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31.
A finite mixture model using the multivariate t distribution has been shown as a robust extension of normal mixtures. In this paper, we present a Bayesian approach for inference about parameters of t-mixture models. The specifications of prior distributions are weakly informative to avoid causing nonintegrable posterior distributions. We present two efficient EM-type algorithms for computing the joint posterior mode with the observed data and an incomplete future vector as the sample. Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling schemes are also developed to obtain the target posterior distribution of parameters. The advantages of Bayesian approach over the maximum likelihood method are demonstrated via a set of real data. 相似文献
32.
群体决策支持系统的模型库研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对传统模型及模型库的分析,指出其在网络环境下具有难以实现共享的不足.从模型在网络上共享及其软件实现的角度,在分布式网络数据库环境下,利用分布式网络数据库技术,设计了模型库的结构和机理;提出了模型库的构造方法;对模型库的内部控制方式进行了设计;提出了模型库对群体决策的支持方式;客户端的决策成员对模型库的共享与访问方法. 相似文献
33.
Estimated associations between an outcome variable and misclassified covariates tend to be biased when the methods of estimation that ignore the classification error are applied. Available methods to account for misclassification often require the use of a validation sample (i.e. a gold standard). In practice, however, such a gold standard may be unavailable or impractical. We propose a Bayesian approach to adjust for misclassification in a binary covariate in the random effect logistic model when a gold standard is not available. This Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach uses two imperfect measures of a dichotomous exposure under the assumptions of conditional independence and non-differential misclassification. A simulated numerical example and a real clinical example are given to illustrate the proposed approach. Our results suggest that the estimated log odds of inpatient care and the corresponding standard deviation are much larger in our proposed method compared with the models ignoring misclassification. Ignoring misclassification produces downwardly biased estimates and underestimate uncertainty. 相似文献
34.
The problem considered is that of finding an optimum measurement schedule to estimate population parameters in a nonlinear model when the patient effects are random. The paper presents examples of the use of sensitivity functions, derived from the General Equivalence Theorem for D-optimality, in the construction of optimum population designs for such schedules. With independent observations, the theorem applies to the potential inclusion of a single observation. However, in population designs the observations are correlated and the theorem applies to the inclusion of an additional measurement schedule. In one example, three groups of patients of differing size are subject to distinct schedules. Numerical, as opposed to analytical, calculation of the sensitivity function is advocated. The required covariances of the observations are found by simulation. 相似文献
35.
Kimmo Eriksson 《Scandinavian Journal of Statistics》2004,31(2):203-216
Abstract. This document presents a survey of the statistical and combinatorial aspects of four areas of comparative genomics: gene order based measures of evolutionary distances between species, construction of phylogenetic trees, detection of horizontal transfer of genes, and detection of ancient whole genome duplications. 相似文献
36.
On Optimality of Bayesian Wavelet Estimators 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Felix Abramovich Umberto Amato Claudia Angelini 《Scandinavian Journal of Statistics》2004,31(2):217-234
Abstract. We investigate the asymptotic optimality of several Bayesian wavelet estimators, namely, posterior mean, posterior median and Bayes Factor, where the prior imposed on wavelet coefficients is a mixture of a mass function at zero and a Gaussian density. We show that in terms of the mean squared error, for the properly chosen hyperparameters of the prior, all the three resulting Bayesian wavelet estimators achieve optimal minimax rates within any prescribed Besov space for p ≥ 2. For 1 ≤ p < 2, the Bayes Factor is still optimal for (2 s +2)/(2 s +1) ≤ p < 2 and always outperforms the posterior mean and the posterior median that can achieve only the best possible rates for linear estimators in this case. 相似文献
37.
38.
Religion may influence female employment decisions because different religions specify different life styles. This study investigates whether religion is a significant determinant of married and single women's paid-work and full-time employment in Malaysia. Using the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey and a sequential logit approach, this paper finds that religion is less influential in urban areas than in rural areas. 相似文献
39.
经贸院系英语教学模式探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析目前我国英语教学与研究的误区。提出经贸院系学生应达到的英语水平目标;探讨经贸院系英语教学可采取六种教学模式。 相似文献
40.
翻译:意识形态的建构、解构、重建与解读 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
徐国柱 《湖南大学学报(社会科学版)》2008,22(2):107-112
翻译不仅是语言之间信息转换的文化活动,而且是一系列复杂的思维活动。意识形态以不同的语言形式隐藏在语篇之中,以各种隐蔽方式潜移默化地影响着作者写作、译者翻译以及读者解读文本。本文拟以批评语言学为主要方法论,强调翻译中语言分析和社会分析相结合的重要性,同时主张翻译研究应以语篇为单位,特别注意考察作者、译者、读者在翻译过程中的三元关系及其在意识形态的建构、解构、重建和解读过程中的作用,以便弄清翻译的本质并有效地解释那些"不忠"的现象。 相似文献