Homelessness and Substance Abuse: Which Comes First?

Abstract

The present paper uses a social selection and social adaptation framework to investigate whether problematic substance use normally precedes or follows homelessness. Clarifying temporal order is important for policy and program design. The paper uses information from a large dataset (n=4,291) gathered at two services in Melbourne, supplemented by 65 indepth interviews. We found that 43% of the sample had substance abuse problems. Of these people, one-third had substance abuse problems before they became homeless and two-thirds developed these problems after they became homeless. We also found that young people were more at risk of developing substance abuse problems after becoming homeless than older people and that most people with substance abuse issues remain homeless for 12 months or longer. The paper concludes with three policy recommendations.     

项目视角下高校人文社会科学研究水平比较——“十一五”期间教育部人文社科研究一般项目的统计分析

以2006-2010年人文社会科学(以下简称"人文社科")研究一般项目立项课题为研究对象,比较高校及其所在地区人文社科研究水平。通过对各类项目立项数目的历时变化,发现青年基金项目立项数不断超越规划基金;通过各学校和各学科立项数的分布,看到相应学科的历时变化,发现了各学校立项数变化的"马太效应",并将在各学科领域研究实力较强的院校进行定级;通过对立项数前20名院校在各学科的立项数进行相关性分析,得到学科结构相似的院校集合;以"立项数""立项院校数""立项院校平均立项数"三项指标对各地区人文社科研究力比较,看到立项数目在地区分布上的不均衡,并通过聚类分析将31个省(市、区)分为四类;最后对四类院校群体的研究水平作比较,发现省部共建高校人文社科研究水平提高很快。     

试论朱子的礼俗观——以《家礼·昏礼》为例

礼与俗的关系,是礼学思想落实于社会生活实践所要面临的基本问题。面对古礼繁琐难行,俗礼有违经义等现实问题,朱子重新制定《家礼·昏礼》以重整夫妇之大伦。首先,立足于古礼之基本精神,朱子大幅删减婚礼的繁文缛节;其次,严厉批评民间流于轻浮的鄙俚婚俗,但也酌情吸纳其中不害义理的仪节。最终,既契合古礼精神又切于人伦日用的《家礼·昏礼》在民间社会广泛流行开来,并由私家礼仪逐渐上升为国家的婚姻之礼。朱子通过“以礼化俗”的方式,使得儒家礼仪落实于百姓的日常生活,进而实现化民成俗的目标,这对于当今重建儒家礼仪文明与人伦价值有着重要的借鉴意义。     

试论我国职业技术教育的专业设置与调整

职业技术教育的专业设计和调整是由社会和经济发展的客观需求决定的。市场经济条件下,职业技术教育要根据区域经济生产特点,科学设计职业教育的专业布局;根据区域经济结构变化,合理调整职业教育的专业结构;根据科学技术的进步与应用,适时增设新专业并正确处理好社会需求与主观可能的关系。促进我国职业技术教育与社会、经济协调健康发展。     

《孙子兵法》的哲学思想与美伊战争

孙子是我国春秋末期三大思想家之一。其所著的《孙子兵法》 ,因为包含了丰富的军事学内容和精辟的哲学思想而影响深远。从《孙子兵法》与美伊战争的相关联系出发 ,运用《孙子兵法》中孙子哲学思想 ,可以分析出《孙子兵法》对美伊战争中交战双方的作用和影响     

解析大学生就业问题

近年来,高校毕业生就业问题日益凸显。大学生就业难真是扩招导致的吗?要回答这个问题,本文运用劳动经济学的失业和职业搜寻理论对该现象进行解释,并通过对大学生就业市场的分析和国际经验比较,认为我国目前的大学生就业难问题有其制度性、社会性和历史性的因素,大学生“过剩”也只是一种假饱和现象,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

A bayesian analysis of trend determination in economic time series

In this paper we provide a comprehensive Bayesian posterior analysis of trend determination in general autoregressive models. Multiple lag autoregressive models with fitted drifts and time trends as well as models that allow for certain types of structural change in the deterministic components are considered. We utilize a modified information matrix-based prior that accommodates stochastic nonstationarity, takes into account the interactions between long-run and short-run dynamics and controls the degree of stochastic nonstationarity permitted. We derive analytic posterior densities for all of the trend determining parameters via the Laplace approximation to multivariate integrals. We also address the sampling properties of our posteriors under alternative data generating processes by simulation methods. We apply our Bayesian techniques to the Nelson-Plosser macroeconomic data and various stock price and dividend data. Contrary to DeJong and Whiteman (1989a,b,c), we do not find that the data overwhelmingly favor the existence of deterministic trends over stochastic trends. In addition, we find evidence supporting Perron's (1989) view that some of the Nelson and Plosser data are best construed as trend stationary with a change in the trend function occurring at 1929.     

A True Winner On Hemingway's The Old Man And The Sea

ErnestHemingway(1898-1961)isregardedasa2Othcentury'simportantandoutstandingwhterintheworld.OnJuly21,l898hewasbornatOakPark,Illin0is.Inhischildhood,influencedbyhisparents,hewasinter-estedinhunting,fishing,pictures,musicandsoon.Hisvariety0finterestsespeciallytheloveoffishingalmostfollowedallhislifeandhadimPOrtantinfiuencesonhiswritinginspiration,andhelpedtodevelophisspecialpersonality.Helovedtakingadventures.Heexperiencedtwowor1dwars.Attheageof26,heproducedThe.hanA/sohetoachievehisownpoSit…     

中等年龄疏散星团NGC752中的QX And变星的测光研究

QX And变星是中等年龄疏散星团NGC 752中的一个短周期的W UMa类型的相接双星.在2007年9月10日到12月25日期间,利用国家天文台兴隆85cm反射式望远镜对QX And变星进行B和V测光研究.我们得到了B和V两个波段的光变曲线;利用K-W方法定出光变极小时刻;通过经典的O-C方法得到QX And变星的周期P=4.121 681 17d和周期变化率dp/dt=1.89×10-7d/a.     

Selection and implementation of a PPC system

There are many computer-aided production planning and control (PPC) systems available on the market which can provide a solution to the complex task of production planning and control. However, the question remains, how can a company find an optimal system from the vast amount of available systems? This article proposes that a company, having decided to buy one of the available systems, starts a project for selection and implementation of the PPC system.