‘A sort of whirlwind’: mapping the changing geography of Presbyterian religious observance in Ireland

Since the European Reformation and the colonisations of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries Ireland has evolved a distinctive religious geography which had profound implications for its political development in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, leading ultimately to the division of the island along explicitly religio–territorial lines in 1921. Troubled Geographies, a major project funded under the auspices of the Arts and Humanities Research Council's ‘Religion and Society’ programme was the first attempt to seek to understand patterns of change in the island's complex geography of religious settlement in the period since the Great Famine of the mid-nineteenth century up to the most recent published censuses for both Northern Ireland and the Republic. This paper will present findings from a smaller spin-off project funded by the British Academy, which digitised records of attendance at Presbyterian churches across the island over the last 150 years, enabling us to assess how patterns of practice were affected by the momentous events of the period, including partition, civil war, two world wars, the vicissitudes of the global economy and the Troubles of the more recent past. In addition, the use of new quantitative materials such as those in the Presbyterian records enables us to reflect on how patterns of substantive religious practice reflect those on nominal religious affiliation available from successive censuses from either side of the border.     

燃气GIS系统建设中的项目管理探索

该文根据燃气行业信息化建设的现状及要求,结合浦东燃气GIS系统建设特性,分别从项目管理的模式组建、范围管理、时间管理、风险控制和沟通管理等方面,探讨了系统建设中采用的项目管理方法。     

基于马尔可夫模型的绿洲土地利用变化预测研究

文章阐述了马尔可夫模型在绿洲土地利用变化预测研究中的应用,并选取位于柴达木盆地东端都兰县境内的香日德绿洲为研究区,分别利用1987年和1999年覆盖该研究区的TM和ETM遥感影像,在RS和GIS技术的支持下,运用马尔可夫预测模型预测了2011年和2023年该区土地利用的变化情况。研究发现:在1987~1999年间,研究区面积变化最大的是土地利用类型为荒漠草场和高寒干旱草场,未来24年间,面积变化幅度将有所减小,各个土地利用类型的面积变化将达到一个较为平稳的状态。     

基于3G的CRM系统研究

为提高客户关系管理水平,研究了基于3G(GIS、GPS、GSM)空间技术的CRM(CustomerRelationManagement)系统,提出利用空间信息将客户关系管理与物流配送相结合,实现对客户服务的闭环控制。     

区域可持续发展及其评价

通过对可持续发展、城市可持续性发展、城市可持续性发展评价指标和评价方法及区域的概念、区域发展模型和区域可持续发展的深入分析,明确显示出地理信息系统是可持续发展理论的有效实现技术.     

ViewGIS在造林设计中的应用

充分利用ViewGIS软件功能,结合研究区域的具体情况,首次尝试将ViewGIS应用到文县城关南山绿化设计中.根据外业调查资料,用计算机完成造林内业设计工作,极大的提高工作效率和精度,使设计图更具有直观性.实现数据管理操作和多源信息管理一体化,提升造林工程的设计和管理水平.     

Modeling Exposure to Air Pollution from the WTC Disaster Based on Reports of Perceived Air Pollution

We examined the utility of a newly developed perceived air pollution (PAP) scale and of a modeled air pollution (MAP) scale derived from it for predicting previously observed birth outcomes of pregnant women enrolled following September 11, 2001. Women reported their home and work locations in the four weeks after September 11, 2001 and the PAP at each site on a four-point scale designed for this purpose. Locations were geocoded and their distance from the World Trade Center (WTC) site determined. PAP values were used to develop a model of air pollution for a 20-mile radius from the WTC site. MAP values were assigned to each geocoded location. We examined the relationship of PAP and MAP values to maternal characteristics and to distance of home and work sites from the WTC site. Both PAP and MAP values were highly correlated with distance from the WTC. Maternal characteristics that were associated with PAP values reported for home or work sites (race, demoralization, material hardship, first trimester on September 11) were not associated with modeled MAP values. Relationships of several birth outcomes to proximity to the WTC, which we previously reported using this data set, were also seen when MAP values were used as the measure of exposure, instead of proximity. MAP developed from reports of PAP may be useful to identify high-risk areas and predict health outcomes when there are multiple sources of pollution and a "distance from source" analysis is impossible.     

地理信息系统（GIS）在土地利用与交通系统研究中的应用

介绍了地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）及其在土地利用与交通系统研究中应用的现状，给出了土地利用／交通系统的ＧＩＳ应用软件的系统设计，论述了地理信息系统在土地利用／交通系统中的模式和应用的核心问题。     

GIS analysis of urban schoolyard landcover in three U.S. cities

Although there has been considerable interest in the rejuvenation and greening of inner-city schoolyards for several decades, recent studies on the behavioral and environmental impacts of greenspace, particularly tree cover, suggest that greenspace on schools may be more important than previously understood. However, little is known about the conditions and landcover of urban schoolyards. To understand the structure of the landcover on city schoolyards, this study used Geographic Information System software to classify and compare landcover on 258 U.S. public elementary and middle schools in Baltimore, MD, Boston, MA, and Detroit, MI. For all three cities, schoolyard was found to cover, on average, more than 68% of the school property, which was an average of 1.0–2.5 ha in size. Boston’s schoolyards (circa 1995) were notably smaller from those in Baltimore and Detroit, and they had far more impervious surface. On average, schoolyards were dominated by turf grass and impervious surface, while tree canopy occupied the smallest fraction of schoolyard landcover (approximately 10%). In light of these findings, we conclude by discussing how greening might be achieved on these and other yards.