宅基地退出对农户收入的影响——基于倾向得分匹配(PSM)的反事实估计

基于宅基地退出试点区安徽金寨县626户农户的微观调研数据,在考虑样本选择偏差和农户异质性基础上,运用倾向得分匹配法(PSM)分析宅基地退出对农户收入的影响。结果发现:宅基地退出对农户经营性收入有负向影响,对农户工资性收入和家庭总收入有正向影响;农户宅基地退出,一方面通过缩小耕地经营面积、提高农业生产成本和减少亩均收入降低其经营性收入,另一方面通过增加外出务工人数、提高外出务工时长提升其工资性收入;由于农户工资性收入增加强度大于其经营性收入降低强度,故对其家庭总收入有正向影响;此外,不同教育背景、年龄段农户宅基地退出后收入变化存在差异,因此,应增强宅基地退出就业帮扶政策针对性,宣传宅基地退出政策的增收效应,实施差别化的宅基地退出政策安排。     

农户兼业对秸秆还田技术采纳的影响机制及效应分析——基于冀皖鄂1150份农户调查数据的实证

基于河北、安徽、湖北三省1150份农户的实地调查数据,采用倾向得分匹配法构建“反事实”框架,探讨了农户兼业对秸秆还田技术采纳的影响效应,并进一步验证了其中介效应及务工距离的作用机制。研究结果表明：（1）相比纯农户,兼业户更倾向于采纳秸秆还田技术;（2）农户兼业通过风险分担间接影响秸秆还田技术采纳,间接影响占比为24.43%;（3）当纯农户选择在乡内务工时,秸秆还田技术采纳率会提高15.0%,选择在县内乡外务工时,兼业对农户秸秆还田技术采纳行为没有显著性影响,但当纯农户选择省内县外务工时,秸秆还田技术采纳率提高了9.2%,选择省外务工时秸秆还田技术采纳率提高了10.0%。因此,为更好促进秸秆还田技术推广,政府部门应该引导和鼓励农户就近务工,保障农村劳动力就业质量,培育和支持农机社会化服务组织并加强对秸秆还田技术的指导和培训。     

房地产上市公司非财务绩效评价研究

绩效评价是企业调整运营战略的依据,仅仅从财务的角度考虑绩效是不全面的。文章从非财务的角度对财务绩效评价做出补充,用平衡计分卡理论构建房地产行业的非财务评价体系,继而用层次分析法给指标赋权,并以万科地产为例用模糊综合评价法对定性的体系进行了量化,验证指标体系构建的合理性。简化了房地产公司自我评定以及同行之间的非财务维度的绩效比较。     

运用核Fisher鉴别分析和MPM分类器的入侵检测

为了提高分类器的正确率和减少训练时间,将特征提取技术与分类算法结合,提出了一种基于核Fisher鉴别分析和最小极大概率机算法的入侵检测算法。利用核Fisher鉴别分析技术提取关键特征,运用最小极大概率机对提取特征后的数据进行分类,采用离线数据集KDDCUP99进行实验。实验结果表明,该算法是可行和有效的,使分类性能和训练时间都得到了提高。     

构建基于平衡计分卡的绩效评价与激励机制

平衡计分卡的每一项指标都包含着绩效驱动关系与激励因素。在平衡计分卡转化为行动的实施过程中引入激励机制,既实现了战略动态评价和管理,又通过财务、客户、内部流程、员工学习与成长四个层面的多种指标评价,揭示绩效产生的动因,激励企业的利益相关者,达到"评价什么就得到什么"的目标。     

有监督的水平集高分辨SAR图像分割方法

针对基于统计模型的水平集SAR图像分割中参数估计耗时较多的问题,提出了一种有监督的高分辨SAR图像分割方法。该方法将Fisher分布和Gamma分布分别作为高分辨SAR图像的目标和背景统计模型,结合水平集方法推导了SAR图像分割水平集函数的能量泛函模型,通过最小化能量泛函得到曲线演化偏微分方程,实现对高分辨SAR图像的分割。试验结果表明,该方法对高分辨SAR图像具有强散射点的目标分割更完整,并且比无监督统计模型分割方法分割速度更快。     

战略和价值导向的管理系统--综合计分卡

综合计分卡不仅仅是一种评估系统,更是一种基于战略和价值导向的管理系统.综合计分卡重点关注企业的财务、客户、内部经营过程、学习与成长等四个方面,强调财务目标与非财务目标的有机结合,强调财务目标和业绩驱动因素的内在联系,从而使企业战略转化为员工行动,保证企业战略实施,提高股东价值.本文主要通过分析综合计分卡与战略、价值的关系,分析综合计分卡四个方面及其内在联系,并结合国外综合计分卡的实践经验,探讨综合计分卡作为一种战略管理工具对企业业绩、战略实施、核心竞争力建立的有益作用,进而对中国企业实践综合计分卡问题进行研究.     

战略营销规划在中国企业中的运用——基于扎根理论范式的多案例探索性研究

文章通过运用扎根理论的研究方法,对来自不同行业的中国五家大型企业战略营销规划的构建方式、制定过程和贯彻过程进行多案例实证分析,发现战略营销解码研讨会作为制订战略营销规划的一种方式,具有增强决策者的战略营销知识、良好的沟通平台、增强员工的参与性和使命感、博弈和协商的平台,以及促进员工对价值观的认同等特征。这些特征较好地克服了一些文献提到的制定和执行战略营销规划中的障碍,文章也因此演绎出一个包含战略营销规划构建方式、制定过程和贯彻过程的冰山模型,可供中国企业参考和借鉴。     

A propensity score matching analysis of the relationship between victim sex and capital juror decision-making in North Carolina

A small body of prior research has examined the impact of victim sex on jury death penalty decision-making and the majority of this research has demonstrated some evidence of a “female victim effect” such that cases involving a female victim are more likely to receive the death penalty than similarly situated cases with a male victim. However, within this line of research studies have suggested that victim sex may work in conjunction with other case characteristics. In order to further explore this phenomenon, the current study examines a near-population of death penalty cases from North Carolina (n = 1069) from 1977–2009 using propensity score matching. Results demonstrate that once cases are matched on more than 50 legal and extralegal case characteristics, there is no statistically significant or substantive link between victim sex and death penalty decision-making. Findings suggest that it is concrete differences in the legal and extralegal factors observed in cases with female victims compared to male victims that shape jury death sentence decisions rather than a direct effect of victim sex (before matching: OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.20–1.95; p < .001/after matching: OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.66–1.24; p = .52). Study limitations and implications are also discussed.     

Third-grade retention and reading achievement in Texas: A nine year panel study

The academic performance of over 38,000 Texas students who failed the state’s 1994 reading test was examined through their sophomore year in high school. Propensity score matching resulted in strata with retained and promoted students of comparable observed characteristics. Reading scores were analyzed using a two-level hierarchical linear model. Same grade comparisons show that third graders failing the state-mandated reading test who repeated the grade consistently outperformed in later grades the socially promoted children who also failed the third grade test. Additional analyses indicate that alternative explanations for the findings such as omitted variables, regression to the mean, differential panel attrition and cohort effects are not supported. The results are consistent with findings from other recent studies which suggest that grade retention in third grade may help increase student achievement.