人口、经济增长对环境影响的库兹涅茨曲线分析——以昆山市为例

采用昆山市1991-2007年人口、经济相关数据,对昆山市人口、经济发展现状和环境质量进行了库兹涅茨曲线拟合分析,发现昆山市目前工业废水排放量、工业废气排放量分别与经济增长呈倒N型和正N型曲线关系,工业固体废物排放方面则不存在明显曲线,人口增长速度较快但对环境影响不明显。这说明昆山市目前已进入人口、经济增长与环境质量关系转折的关键点,转折的实现需要积极的环境政策响应。     

Volcanoes -Recovery from Rage

Abstract

The transition town movement started in the United Kingdom in 2005, with the aim of addressing peak oil and climate change through self-organising community groups. A “transition model” was proposed to guide individual transition town initiatives in their governance processes. More than 40 community groups in Australia have since become recognised as official transition town initiatives by the Transition Network in the United Kingdom. This study explored the adoption of the transition model by community members in one small rural Australian town. The qualitative study used semistructured interviews with 10 active members of this transition town initiative to gather information on its governance processes, aims, gender relations, and carbon reduction strategies. Preliminary findings have indicated that the transition town model offers guidance to facilitate the self-organising required to enable community groups with skilled communicators to promote changes in lifestyle practices of local people in ways that may reduce carbon emissions.     

Environmental regulatory influence and product innovation: the contingency effects of organizational characteristics

This paper examines the relationship between environmental regulatory influence and product innovation in a multi-industry sample of manufacturing organizations. Our theory argues that the influence of environmental regulation on the level of product innovation in a manufacturing organization is at least partially contingent on the organization's internal characteristics—in particular, its structural flexibility and production process flexibility. Hypotheses are derived from our theory and tested, and the results are consistent with the conclusion that structural flexibility and production process flexibility moderate the environmental regulatory influence–product innovation relationship. Whether environmental regulation inhibits or promotes product innovation seems to depend at least in part on certain internal features of an organization. We discuss implications of our results for future organization studies research on environmental regulation, and for research on other types of external constraints on organizational performance.     

环境审美:科学认知还是情感参与?——从两种环境审美观看中西哲学自然观的整合

当前西方环境美学中两种有代表性的看法——艾伦.卡尔松的“科学认知主义”和阿诺德.伯林特的“参与式美学”——从一个角度折射出了中西传统哲学在自然观方面存在的一些内在差异,由此启示我们应该通过批判地汲取中西传统哲学中的有关合理因素,对它们展开有机的整合,以解决当代环境美学面临的一些重要的理论和实践问题。     

The banking industry in Jordan

This paper examines the structure and performance of the banking industry in Jordan during the period 2000–2006. The Jordanian banking industry is free of extensive state ownership and government direction of the economy. These positive features are reflected by the absence of dominant state-owned banks and by the limited use of directed credit programs, interest rate controls, and credit ceilings. The banking industry is well developed, with bank assets representing 239.80 percent of the GDP at the end of 2006, which is a high percentage compared with other developing countries in the region.     

关于环境法实施效率的经济学分析

环境法是现代国家保障公共环境利益的制度形式之一。受个体行为、政府行为以及违法人者与执法机构之间的不合作博弈等因素影响,环境法规实施的效果往往并不理想。通过讨论破坏行为数量与执法者发现违法行为的概率、惩罚强度以及其它相关因素之间的关系,分析了环境法规实施过程的内在机理,并据此提出了提高环境法规实施效率的建议。     

环境侵权的类型探析

环境概念的多重含义决定了环境侵权的复杂性。从受害者的范围、受侵害权益的类型、侵权救济的不同途径及其权利救济依据等角度分析环境侵权的层次,有助于获得对环境侵权的整体性认识。设定环境权并不利于解决因自由享用权利而导致的环境问题,环境义务观则应成为根本解决环境侵权问题并统辖环境法体系的理念。     

完善我国中小学环境教育之理性思考

本文从中国中小学教育实际出发,理性分析了完善中小学环境教育的对策。     

区域经济增长与环境质量演进关系模型研究——基于环境库兹涅茨曲线

从社会福利最大化角度出发,通过设定物品消费偏好指数,建立两物品模型,推导出区域环境最佳投资水平;从理论上证明了环境库兹涅茨曲线存在的依据以及在环境质量最低点和环境质量发生根本性好转的转折点的社会总投资水平。最后,得出环境质量演化过程曲线取决于社会经济发展状况,它与非环境物品生产函数和排污生产函数的技术参数、居民收入水平以及对环境物品和非环境物品的消费偏好以及国民收入分配政策等有关,而非仅仅与经济增长状况有关。