影片名的翻译提出了新挑战。由于汉民族文化与英美文化之间不同的文化因素、表达习惯、商业因素等,因此译者在翻译片名时,语境顺应对电影片名翻译的影响和制约尤为重要,语境制约翻译、翻译依赖语境。语境顺应是实现理想翻译的关键,也是评价译文质量的主要标准。本文主要从电影片名的特点和功能着手,论述了语境顺应论在电影片名翻译中的功效和指导意义。     

试论民族社会工作者文化能力的培养

文化能力是社会工作者必备的专业能力之一,在社会工作专业关系的建立与维持,界定案主的问题与需要方面发挥着重要的作用。民族社会工作是社会工作的一个分支学科,民族社会工作的主要服务对象是带有独特文化的民族成员。因此,民族社会工作者的文化能力在民族社会工作实务过程中显得尤为重要。如何培养并提高自己的文化能力,提高服务的质量成为民族社会工作者必须要考虑的问题。本文围绕民族社会工作者文化能力培养这一主题,从文化能力的概念与内涵、培养文化能力的必要性、文化能力的理论基础与基本假设以及文化能力的培养途径等四个方面探讨了民族社会工作者的文化能力培养问题。     

经济集聚视角下我国地方政府的征税策略及其影响因素研究

利用1999—2008年中国280个城市的工业企业微观数据,通过构建三维经济集聚指标体系,本文度量了我国地方经济的集聚特征;分别采用均值回归和分位数回归面板计量模型实证研究了我国地方政府对工业企业的征税策略以及企业实际税率的影响因素。结果表明：①东部与中西部地区的集聚形态和规模差别较大;②地方政府依据不同的经济集聚特点采取差异化的征税策略,其税收竞争是政策引导下政府与企业的智慧博弈,而非“逐底竞争”;③东部地区企业实际税负与劳均资本、资本流动性的关系有别于中西部地区;④企业性质结构、企业规模和城市基建水平均对企业实际税负的影响显著。     

舆情概念辨析

＂舆情＂是一个被广泛应用,但又缺乏普遍共识的本土概念。本文对中国历史上舆情一词的缘起、运用、当前我国学术界对舆情概念的界定进行了梳理与评述,并在此基础上分析了中国＂舆情＂与西方＂public opinion＂概念的关系及区别。     

我国城乡居民消费行为差异研究

本文使用1978-2014年我国居民消费数据,研究城乡居民的消费总量、收支结构、平均消费倾向、边际消费倾向和恩格尔系数等差异,并选取31个省市的面板数据构建城乡消费模型进行分析。结果表明：①城乡居民消费行为可分三个阶段,城乡差距经历两个轮回,现在第二轮扩张期。②相对而言,农村居民收入低消费率高支出结构固化,对物价变动有滞后性和拖尾性,近期在城镇居民平均消费倾向持续走低时平稳走高。③城镇居民自发消费与边际消费倾向大致呈反比,同一城市的城乡居民自发消费与边际消费倾向相关性不强。文章建议,降低城乡交通通信类支出,扩大城乡家庭设备及用品类市场和农村文教娱乐类市场,提高农村居民健康及医疗保障水平。     

The Capability Approach and Fuzzy Poverty Measures: An Application to the South African Context

One way of making the capability approach (CA) operational uses fuzzy poverty measures. In this paper, we present a new approach to applying these measures in the South African context using responses to a questionnaire on ‘The Essentials of Life’ in conjunction with a methodology for dealing with the vagueness of poverty. Our results suggest very low cut-offs for people or households to classify as definitely poor for some social indicators. These cut-offs are far lower than those Klasen used in his application of the CA. The attempt to apply the CA using Cheli and Lemmi’s ‘totally fuzzy and relative’ poverty measure in conjunction with our approach to specifying cut-offs can lead to incoherence. This measure can, nonetheless, be useful when social indicators have a ‘relativist component’. While the Cerioli and Zani measure does not lead to such incoherence, it also has a serious weakness.     

Stochastic Choice and Consideration Sets

We model a boundedly rational agent who suffers from limited attention. The agent considers each feasible alternative with a given (unobservable) probability, the attention parameter, and then chooses the alternative that maximizes a preference relation within the set of considered alternatives. We show that this random choice rule is the only one for which the impact of removing an alternative on the choice probability of any other alternative is asymmetric and menu independent. Both the preference relation and the attention parameters are identified uniquely by stochastic choice data.     

商务酒店客房空间形态探讨

以商务酒店客房为研究对象,结合对商务酒店客房使用主体的调查分析,探讨了商务酒店客房的发展趋势。通过对客房空间的建筑设计研究,针对商务酒店客房日益增长的舒适度要求,提出一些可行性建议。在客房的功能构成以及空间尺度等方面进行了分析,给出了商务酒店客房的房型配置和面积指标的参考意见。