文化差异视角下的英汉颜色词的联想

不同的民族由于地理、民俗、宗教及价值观念等方面的差异,在表达同一概念时,词汇被赋予了许多的联想意义。掌握汉英颜色词不同的文化联想意蕴,并且了解产生这些不同联想意义的原因不仅有利于提高英语学习水平,还能促进和加强中西文化之间的交流。     

The star-shaped Λ-coalescent and Fleming–Viot process

The star-shaped Λ-coalescent and corresponding Λ-Fleming–Viot process, where the Λ measure has a single atom at unity, are studied in this article. The transition functions and stationary distribution of the Λ-Fleming–Viot process are derived in a two-type model with mutation. The distribution of the number of non-mutant lines back in time in the star-shaped Λ-coalescent is found. Extensions are made to a model with d types, either with parent-independent mutation or general Markov mutation, and an infinitely-many-types model, when d → ∞. An eigenfunction expansion for the transition functions is found, which has polynomial right eigenfunctions and left eigenfunctions described by hyperfunctions. A further star-shaped model with general frequency-dependent change is considered and the stationary distribution in the Fleming–Viot process derived. This model includes a star-shaped Λ-Fleming–Viot process with mutation and selection. In a general Λ-coalescent explicit formulae for the transition functions and stationary distribution, when there is mutation, are unknown. However, in this article, explicit formulae are derived in the star-shaped coalescent.     

用工业CT技术测量储层岩芯饱和度分布

认识储层岩石中含油饱和度及饱和度分布,对驱替机理的深入研究是非常重要的。为了搞清储层岩石在驱替过程中的饱和度分布情况,应用工业CT技术,提出了一种储层含油岩芯被驱替后的饱和度分布的CT密度差测量方法。在岩样的同一断面,分别对干岩样、饱和岩样及在驱替后的岩样进行CT扫描,重建相应的断层图象,测量所建图象的灰度值,计算出相应的密度值,用密度差法计算出饱和度及其分布值。在γ射线工业CT机“CD-300BG”上对某油田岩样进行了实际测量,获得的结果说明,采用CT密度差法测量饱和度分布是有效的。该方法与常规驱替法相比较,具有快速、精度高、无损岩样和能模拟地层状态测量等特点,是油田开发、油藏描述和地层评价的一种新的有效方法。     

Basu–Dhar bivariate geometric distribution in the presence of covariates and censored data: a Bayesian approach

In this paper, we introduce classical and Bayesian approaches for the Basu–Dhar bivariate geometric distribution in the presence of covariates and censored data. This distribution is considered for the analysis of bivariate lifetime as an alternative to some existing bivariate lifetime distributions assuming continuous lifetimes as the Block and Basu or Marshall and Olkin bivariate distributions. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimators are presented. Two examples are considered to illustrate the proposed methodology: an example with simulated data and an example with medical bivariate lifetime data.     

Emotions in organization–public relationships: Proposing a new determinant

Emotions have been left largely out of debate over the indicators that make up organization–public relationship (OPR) frameworks. This exploratory study analyses the importance of emotions in OPR. Results show that emotions are highly influential in this relationship. On these grounds, the paper suggests expanding existing conceptual analyses of OPR to include emotions.     

On Pitman's measure of closeness of k-records

Pitman closeness of both the upper and lower k-record statistics to the population quantiles of a location–scale family of distributions is studied. For the population median, the Pitman-closest k-record is also determined. In the case of symmetric distributions, the Pitman closeness probabilities of k-record statistics are shown to be distribution-free, and explicit expressions are also derived for these probabilities. Exact expressions are derived for the required probabilities for uniform and exponential distributions. Numerical results are given for these families and also the Pitman-closest k-record is determined.     

Bayesian inference under progressive type-I interval censoring

Bayesian estimation for population parameter under progressive type-I interval censoring is studied via Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. Two competitive statistical models, generalized exponential and Weibull distributions for modeling a real data set containing 112 patients with plasma cell myeloma, are studied for illustration. In model selection, a novel Bayesian procedure which involves a mixture model is proposed. Then the mix proportion is estimated through MCMC and used as the model selection criterion.     

A log-Birnbaum–Saunders regression model with asymmetric errors

This paper introduces a skewed log-Birnbaum–Saunders regression model based on the skewed sinh-normal distribution proposed by Leiva et al. [A skewed sinh-normal distribution and its properties and application to air pollution, Comm. Statist. Theory Methods 39 (2010), pp. 426–443]. Some influence methods, such as the local influence and generalized leverage, are presented. Additionally, we derived the normal curvatures of local influence under some perturbation schemes. An empirical application to a real data set is presented in order to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed model.     

Optimal financing and dividend policy with Markovian switching regimes

This work investigates an optimal financing and dividend problem for an insurer whose surplus process is modulated by an observable continuous-time and finite-state Markov chain. We assume that the insurer should never go bankrupt by issuing new equity. The goal of the insurer is to maximize the expected present value of the dividends payout minus the discounted cost of equity issuance. We obtain the optimal policies and explicit expressions for the value functions when the risk reserve process is modeled by both upward jump model and its diffusion approximation. Numerical illustrations of the sensitivities of the model parameters are provided.     

非期望产出下我国能源消耗产出效率差异研究

提高能源消耗产出效率是新常态下经济发展的必然趋势，随机扰动和外部环境是研究能源消耗产出效率不可回避的问题，而传统的DEA模型无法剔除非期望产出对效率值的影响。本文通过构建四阶段Bootstrap-DEA-Malmquist模型，采用1990~2014年的省际面板数据作为样本数据，通过松弛指标调整能源投入，剔除外部环境和随机因素对能源效率和能源全要素生产率的扰动，并借助Bootstrap随机抽样法进一步减小由于样本差异造成的影响，从静态和动态两个维度测算了中国能源消耗产出效率和全要素生产率。研究发现，外部环境和随机扰动对能源效率的估算具有显著影响，剔除外部环境影响因素后得到的能源效率值、技术效率变化以及全要素生产率变动均有不同程度的下降，而调整初始投入后的技术进步值有所上升。此外，考虑环境因素时，能源效率值下降，但是进一步运用Bootstrap随机抽样法消除随机因素的影响后，能源效率值有所上升。本文的主要贡献在于将环境因素和随机因素从能源效率与能源全要素生产率的测算中剥离，获得更为准确的能源效率值和能源全要素生产率值。