Relearning to Live Life Without Substances: A Grounded Theory of the Impact of Group Physical Exercise on Sobriety

Research has found significant benefits in using exercise as an adjunct treatment for substance use. This study used a qualitative grounded theory approach to explore the role of group exercise on maintaining sobriety. Sixteen persons (13 White men and 3 White women, age M = 31.81, SD = 8.23), recruited from a substance use recovery group that meets at a gym in an urban area in the Southeast part of the United States, were individually interviewed. Data were analyzed using Charmaz’s (2006) constructivist grounded theory strategies. Central themes revealed a parallel process between the steps taken to seek sobriety and those taken to maintain sobriety. The driving forces of sobriety success in both was 12 steps and group exercise programming that included elements of mentorship, structure, accountability, and fellowship or community. This study supported the use of physical group exercise as an adjunct treatment option for substance use treatment.     

行动及其理解:舒茨与米德的社会学思想比较

理解是社会科学特有的一种方法;它强调自然实在与社会实在之间的本质区别。这种方法向传统的科学观所崇尚的感觉至高地位、认知必须从感觉出发、用自然科学的理想模式建构社会科学等观点提出了严重挑战。社会心理学大师米德与现象学社会学创始人舒茨都曾对理解的方法做过精辟独到的论述。文章的主要内容就是要从理解的不同方面:理解的对象——行动、理解的内容——意义以及理解的方式——主体间性等对米德与舒茨进行一次简要的比较;也试图就此理清米德的思想是如何、以及在何种程度上影响了舒茨的。     

新时代下物联网产业的发展困境与推进原则 —— 工信部《物联网“十二五”发展规划》解读

2012年2月14日,工业与信息化正式发布了《物联网“十二五”发展规划》,这是物联网首次国家层面上的产业整体发展规划。物联网产业是战略性新兴产业的重要一项,对于加快转变经济发展方式,推动相关产业转型升级具有重要作用。本规划的推出将会引导各级政府进行物联网产业发展布局,争取形成新一代信息技术产业发展的合力,推动我国经济在十二五阶段更快更稳发展。     

Gender differences in risk behavior and the link to household effects and individual wealth

This study examined the differences in risk behavior between men and women using a household survey that captured the risk preferences of two members in a household and recorded wealth at the individual level instead of the usual approach of representing wealth at the household level. After controlling for commonly used explanatory variables, such as gender, education, age, and wealth, household fixed effects explain about 15% of the variation in risk behavior. This highlights the magnitude of household effects in shaping one’s risk behavior. In general, females in the study area are more risk averse than males based on a risk game with real payout. The gender differences disappear when focusing on only the top land owners. However, even in those cases, females consider themselves more risk averse, supporting results from previous studies that link culture and societal norms to the gender differences in risk behavior.     

Relationship building and message planning: An exploration of media challenges and strategies used during school crises at the P-12 level

Schools at the P-12 level increasingly face crises related to school shootings, violence, and other tragedies. Understanding the communication challenges schools face is paramount to assisting schools with communication before, during, and after crisis events. The current study focuses on the challenges created by media interest in such crises and the strategies implemented to overcome these challenges and provide responsible information to stakeholders. Interviews conducted with 21 school crisis teams at the P-12 level revealed that sensationalism, seeking alternative routes to information, and framing were key challenges in working with the media. In light of these challenges, administrators focused on creating media plans, building relationships with the media, being accurate but guarded, and communicating reassurance and reunification. Implications are discussed for school districts nationally.     

新中国民族理论研究特色论——构建中国民族理论话语体系研究系列之一

在中国民族学的理论来源及其发展上,无论是舶来说、本土化,还是中国化,都是把西方民族学作为中国民族学研究的理论出发点和立足点,难免会陷入一种以经典诠释现实、以今套古、以外导内的研究困境。坚持中国民族理论的中国特色论,就在于从我国统一多民族国家的历史以及几千年的民族传统文化的解读和研究出发,以中国各民族的发展史来作为中国民族理论研究的主干思想,中学为主西学为用,这样才能促进中国特色社会主义民族理论体系的完善和发展。     

Forward irrelevance

We investigate how to combine marginal assessments about the values that random variables assume separately into a model for the values that they assume jointly, when (i) these marginal assessments are modelled by means of coherent lower previsions and (ii) we have the additional assumption that the random variables are forward epistemically irrelevant to each other. We consider and provide arguments for two possible combinations, namely the forward irrelevant natural extension and the forward irrelevant product, and we study the relationships between them. Our treatment also uncovers an interesting connection between the behavioural theory of coherent lower previsions, and Shafer and Vovk's game-theoretic approach to probability theory.     

Classification rules for triply multivariate data with an AR(1) correlation structure on the repeated measures over time

In this article we study the problem of classification of three-level multivariate data, where multiple q$q$-variate observations are measured on u$u$-sites and over p$p$-time points, under the assumption of multivariate normality. The new classification rules with certain structured and unstructured mean vectors and covariance structures are very efficient in small sample scenario, when the number of observations is not adequate to estimate the unknown variance–covariance matrix. These classification rules successfully model the correlation structure on successive repeated measurements over time. Computation algorithms for maximum likelihood estimates of the unknown population parameters are presented. Simulation results show that the introduction of sites in the classification rules improves their performance over the existing classification rules without the sites.     

Semiparametric inference of proportional odds model based on randomly truncated data

This paper studies the estimation in the proportional odds model based on randomly truncated data. The proposed estimators for the regression coefficients include a class of minimum distance estimators defined through weighted empirical odds function. We have investigated the asymptotic properties like the consistency and the limiting distribution of the proposed estimators under mild conditions. The finite sample properties were investigated through simulation study making comparison of some of the estimators in the class. We conclude with an illustration of our proposed method to a well-known AIDS data.