Efficiency measures of the Chinese commercial banking system using an additive two-stage DEA

Measuring and improving the efficiency of the Chinese commercial banking system has recently attracted increasing interest. Few studies, however, have adopted the two-stage network DEA to explore this issue in the Chinese context. Because the entire operational process of the banking system could be divided into two sub-processes (deposit producing and profit earning), the evaluation of the sub-process efficiencies could be used to assist in identifying the sources of the inefficiency of the entire banking system. In this study, we utilize the network DEA approach to disaggregate, evaluate and test the efficiencies of 16 major Chinese commercial banks during the third round of the Chinese banking reform period (2003–2011) with the variable returns to scale setting and the consideration of undesirable/bad output. The main findings of this study are as follows: (i) the two-stage DEA model is more effective than the conventional black box DEA model in identifying the inefficiency of banking system, and the inefficiency of the Chinese banking system primarily results from the inefficiency of its deposit producing sub-process; (ii) the overall efficiency of the Chinese banking system improves over the study period because of the reform; (iii) the state-owned commercial banks (SOBs) appear to be more overall efficient than the joint-stock commercial banks (JSBs) only in the pre-reform period, and the efficiency difference between the SOBs and the JSBs is reduced over the post-reform period; (iv) the disposal of non-performing loans (NPLs) from the Chinese banking system in general explains its efficiency improvement, and the joint-equity reform of the SOBs specifically increases their efficiencies.     

Stochastic metafrontiers

ABSTRACT

We consider the case of production units arranged into a number of groups. All units within a group choose output–input combinations from the same production possibilities set that is represented by a stochastic frontier model. The metafrontier is the envelope of the group-specific frontiers. We are interested in the metafrontier distance, which is the amount by which the group-specific frontier lies below the metafrontier.

Previous work has measured the metafrontier distance using the deterministic portion of the frontier. In a stochastic frontier model, this is not appropriate. We show how to evaluate the metafrontier distance, and we demonstrate the empirical relevance of this issue.     

农户苜蓿种植规模效率的实证分析---基于河北省黄骅市的实证分析

种植苜蓿对于畜牧业发展、土地资源改善具有重要意义,发展苜蓿种植是2015年中央一号文件的重要内容。本文以农户这一我国苜蓿种植主体为研究对象,利用河北省黄骅市的农户苜蓿种植调查数据,构建DEA模型对农户的苜蓿种植规模效率进行实证研究。结果表明,农户苜蓿种植获得最优效率的规模为18亩左右。利用Tobit模型,对影响规模效率的因素进一步分析计算发现,调查区域农户苜蓿种植处于粗放阶段,应鼓励发展苜蓿专业种植户,在种子、技术、资金及机械补贴、种植补贴等方面给予支持。     

Testing Hypotheses in Nonparametric Models of Production

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and free disposal hull (FDH) estimators are widely used to estimate efficiency of production. Practitioners use DEA estimators far more frequently than FDH estimators, implicitly assuming that production sets are convex. Moreover, use of the constant returns to scale (CRS) version of the DEA estimator requires an assumption of CRS. Although bootstrap methods have been developed for making inference about the efficiencies of individual units, until now no methods exist for making consistent inference about differences in mean efficiency across groups of producers or for testing hypotheses about model structure such as returns to scale or convexity of the production set. We use central limit theorem results from our previous work to develop additional theoretical results permitting consistent tests of model structure and provide Monte Carlo evidence on the performance of the tests in terms of size and power. In addition, the variable returns to scale version of the DEA estimator is proved to attain the faster convergence rate of the CRS-DEA estimator under CRS. Using a sample of U.S. commercial banks, we test and reject convexity of the production set, calling into question results from numerous banking studies that have imposed convexity assumptions. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

要素匹配与中国投资效率空间差异性——基于双层嵌套型函数的分解研究

本文基于四要素双层嵌套的生产函数,利用1990-2016年全国层面及省际层面数据测算投资效率,并分析其空间结构特征及演变轨迹,检验投资效率匹配效应影响因素。研究发现：①1990-2016年我国整体投资效率呈下降趋势,资本-技能劳动匹配效应与整体投资效率走势趋同,快速累积的资本存量和不断升级的资本质量与短缺的技能劳动之间矛盾突出。②东中西部地区投资效率增长非一致性明显。东部地区资本相对投资效率明显高于中西部,但下降幅度大于中西部,中西部与东部地区之间差距缩小,其中匹配效应是区域间投资效率非平衡的主要成因。③若产业结构升级的技能劳动需求不能满足,将引发要素错配,不利于有效投资。房价与工资提升分别通过影响技能劳动供给和需求抑制要素匹配效率;教育和公路设施会对地区要素匹配产生积极影响,改善地区间投资效率非均衡性;地区投资效率存在显著正向空间相关性,毗邻地区的要素流动和经济发展相近地区的技术溢出均对投资效率产生积极的影响。     

论公平、效率与收入分配

经济体制转型过程中,"效率优先,兼顾公平"是我们进行分配领域改革的基本原则,对这一原则理解的失误导致收入分配差距日愈拉大.通过对公平与效率的重新反思,认识公平与效率是两个不同经济运行过程的运行原则.公平是分配过程的原则,它贯穿于收入分配的全过程,不管初次分配还是再分配,都要遵循这一原则.     

论我国刑事证据展示制度的确立--以公正、效率为视角

公正与效率既是刑事诉讼的基本价值目标,也是我们分析和研究刑事诉讼相关问题的一种基本方法。而刑事证据展示制度的确立对刑事诉讼中公正与效率的实现有着十分重要的意义。以刑事诉讼公正与效率价值目标为视角,通过对刑事证据展示制度与公正、效率价值目标关系的分析,指出了我国目前刑事证据展示制度在实现公正与效率价值目标方面存在的问题,并对如何确立我国的刑事证据展示制度提出了一些设想。     

我国中小零售企业物流系统运营效率研究

近年来我国中小零售企业发展快速且竞争激烈,零售物流系统是高成本时代中小零售企业发展的关键。运用数据包络分析(DEA)法,对比分析18家中小零售企业的物流系统经营数据可知,中小零售企业物流作业要树立效率经营理念,不断加强物流系统内部管理,从而建设高效零售物流体系,提升企业运营效率。     

基于Malmquist指数的我国航空公司业全要素生产率分析

运用Malmquist生产率指数方法,对我国5个主要航空公司2002-2006年期间的全要素生产率的变化作了测算。结果显示,2002-2006年中国航空公司业的全要素生产率的平均增长率为1.2%,生产效率总体上有所提高,并且这种增长增长同时受到综合效率改善与技术进步的影响。中国航空公司业全要素生产率水平的提高,除继续强调综合效率的重要性之外,也要进一步加强对技术进步的重视,单独依靠一个方面,全要素生产率的增长将是有限的。