和谐文化的内涵、功能与打造方法

凡是有利于追求和谐的人类创造物,均属和谐文化。和谐文化所追求的和谐目标,不是一般的价值,而是终极性的社会价值目标。和谐文化是由和谐理论、和谐观念、和谐制度与和谐装备构成的系统。和谐文化具有辩护批判、辨析优化、导向激励和协调整合四项基本功能。和谐文化既然是服务于和谐目标的工具,我们就不能为了打造和谐文化而打造和谐文化,而只能在追求现世和谐的实践过程中打造和谐文化。     

A Loss Function Model for the Restoration of Grey Level Images

Common loss functions used for the restoration of grey scale images include the zero–one loss and the sum of squared errors. The corresponding estimators, the posterior mode and the posterior marginal mean, are optimal Bayes estimators with respect to their way of measuring the loss for different error configurations. However, both these loss functions have a fundamental weakness: the loss does not depend on the spatial structure of the errors. This is important because a systematic structure in the errors can lead to misinterpretation of the estimated image. We propose a new loss function that also penalizes strong local sample covariance in the error and we discuss how the optimal Bayes estimator can be estimated using a two-step Markov chain Monte Carlo and simulated annealing algorithm. We present simulation results for some artificial data which show improvement with respect to small structures in the image.     

Evaluating high-tech alternatives by using analytic network process with BOCR and multiactors

The main purpose of this study is to solve a real-world, multicriteria, high-tech selection problem by using analytic network process (ANP). The proposed ANP model consists of a control hierarchy, and a network of connections among the clusters of alternatives, actors and criteria. The strategic criteria were included into the model to rate benefits (B), opportunities (O), costs (C), and risks (R). Then, final synthesis of alternatives was obtained by using rated BOCR. Three actor groups at each step of ANP were cooperated to gain their contributions into the decision as well as to promote the implementation. The results and their interpretations are presented. The management has currently implemented the new high-tech transaction processing system proposed by this study as the best alternative.     

英语作文教学中的综合素质培养与评价功能取向

英语写作教学模式历来被认作是教与学两者合二为一的形态变化。教与学的过程是人为的且具有很强的可塑性,这一过程中应注重将知识、技能、能力升华为素质,坚持知识和能力、过程和结果并重的评估原则,以创新能力、学业水平为主要评估指标,全方位地评估学生的学习过程,注重评估的多元性和公正性,充分发挥评估的实践制约作用、目标导向作用、宏观调控作用和激励反拨作用。     

报刊新闻中“评价”的跨文化研究

对《纽约时报》和《中国日报》中新闻语篇的图式机构分析显示,中美英语新闻语篇在评价的使用上既有差别又有相似之处。我们进一步以批评语篇分析为工具研究发现,无论是否承认新闻的倾向性,《中国日报》和《纽约时报》均善于通过消息来源的预期评价,对事件的政治涵义和赋值做出隐性的评价。     

英语边缘介词辨析

英语边缘介词是英语中使用频率颇高的一个重要词类 ,尤其在书面语言之中。通过研究英语介词的基本功能和特征 ,论述了 3种常用的英语边缘介词 ,指出边缘介词和现在分词及过去分词的区别 ,对正确使用边缘介词有一定的参考价值     

Publishing systematic, pragmatic case studies in program evaluation: rationale and introduction to the special issue

The present Special Issue proposes that the creation of a database of systematic, pragmatically focused case studies in program planning and evaluation will be useful to both theorist and practitioner. This knowledge-base can (a) facilitate cross-case comparisons for inductively deriving generalizations of best practice; (b) allow practitioners to use the experience of past cases to guide their practice in present cases; and (c) further explore the foundational nature of evaluation as a discipline. This introduction first explores why there are so few published evaluation case studies. It then describes the development of a pragmatic paradigm, including a common analytic framework for facilitating the conduct, documentation, and discussion of individual case studies and for organizing them into a database. The introduction concludes with a cross-case summary comparison of the three cases in this first part of the Special Issue. In the next issue of this journal, a second part of the Special Issue will be presented. This will include three additional case studies and an analysis of all six of the case studies in terms of what we have learned about the theoretical and practical values—as well as the challenges—of creating a database of systematic, pragmatic case studies in evaluation.     

企业会计信息质量评价模式探析

通过论证当前普遍存在的企业会计信息失真现象和危害 ,分析其产生的原因 ,认为 :产权关系模糊 ,外部约束的弱化、内部人控制行为严重 ,以及激励机制和约束机制的非对称性 ,是会计信息失真的宏观环境原因 ;上市公司为多募集资金 ,或因某一原因、为达某一目的有意掩饰财务状况 ,以及企业经济效益不好等是企业会计信息失真的微观内部原因。为此 ,提出通过定量模型对企业会计信息的质量进行评价的思路 ,继而提出评价的基本模型、动态结构模型和模糊评价模型 ,以期对企业会计信息失真现象进行遏制     

A Multi-Method Impact Evaluation of a Therapeutic Summer Camp Program

This article reports on a multi-method impact evaluation of a therapeutic summer camp program for children and youth with learning disabilities and related psychosocial problems. The study examines the degree to which program objectives were achieved through a pre-camp, post-camp, follow-up design using a series of standardized instruments, camp evaluations, and interviews with parents. The results indicate that the campers reported less social isolation, experienced modest improvements in self-esteem, and expressed high levels of satisfaction with the camp. The measures for social skills generally failed to register significant changes, although parents reported improvements in the areas of cooperation, responsibility, and self-control.     

Computations via Auxiliary Random Functions for Survival Models

Abstract.  A new simulation method, auxiliary random functions is introduced. When used within a Gibbs sampler, this method enables a unified treatment of exact, right-censored, left-censored, left-truncated and interval censored data, with and without covariates in survival models. The models and methods are exemplified via illustrative analysis.