Associations among sleep problems,executive dysfunctions,and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom domains in college students

Objective: The present study examined whether executive functions (EFs) and sleep problems operate together to predict four attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom domains. Methods: A sample of 306 college students completed ratings of sleep quality, EFs, and ADHD symptoms from January to December 2014. Simultaneous multiple regressions were used to examine (a) the unique contribution of EFs and sleep problems to ADHD symptoms, (b) the relations among EFs, sleep problems, and GPA, and (c) the relations between specific EF facets (i.e., time management, emotion regulation, problem solving, self-restraint, and self-motivation) and ADHD symptoms. Results: While approximately 52.8% of participants were categorized as poor-quality sleepers, 10.6% of the sample reported an ADHD diagnosis. EF ratings were associated uniquely with ADHD symptoms after controlling for sleep quality. All EF facets were related to ADHD symptoms. Conclusion: ADHD symptoms are associated with all EF facets even after controlling for sleep quality.     

Coherent Hypothesis Testing

Multiple hypothesis testing, an important quantitative tool to report the results of scientific inquiries, frequently leads to contradictory conclusions. For instance, in an analysis of variance (ANOVA) setting, the same dataset can lead one to reject the equality of two means, say μ₁ = μ₂, but at the same time to not reject the hypothesis that μ₁ = μ₂ = 0. These two conclusions violate the coherence principle introduced by Gabriel in 1969 Gabriel, K. R. (1969), “Simultaneous Test Procedures - Some Theory of Multiple Comparisons,” The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 40, 224–250. Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2239213[Crossref] , [Google Scholar], and lead to results that are difficult to communicate, and, many times, embarrassing for practitioners of statistical methods. Although this situation is common in the daily life of statisticians, it is usually not discussed in courses of statistics. In this work, we enrich the teaching and discussion of this important topic by investigating through a few examples whether several standard test procedures are coherent or not. We also discuss the relationship between coherent tests and measures of support. Finally, we show how a Bayesian decision-theoretical framework can be used to build coherent tests. These approaches to coherence enlighten when such property is appealing in multiple testing and provide means of obtaining it.     

Estimation and prediction for the generalized inverted exponential distribution based on progressively first-failure-censored data with application

In this paper, the estimation of parameters for a generalized inverted exponential distribution based on the progressively first-failure type-II right-censored sample is studied. An expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm is developed to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of unknown parameters as well as reliability and hazard functions. Using the missing value principle, the Fisher information matrix has been obtained for constructing asymptotic confidence intervals. An exact interval and an exact confidence region for the parameters are also constructed. Bayesian procedures based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods have been developed to approximate the posterior distribution of the parameters of interest and in addition to deduce the corresponding credible intervals. The performances of the maximum likelihood and Bayes estimators are compared in terms of their mean-squared errors through the simulation study. Furthermore, Bayes two-sample point and interval predictors are obtained when the future sample is ordinary order statistics. The squared error, linear-exponential and general entropy loss functions have been considered for obtaining the Bayes estimators and predictors. To illustrate the discussed procedures, a set of real data is analyzed.     

Erlang–Lindley distribution

In this paper, Erlang–Lindley distribution (ErLD) is proposed which offers a more flexible model for waiting time data. It has the property that it can accommodate increasing, bathtub, and inverted bathtub shapes. Several statistical and reliability properties are derived and studied. The moments, its associated measures, and the limiting distributions of order statistics are derived. The model parameters are estimated by maximum likelihood and method of moments. An application of the proposed distribution to some waiting time data shows that it can give a better fit than other important lifetime models.     

On randomness, determinism and computability

This paper discusses the meaning and relationship of randomness and determinism. A fundamental development of chaotic dynamical systems is given with examples. Such systems are seen to exhibit randomness in the usual sense of unpredictability. The formal definition of randomness in terms of algorithmic incompressibility is also discussed. The role of recursion in computability and randomness is also discussed.     

The Determinants of the Boundary-spanning Functions of Japanese Self-initiated Expatriates in Japanese Subsidiaries in China: Individual Skills and Human Resource Management

Self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) who work for a subsidiary of a multinational enterprise from their country of origin and hence are familiar with both countries' language and culture can be expected to act as boundary-spanners between the assigned expatriates sent from the parent country and host country nationals, and between the headquarters and the subsidiary. We develop a new model of boundary-spanning that encompasses both individual and organizational antecedents and validate the model using survey data from Japanese-affiliated companies in China. We find that familiarity with Chinese language and culture and the potential dual allegiance of SIEs contribute to enhancing their boundary-spanning behavior. We also find that relationships of trust among the parties concerned (social capital) and global career opportunities for such self-initiated expatriates (geocentric staffing) have positive influences on their dual allegiance. Finally, normative and systems integration of human resource management are associated with increasing levels of social capital and geocentric staffing.     

英语模糊限制语的言语交际功能与语用失误

人类客观世界和主观世界的模糊性,决定了人类思维和语言的模糊性。模糊限制语作为一种特殊的语言现象是自然语言中不可或缺的一部分,有着极为丰富的语义特征和语用功能,在言语交际中起着润滑刑的作用。采用何自然等从语用角度对模糊限制语的分类,对模糊限制语的言语交际功能及其与语用失误的关系进行了研究,研究结果显示,如果正确使用,模糊限制语能够增强话语表达的灵活性和得体性。但如果误用滥用,也会导致语用失误甚至交际失败。     

县域经济发展中政府资源配置的职能

资源的稀缺性决定了资源需要优化配置,从而提升其总价值量。在县域经济发展中,市场资源配置的内在缺陷和资源优化配置的需求使县级政府成为配置县域资源的主体。从中国县级政府的实践来看,县级政府的资源配置职能包括直接生产和分配县域产品、县域基础设施建设、县域公共资源配置、矫正县域内的外部性、县域自然垄断行业资源配置、产权界定和国有资产配置。在市场经济条件下,需要通过强化公共产品供给、优化配置县域自然生态及环境资源、建立公平的区域生态补偿协调机制,提高县级政府履行资源配置职能的效能,进而推进县域经济的可持续发展。     

政府职能定位与国有企业改革

在社会主义市场经济条件下 ,政府是无法同时胜任弥补市场缺陷职能和国有资产所有者代表职能的 ,合理的选择是把国有资产所有者代表职能交由全国人大派出的、与政府独立的“国资委”承担。据此 ,社会主义市场经济条件下的国有企业可以分为由政府以弥补市场缺陷为目的举办的国有企业Ⅰ和由“国资委”以实现国有资产保值增值为目的举办的国有企业Ⅱ两种类型。国有企业改革拟走国有企业Ⅰ和国有企业Ⅱ分开的路子     

区域管理学视角下乌梁素海研究的思路和内容

阐述了区域管理学的基本观点;设计了区域管理学视角下乌梁素海研究的思路;提出了区域管理学视角下乌梁素海研究的内容.